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Exodus 10

BSB·29 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Then the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Mosesמֹשֶׁ֔הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study →, “Goבֹּ֖אbō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֑הpar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study →, forכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Iאֲנִ֞י’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → have hardenedהִכְבַּ֤דְתִּיhiḵ·baḏ·tî — to honor, glorify, or make heavy/weightyH3513 — Full Word Study → his heartלִבּוֹ֙lib·bōw — Heart; the center of emotion, will, and intellectH3820 — Full Word Study → and the heartsלֵ֣בlêḇ — Heart; the center of emotion, will, and intellectH3820 — Full Word Study → of his officialsעֲבָדָ֔יו‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →, thatלְמַ֗עַןlə·ma·‘an — because of, for the sake of, in order thatH4616 — Full Word Study → I may performשִׁתִ֛יši·ṯî — to set, place, or appointH7896 — Full Word Study → theseאֵ֖לֶּה’êl·leh — These; those; the onesH428 — Full Word Study → miraculous signs of Mineאֹתֹתַ֥י’ō·ṯō·ṯay — A sign or miraculous wonder that authenticates God's powerH226 — Full Word Study → among themבְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃bə·qir·bōw — midst, inner part, heart, inward beingH7130 — Full Word Study →, 2and thatוּלְמַ֡עַןū·lə·ma·‘an — because of, for the sake of, in order thatH4616 — Full Word Study → you may tellתְּסַפֵּר֩tə·sap·pêr — To count, record, or declareH5608 — Full Word Study → your childrenבִנְךָ֜ḇin·ḵā — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → and grandchildrenוּבֶן־ū·ḇen- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → howאֲשֶׁ֤ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → severely I dealtהִתְעַלַּ֙לְתִּי֙hiṯ·‘al·lal·tî — to glean; to work thoroughly; to maltreat or abuseH5953 — Full Word Study → with the Egyptiansבְּמִצְרַ֔יִםbə·miṣ·ra·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study → when I performedשַׂ֣מְתִּיśam·tî — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → miraculous signsאֹתֹתַ֖י’ō·ṯō·ṯay — A sign or miraculous wonder that authenticates God's powerH226 — Full Word Study → among them, so that all of you may knowוִֽידַעְתֶּ֖םwî·ḏa‘·tem — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → thatכִּי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Iאֲנִ֥י’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → am the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →.” 3So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֣הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → and Aaronוְאַהֲרֹן֮wə·’a·hă·rōn — Exalted FatherH175 — Full Word Study → wentוַיָּבֹ֨אway·yā·ḇō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Pharaohפַּרְעֹה֒par·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → and toldוַיֹּאמְר֣וּway·yō·mə·rū — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → himאֵלָ֗יו’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, “This is whatכֹּֽה־kōh- — thus, so, in this mannerH3541 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →, the Godאֱלֹהֵ֣י’ĕ·lō·hê — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → of the Hebrewsהָֽעִבְרִ֔יםhā·‘iḇ·rîm — Hebrew personH5680 — Full Word Study →, saysאָמַ֤ר’ā·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: ‘How longעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → will you refuseמֵאַ֔נְתָּmê·’an·tā — To refuse, reject, or withhold consentH3985 — Full Word Study → to humble yourselfלֵעָנֹ֖תlê·‘ā·nōṯ — To afflict, humble, or oppress; to treat harshlyH6031 — Full Word Study → before Meמִפָּנָ֑יmip·pā·nāy — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →? Let My peopleעַמִּ֖י‘am·mî — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → goשַׁלַּ֥חšal·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study →, so that they may worship Meוְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃wə·ya·‘aḇ·ḏu·nî — to serve, labor, workH5647 — Full Word Study →. 4Butכִּ֛יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → ifאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → youאַתָּ֖ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → refuseמָאֵ֥ןmā·’ên — To refuse, reject, or be unwillingH3986 — Full Word Study → to let My peopleעַמִּ֑י‘am·mî — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → goלְשַׁלֵּ֣חַlə·šal·lê·aḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study →, I will bringמֵבִ֥יאmê·ḇî — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → locustsאַרְבֶּ֖ה’ar·beh — Locust; swarming insect plagueH697 — Full Word Study → into your territoryבִּגְבֻלֶֽךָ׃biḡ·ḇu·le·ḵā — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → tomorrowמָחָ֛רmā·ḥār — tomorrow, the next dayH4279 — Full Word Study →. 5They will coverוְכִסָּה֙wə·ḵis·sāh — to cover, conceal, hideH3680 — Full Word Study → the faceעֵ֣ין‘ên — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → of the landהָאָ֔רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → so that noוְלֹ֥אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → one canיוּכַ֖לyū·ḵal — to be able, have power, endureH3201 — Full Word Study → seeלִרְאֹ֣תlir·’ōṯ — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → it. They will devourוְאָכַ֣ל׀wə·’ā·ḵal — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → whatever isיֶ֣תֶרye·ṯer — remainder, excess, superiorityH3499 — Full Word Study → leftהַנִּשְׁאֶ֤רֶתhan·niš·’e·reṯ — To remain, be left over, surviveH7604 — Full Word Study → afterהַפְּלֵטָ֗הhap·pə·lê·ṭāh — Survivor; remnant of those who escapeH6413 — Full Word Study → the hailהַבָּרָ֔דhab·bā·rāḏ — Hail; frozen precipitation as divine judgmentH1259 — Full Word Study → and eatוְאָכַל֙wə·’ā·ḵal — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → everyכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → treeהָעֵ֔ץhā·‘êṣ — Tree; wood; timberH6086 — Full Word Study → that growsהַצֹּמֵ֥חַhaṣ·ṣō·mê·aḥ — to sprout, grow, or spring upH6779 — Full Word Study → in your fieldsהַשָּׂדֶֽה׃haś·śā·ḏeh — A field; cultivated or open landH7704 — Full Word Study →. 6They will fillוּמָלְא֨וּū·mā·lə·’ū — to fill, fulfill, completeH4390 — Full Word Study → your housesבָתֶּ֜יךָḇāt·te·ḵā — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → and the housesוּבָתֵּ֣יū·ḇāt·tê — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → of allכָל־ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → your officialsעֲבָדֶיךָ֮‘ă·ḇā·ḏe·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → andוּבָתֵּ֣יū·ḇāt·tê — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → everyכָל־ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → Egyptianמִצְרַיִם֒miṣ·ra·yim — Egyptian personH4713 — Full Word Study →somethingאֲשֶׁ֨ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → neitherלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → your fathersאֲבֹתֶ֙יךָ֙’ă·ḇō·ṯe·ḵā — H1 — Full Word Study → nor your grandfathersוַאֲב֣וֹתwa·’ă·ḇō·wṯ — H1 — Full Word Study → have seenרָא֤וּrā·’ū — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → since the dayמִיּ֗וֹםmî·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → they came intoהֱיוֹתָם֙hĕ·yō·w·ṯām — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → this landהָ֣אֲדָמָ֔הhā·’ă·ḏā·māh — Land, soil, ground, earthH127 — Full Word Study →.’” Then Moses turned and leftוַיֵּצֵ֖אway·yê·ṣê — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → Pharaoh’s presenceפַּרְעֹֽה׃par·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study →. 7Pharaoh’sפַרְעֹ֜הp̄ar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → officialsעַבְדֵ֨י‘aḇ·ḏê — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → asked himוַיֹּאמְרוּ֩way·yō·mə·rū — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “How longעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → will thisזֶ֥הzeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → man beיִהְיֶ֨הyih·yeh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → a snareלְמוֹקֵ֔שׁlə·mō·w·qêš — snare, trap, or netH4170 — Full Word Study → to us? Let the peopleהָ֣אֲנָשִׁ֔יםhā·’ă·nā·šîm — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → goשַׁלַּח֙šal·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study →, so that they may worshipוְיַֽעַבְד֖וּwə·ya·‘aḇ·ḏū — to serve, labor, workH5647 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֣הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → their Godאֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם’ĕ·lō·hê·hem — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study →. Do you not yet realizeתֵּדַ֔עtê·ḏa‘ — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → thatכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃miṣ·rā·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study → is in ruins?” 8So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֤הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → and Aaronאַהֲרֹן֙’a·hă·rōn — Exalted FatherH175 — Full Word Study → were brought backוַיּוּשַׁ֞בway·yū·šaḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֔הpar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study →. “Goלְכ֥וּlə·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study →, worshipעִבְד֖וּ‘iḇ·ḏū — to serve, labor, workH5647 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֣הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם’ĕ·lō·hê·ḵem — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study →,” he said. “But who exactlyמִ֥יmî — who? what person?H4310 — Full Word Study → will be goingהַהֹלְכִֽים׃ha·hō·lə·ḵîm — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study →?” 9We will goנֵלֵ֑ךְnê·lêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → with our youngבִּנְעָרֵ֥ינוּbin·‘ā·rê·nū — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → and oldוּבִזְקֵנֵ֖ינוּū·ḇiz·qê·nê·nū — An old person; an elder with authority and wisdomH2205 — Full Word Study →,” Mosesמֹשֶׁ֔הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → repliedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “We will goנֵלֵ֔ךְnê·lêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → with our sonsבְּבָנֵ֨ינוּbə·ḇā·nê·nū — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → and daughtersוּבִבְנוֹתֵ֜נוּū·ḇiḇ·nō·w·ṯê·nū — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study →, and with our flocksבְּצֹאנֵ֤נוּbə·ṣō·nê·nū — flock of sheep or goatsH6629 — Full Word Study → and herdsוּבִבְקָרֵ֙נוּ֙ū·ḇiḇ·qā·rê·nū — cattle, herd, ox, bovine livestockH1241 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → we must hold a feast to the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →.” 10Then Pharaoh told themאֲלֵהֶ֗ם’ă·lê·hem — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, “May the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → beיְהִ֨יyə·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → with youעִמָּכֶ֔ם‘im·mā·ḵem — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → if I everכַּאֲשֶׁ֛רka·’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → let you goאֲשַׁלַּ֥ח’ă·šal·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → with your little onesטַפְּכֶ֑םṭap·pə·ḵem — young child; little one; infantH2945 — Full Word Study →. Clearlyרְא֕וּrə·’ū — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → you are bentנֶ֥גֶדne·ḡeḏ — before, in front of, in the presence ofH5048 — Full Word Study → on evilרָעָ֖הrā·‘āh — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study →. 11Noלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study →, only the menהַגְּבָרִים֙hag·gə·ḇā·rîm — Man, mighty man, strong manH1397 — Full Word Study → may goלְכֽוּ־lə·ḵū- — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → and worshipוְעִבְד֣וּwə·‘iḇ·ḏū — to serve, labor, workH5647 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →, sinceכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → that is what youאַתֶּ֣ם’at·tem — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → have been requestingמְבַקְשִׁ֑יםmə·ḇaq·šîm — To seek, search for, or request earnestlyH1245 — Full Word Study →.” And Moses and Aaron were driven fromמֵאֵ֖תmê·’êṯ — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study → Pharaoh’sפַרְעֹֽה׃פp̄ar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → presenceפְּנֵ֥יpə·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →. 12Then the LORDיְהוָ֜הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study →, “Stretch outנְטֵ֨הnə·ṭêh — to stretch out, extend, incline, bendH5186 — Full Word Study → your handיָדְךָ֜yā·ḏə·ḵā — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → overעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the landאֶ֤רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִצְרַ֙יִם֙miṣ·ra·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study →, so that the locustsבָּֽאַרְבֶּ֔הbā·’ar·beh — Locust; swarming insect plagueH697 — Full Word Study → may swarmוְיַ֖עַלwə·ya·‘al — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → overעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → itאֶ֣רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → and devourוְיֹאכַל֙wə·yō·ḵal — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → everyכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → plantעֵ֣שֶׂב‘ê·śeḇ — grass, vegetation, or herbageH6212 — Full Word Study → in the landהָאָ֔רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →everythingכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the hailהַבָּרָֽד׃hab·bā·rāḏ — Hail; frozen precipitation as divine judgmentH1259 — Full Word Study → has left behindהִשְׁאִ֖ירhiš·’îr — To remain, be left over, surviveH7604 — Full Word Study →.” 13So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֣הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → stretched outוַיֵּ֨טway·yêṭ — to stretch out, extend, incline, bendH5186 — Full Word Study → his staffמַטֵּהוּ֮maṭ·ṭê·hū — Rod, staff, or tribeH4294 — Full Word Study → overעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the landאֶ֣רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִצְרַיִם֒miṣ·ra·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study →, and throughoutכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → thatהַה֖וּאha·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → dayהַיּ֥וֹםhay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → and nightהַלָּ֑יְלָהhal·lā·yə·lāh — Night, darkness, the period of darknessH3915 — Full Word Study → the LORDוַֽיהוָ֗הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → sentנִהַ֤גni·haḡ — to lead, drive, guideH5090 — Full Word Study → an eastקָדִים֙qā·ḏîm — east; eastward; east windH6921 — Full Word Study → windר֥וּחַrū·aḥ — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → across the landבָּאָ֔רֶץbā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →. By morningהַבֹּ֣קֶרhab·bō·qer — Morning; daybreak; the early part of the dayH1242 — Full Word Study → the eastהַקָּדִ֔יםhaq·qā·ḏîm — east; eastward; east windH6921 — Full Word Study → windוְר֙וּחַ֙wə·rū·aḥ — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → had broughtנָשָׂ֖אnā·śā — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study → the locustsהָאַרְבֶּֽה׃hā·’ar·beh — Locust; swarming insect plagueH697 — Full Word Study →. 14The locustsהָֽאַרְבֶּ֗הhā·’ar·beh — Locust; swarming insect plagueH697 — Full Word Study → swarmedוַיַּ֣עַלway·ya·‘al — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → acrossעַ֚ל‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the landאֶ֣רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → and settledוַיָּ֕נַחway·yā·naḥ — To rest, cease, or remain in a state of quietnessH5117 — Full Word Study → over the entireבְּכֹ֖לbə·ḵōl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → territoryגְּב֣וּלgə·ḇūl — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִצְרָ֑יִםmiṣ·rā·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study →. Neverלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → beforeלְ֠פָנָיוlə·p̄ā·nāw — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → had there beenהָ֨יָהhā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → soכֵ֤ןḵên — so, thus, rightly, thereforeH3651 — Full Word Study → manyכָּבֵ֣דkā·ḇêḏ — Heavy; weighty; burdensome; grievousH3515 — Full Word Study → locustsאַרְבֶּה֙’ar·beh — Locust; swarming insect plagueH697 — Full Word Study →, and neverלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → again will there beיִֽהְיֶה־yih·yeh- — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study →. 15They coveredוַיְכַ֞סway·ḵas — to cover, conceal, hideH3680 — Full Word Study → the faceעֵ֣ין‘ên — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → of allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the landהָאָרֶץ֮hā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → until it was blackוַתֶּחְשַׁ֣ךְwat·teḥ·šaḵ — To darken, obscure, or hideH2821 — Full Word Study →, and they consumedוַיֹּ֜אכַלway·yō·ḵal — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the plantsעֵ֣שֶׂב‘ê·śeḇ — grass, vegetation, or herbageH6212 — Full Word Study → on the groundהָאָ֗רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → and allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the fruitפְּרִ֣יpə·rî — Fruit; produce; offspring; rewardH6529 — Full Word Study → on the treesהָעֵ֔ץhā·‘êṣ — Tree; wood; timberH6086 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the hailהַבָּרָ֑דhab·bā·rāḏ — Hail; frozen precipitation as divine judgmentH1259 — Full Word Study → had left behindהוֹתִ֖ירhō·w·ṯîr — to remain, be left over, excelH3498 — Full Word Study →. Nothingוְלֹא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → greenיֶ֧רֶקye·req — Green vegetation; grass; plantsH3418 — Full Word Study → was leftנוֹתַ֨רnō·w·ṯar — to remain, be left over, excelH3498 — Full Word Study → on any treeבָּעֵ֛ץbā·‘êṣ — Tree; wood; timberH6086 — Full Word Study → or plantוּבְעֵ֥שֶׂבū·ḇə·‘ê·śeḇ — grass, vegetation, or herbageH6212 — Full Word Study → in allבְּכָל־bə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the landאֶ֥רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃miṣ·rā·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study →. 16Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֔הpar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → quicklyוַיְמַהֵ֣רway·ma·hêr — to hurry, hasten, make hasteH4116 — Full Word Study → summonedלִקְרֹ֖אliq·rō — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → Mosesלְמֹשֶׁ֣הlə·mō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → and Aaronוּֽלְאַהֲרֹ֑ןū·lə·’a·hă·rōn — Exalted FatherH175 — Full Word Study → and saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “I have sinnedחָטָ֛אתִיḥā·ṭā·ṯî — To sin; to miss the mark; to commit wrongdoingH2398 — Full Word Study → against the LORDלַיהוָ֥הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → your Godאֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֖ם’ĕ·lō·hê·ḵem — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → and against you. 17Nowוְעַתָּ֗הwə·‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study → pleaseנָ֤אnā — Please, I beseech, I prayH4994 — Full Word Study → forgiveשָׂ֣אśā — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study → my sinחַטָּאתִי֙ḥaṭ·ṭā·ṯî — sin; sin offering; sinfulnessH2403 — Full Word Study → once moreאַ֣ךְ’aḵ — Surely, certainly, only, neverthelessH389 — Full Word Study → and appealוְהַעְתִּ֖ירוּwə·ha‘·tî·rū — To entreat, plead, or pray earnestlyH6279 — Full Word Study → to the LORDלַיהוָ֣הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם’ĕ·lō·hê·ḵem — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study →, that He may removeוְיָסֵר֙wə·yā·sêr — to turn aside, depart, removeH5493 — Full Word Study → thisהַזֶּֽה׃haz·zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → deathהַמָּ֥וֶתham·mā·weṯ — death, the state of being deadH4194 — Full Word Study → from meמֵֽעָלַ֔יmê·‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →.” 18So Moses leftוַיֵּצֵ֖אway·yê·ṣê — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → Pharaoh’sפַּרְעֹ֑הpar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → presence and appealedוַיֶּעְתַּ֖רway·ye‘·tar — To entreat, plead, or pray earnestlyH6279 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →. 19And the LORDיְהוָ֤הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → changed the windוַיַּהֲפֹ֨ךְway·ya·hă·p̄ōḵ — to overturn, turn over, transformH2015 — Full Word Study → to a very strongחָזָ֣קḥā·zāq — Strong, mighty, firm, courageousH2389 — Full Word Study → westיָם֙yām — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study → windרֽוּחַ־rū·aḥ- — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → that carried offוַיִּשָּׂא֙way·yiś·śā — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study → the locustsהָ֣אַרְבֶּ֔הhā·’ar·beh — Locust; swarming insect plagueH697 — Full Word Study → and blew themוַיִּתְקָעֵ֖הוּway·yiṯ·qā·‘ê·hū — to blow, sound, thrust, or strike with forceH8628 — Full Word Study → into the Redסּ֑וּףsūp̄ — Red Sea; seaweed, aquatic plantsH5488 — Full Word Study → Seaיָ֣מָּהyām·māh — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study →. Notלֹ֤אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → a singleאֶחָ֔ד’e·ḥāḏ — One; unity; single; firstH259 — Full Word Study → locustאַרְבֶּ֣ה’ar·beh — Locust; swarming insect plagueH697 — Full Word Study → remainedנִשְׁאַר֙niš·’ar — To remain, be left over, surviveH7604 — Full Word Study → anywhereבְּכֹ֖לbə·ḵōl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → inגְּב֥וּלgə·ḇūl — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃miṣ·rā·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study →. 20But the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → hardenedוַיְחַזֵּ֥קway·ḥaz·zêq — To strengthen, make firm, establishH2388 — Full Word Study → Pharaoh’sפַּרְעֹ֑הpar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → heartלֵ֣בlêḇ — Heart; the center of emotion, will, and intellectH3820 — Full Word Study →, and he would notוְלֹ֥אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → let the Israelitesבְּנֵ֥יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → goשִׁלַּ֖חšil·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study →. 21Then the LORDיְהוָ֜הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study →, “Stretch outנְטֵ֤הnə·ṭêh — to stretch out, extend, incline, bendH5186 — Full Word Study → your handיָֽדְךָ֙yā·ḏə·ḵā — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → towardעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → heavenהַשָּׁמַ֔יִםhaš·šā·ma·yim — The heavens; sky; dwelling place of GodH8064 — Full Word Study →, so that darknessחֹ֖שֶׁךְḥō·šeḵ — Darkness; absence of light; obscurityH2822 — Full Word Study → may spreadוִ֥יהִיwî·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → overעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the landאֶ֣רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִצְרָ֑יִםmiṣ·rā·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study →a palpableוְיָמֵ֖שׁwə·yā·mêš — to feel, grope, or touch to ascertainH4959 — Full Word Study → darknessחֹֽשֶׁךְ׃ḥō·šeḵ — Darkness; absence of light; obscurityH2822 — Full Word Study →.” 22So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֛הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → stretched outוַיֵּ֥טway·yêṭ — to stretch out, extend, incline, bendH5186 — Full Word Study → his handיָד֖וֹyā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → towardעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → heavenהַשָּׁמָ֑יִםhaš·šā·mā·yim — The heavens; sky; dwelling place of GodH8064 — Full Word Study →, and totalאֲפֵלָ֛ה’ă·p̄ê·lāh — darkness, gloom, obscurityH653 — Full Word Study → darknessחֹֽשֶׁךְ־ḥō·šeḵ- — Darkness; absence of light; obscurityH2822 — Full Word Study → coveredוַיְהִ֧יway·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → allבְּכָל־bə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the landאֶ֥רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִצְרַ֖יִםmiṣ·ra·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study → for threeשְׁלֹ֥שֶׁתšə·lō·šeṯ — The number three; a group of three thingsH7969 — Full Word Study → daysיָמִֽים׃yā·mîm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →. 23Noלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → oneאִ֣ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → could seeרָא֞וּrā·’ū — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → anyone elseאָחִ֗יו’ā·ḥîw — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study →, and for threeשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁתšə·lō·šeṯ — The number three; a group of three thingsH7969 — Full Word Study → daysיָמִ֑יםyā·mîm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → no oneוְלֹא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → leftקָ֛מוּqā·mū — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → his placeמִתַּחְתָּ֖יוmit·taḥ·tāw — Under, beneath, instead of, in place ofH8478 — Full Word Study →. Yet allוּֽלְכָל־ū·lə·ḵāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the Israelitesבְּנֵ֧יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → hadהָ֥יָהhā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → lightא֖וֹר’ō·wr — Light; brightness; illuminationH216 — Full Word Study → in their dwellingsבְּמוֹשְׁבֹתָֽם׃bə·mō·wō·šə·ḇō·ṯām — Seat, dwelling place, settlementH4186 — Full Word Study →. 24Then Pharaohפַרְעֹ֜הp̄ar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → summonedוַיִּקְרָ֨אway·yiq·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → and saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙way·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Goלְכוּ֙lə·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study →, worshipעִבְד֣וּ‘iḇ·ḏū — to serve, labor, workH5647 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →. Evenגַּֽם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → your little onesטַפְּכֶ֖םṭap·pə·ḵem — young child; little one; infantH2945 — Full Word Study → may goיֵלֵ֥ךְyê·lêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → with youעִמָּכֶֽם׃‘im·mā·ḵem — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study →; onlyרַ֛קraq — only, merely, nothing butH7535 — Full Word Study → your flocksצֹאנְכֶ֥םṣō·nə·ḵem — flock of sheep or goatsH6629 — Full Word Study → and herdsוּבְקַרְכֶ֖םū·ḇə·qar·ḵem — cattle, herd, ox, bovine livestockH1241 — Full Word Study → must stay behindיֻצָּ֑גyuṣ·ṣāḡ — To station, set up, or establish in placeH3322 — Full Word Study →.” 25But Mosesמֹשֶׁ֔הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → repliedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Youאַתָּ֛ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → must alsoגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → provide usתִּתֵּ֥ןtit·tên — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → withבְּיָדֵ֖נוּbə·yā·ḏê·nū — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → sacrificesזְבָחִ֣יםzə·ḇā·ḥîm — sacrificial offering; animal sacrificeH2077 — Full Word Study → and burnt offeringsוְעֹל֑וֹתwə·‘ō·lō·wṯ — burnt offering; ascending sacrificeH5930 — Full Word Study → to presentוְעָשִׂ֖ינוּwə·‘ā·śî·nū — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → to the LORDלַיהוָ֥הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → our Godאֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃’ĕ·lō·hê·nū — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study →. 26Evenוְגַם־wə·ḡam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → our livestockמִקְנֵ֜נוּmiq·nê·nū — Livestock; herds and flocks as possessionsH4735 — Full Word Study → must goיֵלֵ֣ךְyê·lêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → with usעִמָּ֗נוּ‘im·mā·nū — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study →; notלֹ֤אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → a hoofפַּרְסָ֔הpar·sāh — hoof; cloven footH6541 — Full Word Study → will be left behindתִשָּׁאֵר֙ṯiš·šā·’êr — To remain, be left over, surviveH7604 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֚יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → we will needנִקַּ֔חniq·qaḥ — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → some of themמִמֶּ֣נּוּmim·men·nū — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → to worshipלַעֲבֹ֖דla·‘ă·ḇōḏ — to serve, labor, workH5647 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֣הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → our Godאֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ’ĕ·lō·hê·nū — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study →, and we willוַאֲנַ֣חְנוּwa·’ă·naḥ·nū — We, us, ourselves (first person plural pronoun)H587 — Full Word Study → notלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → knowנֵדַ֗עnê·ḏa‘ — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → howמַֽה־mah- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → we are to worshipנַּעֲבֹד֙na·‘ă·ḇōḏ — to serve, labor, workH5647 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → untilעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → we arriveבֹּאֵ֖נוּbō·’ê·nū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study →.” 27But the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → hardenedוַיְחַזֵּ֥קway·ḥaz·zêq — To strengthen, make firm, establishH2388 — Full Word Study → Pharaoh’sפַּרְעֹ֑הpar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → heartלֵ֣בlêḇ — Heart; the center of emotion, will, and intellectH3820 — Full Word Study →, and he was unwillingוְלֹ֥אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → to let them goלְשַׁלְּחָֽם׃lə·šal·lə·ḥām — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study →. 28Departלֵ֣ךְlêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → from meמֵעָלָ֑יmê·‘ā·lāy — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →!” Pharaohפַרְעֹ֖הp̄ar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּֽאמֶר־way·yō·mer- — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to Moses. “Make sureהִשָּׁ֣מֶרhiš·šā·mer — To guard, keep, observe, preserveH8104 — Full Word Study → you neverאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → seeרְא֣וֹתrə·’ō·wṯ — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → my faceפָּנַ֔יpā·nay — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → againתֹּ֙סֶף֙tō·sep̄ — to add, increase, or do againH3254 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֗יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → on the dayבְּי֛וֹםbə·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → you seeרְאֹתְךָ֥rə·’ō·ṯə·ḵā — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → my faceפָנַ֖יp̄ā·nay — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →, you will dieתָּמֽוּת׃tā·mūṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →.” 29Asכֵּ֣ןkên — so, thus, rightly, thereforeH3651 — Full Word Study → you sayדִּבַּ֑רְתָּdib·bar·tā — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study →,” Mosesמֹשֶׁ֖הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → repliedוַיֹּ֥אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “I will neverלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → seeרְא֥וֹתrə·’ō·wṯ — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → your faceפָּנֶֽיךָ׃פpā·ne·ḵā — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → againאֹסִ֥ף’ō·sip̄ — to add, increase, or do againH3254 — Full Word Study →.”
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Chapter Commentary — Exodus 10
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Exodus 10 presents two of the most devastating plagues in Egypt's judgment: the plague of locusts and the plague of darkness. Throughout these judgments, Pharaoh's heart continues to be hardened, illustrating the progressive spiritual blindness that comes from repeated rejection of God's word. Moses faithfully delivers God's warnings and intercedes for relief, while Pharaoh makes half-hearted confessions and false compromises. This chapter demonstrates God's absolute sovereignty over creation and His patience with human stubbornness, even as His judgment becomes increasingly severe.

Verses 1–6: The Eighth Plague Announced

The Lord commands Moses to confront Pharaoh once more, emphasizing that God has hardened Pharaoh's heart in order to display His signs and wonders (v. 1). This divine hardening serves a redemptive purpose: the testimony of God's mighty acts will echo through generations (v. 2), so that Israel's children and grandchildren will know and worship the Lord. Moses and Aaron issue the warning (vv. 3–6), threatening locusts so numerous they will cover the earth and consume every remaining plant—a plague more terrible than any in recorded history. The appeal to humble oneself before God (v. 3) shows that repentance, not merely compliance, is what the Lord seeks.

Application: God allows trials and consequences in our lives not to destroy us, but to display His power and draw us into deeper faith. Our testimony of God's faithfulness becomes a legacy for our spiritual descendants.

Verses 7–11: Pharaoh's Servants Plead; Pharaoh Resists

Even Pharaoh's own advisors recognize Egypt's ruin and urge him to release the Israelites (v. 7). Pharaoh appears to relent, offering permission to worship—but only for the men (vv. 8–11). This is a classic compromise: partial obedience to God's command. Moses refuses, insisting that all Israel must go—families, flocks, and herds—to observe a proper feast to the Lord (v. 9). Pharaoh's anger erupts, and he expels Moses from his presence with threats (v. 11). Pharaoh cannot accept God's full terms; he wants to dictate the conditions of worship.

Application: We cannot negotiate with God regarding obedience. Half-hearted commitment to God's will ultimately leaves us outside His blessing. True worship requires full surrender, not selective obedience.

Verses 12–20: The Locust Plague and Its Aftermath

God instructs Moses to stretch his rod over Egypt (v. 12), and the Lord brings an east wind carrying an unprecedented swarm of locusts (vv. 13–14). The destruction is absolute: every green plant and fruit tree is consumed, leaving nothing untouched (v. 15). In terror, Pharaoh confesses sin and begs for intercession (vv. 16–17). Moses prays, and the Lord sends a west wind that drives every locust into the Red Sea (v. 19). Yet immediately after this miraculous deliverance, the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart again (v. 20), and Pharaoh refuses to release Israel.

Application: Witnessing God's power does not automatically produce repentance in a hardened heart. Without genuine humility and faith, even miracles can be forgotten or rationalized away.

Verses 21–29: The Ninth Plague—Darkness, and Pharaoh's Final Refusal

The plague of darkness follows (vv. 21–23)—a thick, tangible darkness lasting three days, yet the Israelites enjoy light in their homes. This supernatural sign demonstrates God's power to discriminate between His people and Egypt's population. Pharaoh again makes a partial offer: the Israelites may worship, but livestock must remain (v. 24). Moses insists all cattle must go, for they are needed for sacrifices (vv. 25–26). Pharaoh's heart is hardened once more (v. 27), and he expels Moses with a death threat (v. 28). Moses calmly accepts this dismissal (v. 29), knowing the final, decisive judgment is at hand.

Application: Those who consistently refuse God's calls to repentance may find themselves cut off from His mercy. Yet God's people can rest in His sovereignty, knowing His ultimate purposes will be fulfilled.

Application for Today

Exodus 10 challenges us to examine our hearts: Do we resist God's will through compromise, or do we surrender completely? Like Pharaoh, a hardened heart grows more resistant with each refusal. Yet like Israel, those who trust God's word experience His protection and deliverance. Let us respond to God's voice today with full obedience and genuine repentance, that we may know His saving power.

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