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2 Samuel 1

BSB·27 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Afterאַֽחֲרֵי֙’a·ḥă·rê — after, behind, followingH310 — Full Word Study → the deathמ֣וֹתmō·wṯ — death, the state of being deadH4194 — Full Word Study → of Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →, Davidוְדָוִ֣דwə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → returnedשָׁ֔בšāḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → from the slaughterמֵהַכּ֖וֹתmê·hak·kō·wṯ — To strike, smite, or defeat with forceH5221 — Full Word Study → ofאֶת־’eṯ- — direct object marker; signs accusative caseH853 — Full Word Study → the Amalekitesהָעֲמָלֵ֑קhā·‘ă·mā·lêq — Amalek the EnemyH6002 — Full Word Study → and stayedוַיֵּ֧שֶׁבway·yê·šeḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → in Ziklagבְּצִקְלָ֖גbə·ṣiq·lāḡ — Ziklag, a Philistine cityH6860 — Full Word Study → twoשְׁנָֽיִם׃šə·nā·yim — The number two; a pair or coupleH8147 — Full Word Study → daysיָמִ֥יםyā·mîm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →. 2On the thirdהַשְּׁלִישִׁ֗יhaš·šə·lî·šî — Third; one of three parts; third in rank or sequenceH7992 — Full Word Study → dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → a manאִ֨ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → with tornקְרֻעִ֔יםqə·ru·‘îm — to tear, rend, or split apartH7167 — Full Word Study → clothesוּבְגָדָ֣יוū·ḇə·ḡā·ḏāw — Clothing; treachery or deceptionH899 — Full Word Study → and dustוַאֲדָמָ֖הwa·’ă·ḏā·māh — Land, soil, ground, earthH127 — Full Word Study → onעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → his headרֹאשׁ֑וֹrō·šōw — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study → arrivedבָּ֤אbā — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → fromמִן־min- — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → Saul’sשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → campהַֽמַּחֲנֶה֙ham·ma·ḥă·neh — Military encampment; organized settlement or gatheringH4264 — Full Word Study →. When he cameבְּבֹא֣וֹbə·ḇō·’ōw — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →, he fellוַיִּפֹּ֥לway·yip·pōl — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → to the groundאַ֖רְצָה’ar·ṣāh — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → to pay him homageוַיִּשְׁתָּֽחוּ׃way·yiš·tā·ḥū — To bow down; to worship or show reverenceH7812 — Full Word Study →. 3Whereאֵ֥י’ê — Where? How? What?H335 — Full Word Study → have you come fromתָּב֑וֹאtā·ḇō·w — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study →?” Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → askedוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “I have escapedנִמְלָֽטְתִּי׃nim·lā·ṭə·tî — to escape, deliver, or save from dangerH4422 — Full Word Study → from the Israeliteיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → campמִמַּחֲנֵ֥הmim·ma·ḥă·nêh — Military encampment; organized settlement or gatheringH4264 — Full Word Study →,” he repliedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. 4Whatמֶה־meh- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → was the outcomeהָיָ֥הhā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study →?” Davidדָּוִ֛דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → askedוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “Pleaseנָ֣אnā — Please, I beseech, I prayH4994 — Full Word Study → tellהַגֶּד־hag·geḏ- — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → me.” “The troopsהָעָ֜םhā·‘ām — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → fledנָ֨סnās — to flee, escape, or run awayH5127 — Full Word Study → fromמִן־min- — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → the battleהַמִּלְחָמָ֗הham·mil·ḥā·māh — Battle, warfare, combat, military conflictH4421 — Full Word Study →,” he repliedוַ֠יֹּאמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “Manyהַרְבֵּ֞הhar·bêh — To increase, multiply, grow abundantH7235 — Full Word Study → ofמִן־min- — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → them fellנָפַ֤לnā·p̄al — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → and diedוַיָּמֻ֔תוּway·yā·mu·ṯū — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →. Andוְגַ֗םwə·ḡam — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֛וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → and his sonבְּנ֖וֹbə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → Jonathanוִיהוֹנָתָ֥ןwî·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study → are also deadמֵֽתוּ׃mê·ṯū — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →.” 5Then Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → askedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → the young manהַנַּ֖עַרhan·na·‘ar — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → who had brought him the reportהַמַּגִּ֣ידham·mag·gîḏ — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study →, “Howאֵ֣יךְ’êḵ — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → do you knowיָדַ֔עְתָּyā·ḏa‘·tā — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → thatכִּי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → and his sonבְּנֽוֹ׃bə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → Jonathanוִיהֽוֹנָתָ֥ןwî·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study → are deadמֵ֥תmêṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →?” 6I happenedנִקְרֹ֤אniq·rō — to meet, encounter, or come upon (often by chance or unexpectedly)H7122 — Full Word Study → to be on Mountבְּהַ֣רbə·har — Mountain, hill, or elevated land massH2022 — Full Word Study → Gilboaהַגִּלְבֹּ֔עַhag·gil·bō·a‘ — Hill of springsH1533 — Full Word Study →,” he repliedוַיֹּ֜אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “and thereוְהִנֵּ֥הwə·hin·nêh — Look! Behold! Pay attention!H2009 — Full Word Study → was Saulשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →, leaningנִשְׁעָ֣ןniš·‘ān — To lean on, rely upon, trust inH8172 — Full Word Study → onעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → his spearחֲנִית֑וֹḥă·nî·ṯōw — Spear; a long-shafted weaponH2595 — Full Word Study →, withוְהִנֵּ֥הwə·hin·nêh — Look! Behold! Pay attention!H2009 — Full Word Study → the chariotsהָרֶ֛כֶבhā·re·ḵeḇ — chariot; war vehicleH7393 — Full Word Study → and the cavalryהַפָּרָשִׁ֖יםhap·pā·rā·šîm — Horseman; cavalry soldier or mounted warriorH6571 — Full Word Study → closing in on himהִדְבִּקֻֽהוּ׃hiḏ·bi·qu·hū — to cling to, cleave fast, adhere closelyH1692 — Full Word Study →. 7When he turned aroundוַיִּ֥פֶןway·yi·p̄en — to turn, face, or direct attentionH6437 — Full Word Study → and saw meוַיִּרְאֵ֑נִיway·yir·’ê·nî — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study →, he called outוַיִּקְרָ֣אway·yiq·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → and I answeredוָאֹמַ֖רwā·’ō·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘Here I amהִנֵּֽנִי׃hin·nê·nî — Look! Behold! — an attention-directing particleH2005 — Full Word Study →!’ 8Whoמִי־mî- — who? what person?H4310 — Full Word Study → are youאָ֑תָּה’āt·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study →?’ he askedוַיֹּ֥אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. So I toldוַיֹּאמֶרway·yō·mɛr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → himאֵלָ֔יו’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, ‘I amאָנֹֽכִי׃’ā·nō·ḵî — I, myself (first-person singular pronoun)H595 — Full Word Study → an Amalekiteעֲמָלֵקִ֖י‘ă·mā·lê·qî — Descendant of AmalekH6003 — Full Word Study →.’ 9Then he begged meוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘Standעֲמָד־‘ă·māḏ- — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study → over meעָלַי֙‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → and kill meוּמֹ֣תְתֵ֔נִיū·mō·ṯə·ṯê·nî — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → agonyהַשָּׁבָ֑ץhaš·šā·ḇāṣ — Severe distress; acute anguish or agonyH7661 — Full Word Study → has seized meאֲחָזַ֖נִי’ă·ḥā·za·nî — to grasp, seize, or take hold ofH270 — Full Word Study →, butכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → my lifeנַפְשִׁ֖יnap̄·šî — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study → stillכָל־ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → lingersע֥וֹד‘ō·wḏ — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study →.’ 10So I stoodוָאֶעֱמֹ֤דwā·’e·‘ĕ·mōḏ — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study → over himעָלָיו֙‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → and killed himוַאֲמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּwa·’ă·mō·ṯə·ṯê·hū — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →, becauseכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I knewיָדַ֔עְתִּיyā·ḏa‘·tî — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → thatכִּ֛יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → afterאַחֲרֵ֣י’a·ḥă·rê — after, behind, followingH310 — Full Word Study → he had fallenנִפְל֑וֹnip̄·lōw — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → he could notלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → surviveיִֽחְיֶ֖הyiḥ·yeh — To live, to preserve alive, to give lifeH2421 — Full Word Study →. And I tookוָאֶקַּ֞חwā·’eq·qaḥ — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → the crownהַנֵּ֣זֶר׀han·nê·zer — Nazirite vow; consecration; separated unto GodH5145 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → was onעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → his headרֹאשׁ֗וֹrō·šōw — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study → and the bandוְאֶצְעָדָה֙wə·’eṣ·‘ā·ḏāh — Bracelet or ornamental armlet worn on the wrist or armH685 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → was onעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → his armזְרֹע֔וֹzə·rō·‘ōw — arm; power, strength, mightH2220 — Full Word Study →, and I have brought themוָאֲבִיאֵ֥םwā·’ă·ḇî·’êm — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → hereהֵֽנָּה׃hên·nāh — here, now, thus, in this placeH2008 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → my lordאֲדֹנִ֖י’ă·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study →.” 11Then Davidדָּוִ֛דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → took holdוַיַּחֲזֵ֥קway·ya·ḥă·zêq — To strengthen, make firm, establishH2388 — Full Word Study → of his own clothesבִּבְגָדוֹbiḇ·ḡå̄·ḏō — Clothing; treachery or deceptionH899 — Full Word Study → and tore themוַיִּקְרָעֵ֑םway·yiq·rā·‘êm — to tear, rend, or split apartH7167 — Full Word Study →, and allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the menהָאֲנָשִׁ֖יםhā·’ă·nā·šîm — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → who were with himאִתּֽוֹ׃’it·tōw — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study → did the sameוְגַ֥םwə·ḡam — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study →. 12They mournedוַֽיִּסְפְּדוּ֙way·yis·pə·ḏū — to mourn, lament, wailH5594 — Full Word Study → and weptוַיִּבְכּ֔וּway·yiḇ·kū — to weep, cry, shed tearsH1058 — Full Word Study → and fastedוַיָּצֻ֖מוּway·yā·ṣu·mū — to abstain from food; to fastH6684 — Full Word Study → untilעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → eveningהָעָ֑רֶבhā·‘ā·reḇ — Evening, the time of day when sun setsH6153 — Full Word Study → forעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֞וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → andוְעַל־wə·‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → his sonבְּנ֗וֹbə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָ֣ןyə·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study →, and for the peopleעַ֤ם‘am — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → and the houseבֵּ֣יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →, becauseכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → they had fallenנָפְל֖וּnā·p̄ə·lū — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → by the swordבֶּחָֽרֶב׃סbe·ḥā·reḇ — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study →. 13And Davidדָּוִ֗דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → inquiredוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → ofאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the young manהַנַּ֙עַר֙han·na·‘ar — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → who had brought him the reportהַמַּגִּ֣ידham·mag·gîḏ — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study →, “Whereאֵ֥י’ê — Where? How? What?H335 — Full Word Study → are you fromאָ֑תָּה’āt·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study →?” “I am the sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of a foreignerגֵּ֥רgêr — Resident alien; temporary inhabitant without full citizenship rightsH1616 — Full Word Study →,” he answeredוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “I amאָנֹֽכִי׃’ā·nō·ḵî — I, myself (first-person singular pronoun)H595 — Full Word Study → an Amalekiteעֲמָלֵקִ֖י‘ă·mā·lê·qî — Descendant of AmalekH6003 — Full Word Study →.” 14So Davidדָּוִ֑דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → askedוַיֹּ֥אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → himאֵלָ֖יו’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, “Whyאֵ֚יךְ’êḵ — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → were you notלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → afraidיָרֵ֔אתָyā·rê·ṯā — to fear, revere, or be afraidH3372 — Full Word Study → to liftלִשְׁלֹ֙חַ֙liš·lō·aḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → your handיָֽדְךָ֔yā·ḏə·ḵā — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → to destroyלְשַׁחֵ֖תlə·ša·ḥêṯ — to destroy, ruin, or corruptH7843 — Full Word Study → the LORD’sיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → anointedמְשִׁ֥יחַmə·šî·aḥ — Anointed one; chosen for divine serviceH4899 — Full Word Study →?” 15Then Davidדָוִ֗דḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → summonedוַיִּקְרָ֣אway·yiq·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → oneלְאַחַד֙lə·’a·ḥaḏ — One; unity; single; firstH259 — Full Word Study → of the young menמֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֔יםmê·han·nə·‘ā·rîm — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → and saidוַיֹּ֖אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Goגַּ֣שׁgaš — to draw near, approach, come closeH5066 — Full Word Study →, executeפְּגַע־pə·ḡa‘- — to meet, encounter, or intercedeH6293 — Full Word Study → him!” So the young man struck him down, and he diedוַיָּמֹֽת׃way·yā·mōṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →. 16For Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → had saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to the Amalekiteאֵלָיו֙’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, “Your bloodדָּמֶיךָdå̄·mɛ·ḵå̄ — blood; life force; bloodshed; guiltH1818 — Full Word Study → be on your own headרֹאשֶׁ֑ךָrō·še·ḵā — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study → becauseכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → your own mouthפִ֗יךָp̄î·ḵā — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study → has testifiedעָנָ֤ה‘ā·nāh — To answer, respond, or testifyH6030 — Full Word Study → against you, sayingלֵאמֹ֔רlê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘Iאָנֹכִ֥י’ā·nō·ḵî — I, myself (first-person singular pronoun)H595 — Full Word Study → killedמֹתַ֖תִּיmō·ṯat·tî — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → the LORD’sיְהוָֽה׃סYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → anointedמְשִׁ֥יחַmə·šî·aḥ — Anointed one; chosen for divine serviceH4899 — Full Word Study →.’” 17Then Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → took upוַיְקֹנֵ֣ןway·qō·nên — to lament, wail, chant a dirgeH6969 — Full Word Study → thisהַזֹּ֑אתhaz·zōṯ — This, that; demonstrative pronounH2063 — Full Word Study → lamentהַקִּינָ֖הhaq·qî·nāh — dirge, funeral lament, song of mourningH7015 — Full Word Study → forעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → and his sonבְּנֽוֹ׃bə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָ֥ןyə·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study →, 18and he orderedוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → that the sonsבְּנֵֽי־bə·nê- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Judahיְהוּדָ֖הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study → be taughtלְלַמֵּ֥דlə·lam·mêḏ — To learn; to teach; to become accustomedH3925 — Full Word Study → the Song of the Bow. It is writtenכְתוּבָ֖הḵə·ṯū·ḇāh — to write, inscribe, or record in written formH3789 — Full Word Study → inעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the Bookסֵ֥פֶרsê·p̄er — A written document, scroll, or bookH5612 — Full Word Study → of Jasharהַיָּשָֽׁר׃hay·yā·šār — upright, straight, righteous, justH3477 — Full Word Study →: 19Your gloryהַצְּבִי֙haṣ·ṣə·ḇî — Splendor, beauty, or gazelleH6643 — Full Word Study →, O Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →, lies slainחָלָ֑לḥā·lāl — to pierce through; to kill or slayH2491 — Full Word Study → onעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → your heightsבָּמוֹתֶ֖יךָbā·mō·w·ṯe·ḵā — High place; elevated worship siteH1116 — Full Word Study →. Howאֵ֖יךְ’êḵ — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → the mightyגִבּוֹרִֽים׃ḡib·bō·w·rîm — mighty man, warrior, strong heroH1368 — Full Word Study → have fallenנָפְל֥וּnā·p̄ə·lū — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study →! 20Tell it notאַל־’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → in Gathבְגַ֔תḇə·ḡaṯ — A Philistine cityH1661 — Full Word Study →; proclaim it notאַֽל־’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → in the streetsבְּחוּצֹ֣תbə·ḥū·ṣōṯ — Outside, exterior, or open space beyond a boundaryH2351 — Full Word Study → of Ashkelonאַשְׁקְל֑וֹן’aš·qə·lō·wn — A Philistine cityH831 — Full Word Study →, lestפֶּן־pen- — lest, that not, for fear thatH6435 — Full Word Study → the daughtersבְּנ֣וֹתbə·nō·wṯ — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study → of the Philistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםpə·liš·tîm — PhilistineH6430 — Full Word Study → rejoiceתִּשְׂמַ֙חְנָה֙tiś·maḥ·nāh — To rejoice, be glad, make merryH8055 — Full Word Study →, and the daughtersבְּנ֥וֹתbə·nō·wṯ — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study → of the uncircumcisedהָעֲרֵלִֽים׃hā·‘ă·rê·lîm — Uncircumcised; ritually unclean or spiritually unpreparedH6189 — Full Word Study → exultתַּעֲלֹ֖זְנָהta·‘ă·lō·zə·nāh — to exult, rejoice, triumphH5937 — Full Word Study →. 21O mountainsהָרֵ֣יhā·rê — Mountain, hill, or elevated land massH2022 — Full Word Study → of Gilboaבַגִּלְבֹּ֗עַḇag·gil·bō·a‘ — Hill of springsH1533 — Full Word Study →, may you haveעֲלֵיכֶ֖ם‘ă·lê·ḵem — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → noאַל־’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → dewטַ֧לṭal — dew; moisture from the skyH2919 — Full Word Study → or rainמָטָ֛רmā·ṭār — Rain; rainfall; precipitation from heavenH4306 — Full Word Study →, no fieldsוּשְׂדֵ֣יū·śə·ḏê — A field; cultivated or open landH7704 — Full Word Study → yielding offerings of grain. Forכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → thereשָׁ֤םšām — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study → the shieldמָגֵ֣ןmā·ḡên — Shield; protection, defenseH4043 — Full Word Study → of the mightyגִּבּוֹרִ֔יםgib·bō·w·rîm — mighty man, warrior, strong heroH1368 — Full Word Study → was defiledנִגְעַל֙niḡ·‘al — to abhor, reject with disgust, loathe intenselyH1602 — Full Word Study →, the shieldמָגֵ֣ןmā·ḡên — Shield; protection, defenseH4043 — Full Word Study → of Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →, no longerבְּלִ֖יbə·lî — without, lack of, absenceH1097 — Full Word Study → anointedמָשִׁ֥יחַmā·šî·aḥ — Anointed one; chosen for divine serviceH4899 — Full Word Study → with oilבַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃baš·šā·men — Oil; ointment; fat; luxuryH8081 — Full Word Study →. 22From the bloodמִדַּ֣םmid·dam — blood; life force; bloodshed; guiltH1818 — Full Word Study → of the slainחֲלָלִ֗יםḥă·lā·lîm — to pierce through; to kill or slayH2491 — Full Word Study →, from the fatמֵחֵ֙לֶב֙mê·ḥê·leḇ — Fat; the richest or best partH2459 — Full Word Study → of the mightyגִּבּוֹרִ֔יםgib·bō·w·rîm — mighty man, warrior, strong heroH1368 — Full Word Study →, the bowקֶ֚שֶׁתqe·šeṯ — bow (weapon); arcH7198 — Full Word Study → of Jonathanיְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ןyə·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study → did notלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → retreatנָשׂ֖וֹגnā·śō·wḡ — to turn back, retreat, withdrawH7734 — Full Word Study →, and the swordוְחֶ֣רֶבwə·ḥe·reḇ — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study → of Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → did notלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → returnתָשׁ֖וּבṯā·šūḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → emptyרֵיקָֽם׃rê·qām — emptily, in vain, without purposeH7387 — Full Word Study →. 23Saulשָׁא֣וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → and Jonathanוִיהוֹנָתָ֗ןwî·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study →, belovedהַנֶּאֱהָבִ֤יםhan·ne·’ĕ·hā·ḇîm — To love; affection, attachment, or preferenceH157 — Full Word Study → and delightfulוְהַנְּעִימִם֙wə·han·nə·‘î·mim — Pleasant, delightful, agreeableH5273 — Full Word Study → in lifeבְּחַיֵּיהֶ֔םbə·ḥay·yê·hem — alive, living, lifeH2416 — Full Word Study →, were notלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → dividedנִפְרָ֑דוּnip̄·rā·ḏū — to separate, divide, or disperseH6504 — Full Word Study → in deathוּבְמוֹתָ֖םū·ḇə·mō·w·ṯām — death, the state of being deadH4194 — Full Word Study →. They were swifterקַ֔לּוּqal·lū — to make light; to curse; to despiseH7043 — Full Word Study → than eaglesמִנְּשָׁרִ֣יםmin·nə·šā·rîm — Eagle; large bird of preyH5404 — Full Word Study →, they were strongerגָּבֵֽרוּ׃gā·ḇê·rū — to be strong, prevail, overcomeH1396 — Full Word Study → than lionsמֵאֲרָי֖וֹתmê·’ă·rā·yō·wṯ — A lion; fierce predatorH738 — Full Word Study →. 24O daughtersבְּנוֹת֙bə·nō·wṯ — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →, weepבְּכֶ֑ינָהbə·ḵe·nāh — to weep, cry, shed tearsH1058 — Full Word Study → forאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →, who clothed youהַמַּלְבִּֽשְׁכֶ֤םham·mal·biš·ḵem — To clothe, dress, or wear garmentsH3847 — Full Word Study → in scarletשָׁנִי֙šā·nî — Scarlet or crimson red dye/threadH8144 — Full Word Study → andעִם־‘im- — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → luxuryעֲדָנִ֔ים‘ă·ḏā·nîm — Pleasure, delight, luxury, or pleasantnessH5730 — Full Word Study →, who deckedהַֽמַּעֲלֶה֙ham·ma·‘ă·leh — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → your garmentsלְבוּשְׁכֶֽן׃lə·ḇū·šə·ḵen — Clothing, garment, or apparel worn on the bodyH3830 — Full Word Study → withעַ֖ל‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → ornamentsעֲדִ֣י‘ă·ḏî — Ornament, adornment, beauty, or excellenceH5716 — Full Word Study → of goldזָהָ֔בzā·hāḇ — Gold; precious metal; wealth and valueH2091 — Full Word Study →. 25Howאֵ֚יךְ’êḵ — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → the mightyגִבֹּרִ֔יםḡib·bō·rîm — mighty man, warrior, strong heroH1368 — Full Word Study → have fallenנָפְל֣וּnā·p̄ə·lū — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → in the thickבְּת֖וֹךְbə·ṯō·wḵ — midst, among, between, throughH8432 — Full Word Study → of battleהַמִּלְחָמָ֑הham·mil·ḥā·māh — Battle, warfare, combat, military conflictH4421 — Full Word Study →! Jonathanיְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ןyə·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study → lies slainחָלָֽל׃ḥā·lāl — to pierce through; to kill or slayH2491 — Full Word Study → onעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → your heightsבָּמוֹתֶ֖יךָbā·mō·w·ṯe·ḵā — High place; elevated worship siteH1116 — Full Word Study →. 26I grieveצַר־ṣar- — to bind, squeeze, or oppress; to distress or afflictH6887 — Full Word Study → for youעָלֶ֗יךָ‘ā·le·ḵā — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →, Jonathanיְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ןyə·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study →, my brotherאָחִי֙’ā·ḥî — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study →. You were delightfulנָעַ֥מְתָּnā·‘am·tā — to be pleasant, delightful, or agreeableH5276 — Full Word Study → to me; your loveאַהֲבָֽתְךָ֙’a·hă·ḇā·ṯə·ḵā — Love, affection, devotionH160 — Full Word Study → to me was extraordinaryנִפְלְאַ֤תָהnip̄·lə·’a·ṯāh — to be wonderful, perform miracles, do marvelous thingsH6381 — Full Word Study →, surpassing the loveמֵאַהֲבַ֖תmê·’a·hă·ḇaṯ — Love, affection, devotionH160 — Full Word Study → of womenנָשִֽׁים׃nā·šîm — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study →. 27Howאֵ֚יךְ’êḵ — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → the mightyגִבּוֹרִ֔יםḡib·bō·w·rîm — mighty man, warrior, strong heroH1368 — Full Word Study → have fallenנָפְל֣וּnā·p̄ə·lū — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → and the weaponsכְּלֵ֥יkə·lê — vessel, instrument, or article of useH3627 — Full Word Study → of warמִלְחָמָֽה׃פmil·ḥā·māh — Battle, warfare, combat, military conflictH4421 — Full Word Study → have perishedוַיֹּאבְד֖וּway·yō·ḇə·ḏū — To perish, be destroyed, or lostH6 — Full Word Study →!”
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Chapter Commentary — 2 Samuel 1
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Second Samuel chapter 1 marks a pivotal moment in Israel's history and David's life. The reign of King Saul has ended in tragic defeat at Mount Gilboa, and David—the man God has chosen to be the next king—receives news of this watershed event. Rather than celebrating the death of his rival, David demonstrates profound spiritual maturity, genuine grief, and deep reverence for God's anointed king. This chapter reveals David's character through his response to both personal loss (his friend Jonathan) and national tragedy, culminating in one of Scripture's most beautiful and poignant funeral laments.

Verses 1–5: The Messenger Arrives

David has just returned victorious from defeating the Amalekites (as recorded in 1 Samuel 30) and is resting in Ziklag when an urgent messenger arrives with torn clothes and dirt on his head—signs of extreme grief and urgency (vv. 1–2). The man falls before David in obeisance, indicating David's recognized status as a leader. When David inquires about the news, the messenger delivers the stunning report: Israel's army has fled the battle, many soldiers are dead, and most significantly, King Saul and Jonathan are dead (vv. 3–4).

Note: David's immediate question in verse 5 ("How knowest thou?") shows his discernment. He does not accept the report uncritically but seeks verification—a mark of wise leadership.

Verses 6–10: The Amalekite's Account

The messenger claims he happened upon Mount Gilboa and found Saul wounded and desperate. According to this account, Saul requested the Amalekite to kill him as an act of mercy, which the young man did. He then took Saul's crown and bracelet as trophies (vv. 6–10). This story, whether entirely truthful or embellished, becomes crucial to what follows. The Amalekite apparently expects a reward for this deed, not realizing he has made a fatal misjudgment about David's values.

Verses 11–12: David's Genuine Grief

David's response is immediate and authentic: he tears his clothes and leads all his men in mourning (v. 11). They fast and weep not only for Saul but also for Jonathan, for all the soldiers who fell, and for Israel itself (v. 12). This is no political calculation. David grieves a fallen king—even his rival—with genuine sorrow for the nation's loss. His respect for God's anointed is so deep that it transcends personal ambition.

Verses 13–16: Justice and Conviction

David then questions the messenger more pointedly, discovering he is an Amalekite—ironically, from the very nation Israel was called to fight. David's rebuke cuts to the heart: "How wast thou not afraid to stretch forth thine hand to destroy the LORD's anointed?" (v. 14). The messenger's own testimony condemns him. Though he may have intended to honor David by removing a rival, David recognizes that slaying the Lord's anointed—regardless of circumstances—is a grave transgression. David orders the man's execution (vv. 15–16), demonstrating that God's kingship and God's anointed must be respected even in defeat and death.

Verses 17–27: The Lament

David composes a beautiful funeral elegy over Saul and Jonathan. The refrain "how are the mighty fallen" (vv. 19, 25, 27) underscores the tragedy. David particularly honors Jonathan, his beloved friend, calling his love "wonderful, passing the love of women" (v. 26). This is genuine, unguarded friendship. Throughout the lament, David celebrates their martial prowess, their dignity, and their bond, mourning their loss without self-serving commentary.

Application for Today

David's response teaches modern believers the importance of honoring authority and maintaining integrity even when circumstances might justify compromise. His grief over enemies demonstrates Christian maturity—the ability to mourn national tragedy, honor worthy opponents, and value human life beyond personal advantage. In an age of political tribalism and vindictiveness, David's example reminds us that reverence for God's order transcends worldly success. True greatness is measured not by seizing power but by showing mercy, respecting others' dignity, and maintaining a tender heart toward those we lose.

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