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Hosea 1

BSB·11 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1This is the word of the LORDיְהוָ֣ה׀Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → cameהָיָ֗הhā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Hoseaהוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙hō·wō·šê·a‘ — God savesH1954 — Full Word Study → sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Beeriבְּאֵרִ֔יbə·’ê·rî — A well ownerH882 — Full Word Study → in the daysבִּימֵ֨יbî·mê — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of Uzziahעֻזִּיָּ֥ה‘uz·zî·yāh — Yahweh is My StrengthH5818 — Full Word Study →, Jothamיוֹתָ֛םyō·w·ṯām — Yahweh is perfectH3147 — Full Word Study →, Ahazאָחָ֥ז’ā·ḥāz — He has graspedH271 — Full Word Study →, and Hezekiahיְחִזְקִיָּ֖הyə·ḥiz·qî·yāh — God strengthensH3169 — Full Word Study →, kingsמַלְכֵ֣יmal·ḵê — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → of Judahיְהוּדָ֑הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study →, and of Jeroboamיָרָבְעָ֥םyā·rā·ḇə·‘ām — The Lord EnlargesH3379 — Full Word Study → sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Jehoashיוֹאָ֖שׁyō·w·’āš — Yahweh Has GivenH3101 — Full Word Study →, kingמֶ֥לֶךְme·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →. 2When the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → firstתְּחִלַּ֥תtə·ḥil·laṯ — beginning, first occurrence, initial timeH8462 — Full Word Study → spokeדִּבֶּר־dib·ber- — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → through Hoseaבְּהוֹשֵׁ֑עַ פbə·hō·šē·aʿ p̄ — God savesH1954 — Full Word Study →, Heיְהוָ֜הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → toldוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → himהוֹשֵׁ֗עַhō·wō·šê·a‘ — God savesH1954 — Full Word Study →, “Goלֵ֣ךְlêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study →, takeקַח־qaḥ- — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → a prostituteזְנוּנִים֙zə·nū·nîm — Sexual immorality; fornication; whoredomH2183 — Full Word Study → as your wifeאֵ֤שֶׁת’ê·šeṯ — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study → and have childrenוְיַלְדֵ֣יwə·yal·ḏê — Child, boy, or young person; offspringH3206 — Full Word Study → of adulteryזְנוּנִ֔יםzə·nū·nîm — Sexual immorality; fornication; whoredomH2183 — Full Word Study →, becauseכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → this landהָאָ֔רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → is flagrantly prostituting itselfזָנֹ֤הzā·nōh — to commit sexual immorality; to act as a harlot or prostituteH2181 — Full Word Study → by departing from the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →.” 3So Hosea went and marriedוַיִּקַּ֔חway·yiq·qaḥ — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → Gomerגֹּ֖מֶרgō·mer — Completion, fullnessH1586 — Full Word Study → daughterבַּת־baṯ- — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study → of Diblaimדִּבְלָ֑יִםdiḇ·lā·yim — Two figs or raisin cakesH1691 — Full Word Study →, and she conceivedוַתַּ֥הַרwat·ta·har — to conceive, become pregnantH2029 — Full Word Study → and boreוַתֵּֽלֶד־wat·tê·leḏ- — to give birth, beget, or bear a childH3205 — Full Word Study → him a sonבֵּֽן׃bên — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →. 4Then the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to Hosea, “Name himקְרָ֥אqə·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → Jezreelיִזְרְעֶ֑אלyiz·rə·‘el — God scatters or God sowsH3157 — Full Word Study →, forכִּי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → soonע֣וֹד‘ō·wḏ — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study → I will bringוּפָ֨קַדְתִּ֜יū·p̄ā·qaḏ·tî — to visit, oversee, appoint, care forH6485 — Full Word Study → the bloodshedדְּמֵ֤יdə·mê — blood; life force; bloodshed; guiltH1818 — Full Word Study → of Jezreelיִזְרְעֶאל֙yiz·rə·‘el — God scatters or God sowsH3157 — Full Word Study → uponעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the houseבֵּ֣יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → of Jehuיֵה֔וּאyê·hū — Yahweh is HeH3058 — Full Word Study →, and I will put an endוְהִ֨שְׁבַּתִּ֔יwə·hiš·bat·tî — to cease, rest, or desist from laborH7673 — Full Word Study → to the kingdomמַמְלְכ֖וּתmam·lə·ḵūṯ — Kingdom; royal dominion or reignH4468 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →. 5Andוְהָיָ֖הwə·hā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → on thatהַה֑וּאha·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → I will breakוְשָֽׁבַרְתִּי֙wə·šā·ḇar·tî — to break, shatter, crushH7665 — Full Word Study → the bowקֶ֣שֶׁתqe·šeṯ — bow (weapon); arcH7198 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → in the Valleyבְּעֵ֖מֶקbə·‘ê·meq — ValleyH6010 — Full Word Study → of Jezreelיִזְרְעֶֽאל׃yiz·rə·‘el — God scatters or God sowsH3157 — Full Word Study →.” 6Gomer again conceivedוַתַּ֤הַרwat·ta·har — to conceive, become pregnantH2029 — Full Word Study → and gave birth toוַתֵּ֣לֶדwat·tê·leḏ — to give birth, beget, or bear a childH3205 — Full Word Study → a daughterבַּ֔תbaṯ — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study →, and the LORD said to Hosea, “Nameקְרָ֥אqə·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → herשְׁמָ֖הּšə·māh — Name; reputation; renownH8034 — Full Word Study → Lo-ruhamahרֻחָ֑מָהru·ḥā·māh — No Mercy; Without CompassionH3819 — Full Word Study →, forכִּי֩kî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I will noלֹ֨אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → longerאוֹסִ֜יף’ō·w·sîp̄ — to add, increase, or do againH3254 — Full Word Study → have compassionאֲרַחֵם֙’ă·ra·ḥêm — to have compassion, show mercyH7355 — Full Word Study → on the houseבֵּ֣יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →, thatכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I should ever forgiveנָשֹׂ֥אnā·śō — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study → them. 7Yetוְאֶת־wə·’eṯ- — direct object marker; signs accusative caseH853 — Full Word Study → I will have compassionאֲרַחֵ֔ם’ă·ra·ḥêm — to have compassion, show mercyH7355 — Full Word Study → on the houseבֵּ֤יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → of Judahיְהוּדָה֙yə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study →, and I will save themוְהֽוֹשַׁעְתִּ֖יםwə·hō·wō·ša‘·tîm — To deliver, rescue, or save from dangerH3467 — Full Word Study →notוְלֹ֣אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → by bowבְּקֶ֤שֶׁתbə·qe·šeṯ — bow (weapon); arcH7198 — Full Word Study → or swordוּבְחֶ֙רֶב֙ū·ḇə·ḥe·reḇ — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study → or warוּבְמִלְחָמָ֔הū·ḇə·mil·ḥā·māh — Battle, warfare, combat, military conflictH4421 — Full Word Study →, not by horsesבְּסוּסִ֖יםbə·sū·sîm — horse; swift creatureH5483 — Full Word Study → and cavalryוּבְפָרָשִֽׁים׃ū·ḇə·p̄ā·rā·šîm — Horseman; cavalry soldier or mounted warriorH6571 — Full Word Study →, but by the LORDבַּיהוָ֣הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → their Godאֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֑ם’ĕ·lō·hê·hem — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study →.” 8After she had weanedוַתִּגְמֹ֖לwat·tiḡ·mōl — To deal bountifully; to ripen or mature; to repay or rewardH1580 — Full Word Study → Lo-ruhamahרֻחָ֑מָהru·ḥā·māh — No Mercy; Without CompassionH3819 — Full Word Study →, Gomer conceived and gave birth toוַתֵּ֥לֶדwat·tê·leḏ — to give birth, beget, or bear a childH3205 — Full Word Study → a sonבֵּֽן׃bên — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →. 9And the LORD said, “Nameקְרָ֥אqə·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → himשְׁמ֖וֹšə·mōw — Name; reputation; renownH8034 — Full Word Study → Lo-ammiעַמִּ֑י‘am·mî — Lo-ammi; Not My PeopleH3818 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֤יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → youאַתֶּם֙’at·tem — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → are notלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → My peopleעַמִּ֔י‘am·mî — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study →, and Iוְאָנֹכִ֖יwə·’ā·nō·ḵî — I, myself (first-person singular pronoun)H595 — Full Word Study → am notלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → your Godאֶהְיֶ֥ה’eh·yeh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study →. 10Yet the numberמִסְפַּ֤רmis·par — number, count, enumerationH4557 — Full Word Study → of the Israelitesיִשְׂרָאֵל֙yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → will beוְֽ֠הָיָהwə·hā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → like the sandכְּח֣וֹלkə·ḥō·wl — Sand; fine granules of rock or mineral matterH2344 — Full Word Study → of the seaהַיָּ֔םhay·yām — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study →, whichאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → cannotלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → be measuredיִמַּ֖דyim·maḏ — to measure, extend, or stretch outH4058 — Full Word Study → or countedיִסָּפֵ֑רyis·sā·p̄êr — To count, record, or declareH5608 — Full Word Study →. And it will happen thatוְֽ֠הָיָהwə·hā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → in the very place whereאֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer- — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → it was saidיֵאָמֵ֤רyê·’ā·mêr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to them, ‘Youאַתֶּ֔ם’at·tem — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → are not My peopleעַמִּ֣י‘am·mî — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study →,’ they will be calledיֵאָמֵ֥רyê·’ā·mêr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →sonsבְּנֵ֥יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of the livingחָֽי׃ḥāy — alive, living, lifeH2416 — Full Word Study → Godאֵֽל־’êl- — God, Mighty OneH410 — Full Word Study →.’ 11Then the peopleבְּנֵֽי־bə·nê- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Judahיְהוּדָ֤הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study → and of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → will be gatheredוְ֠נִקְבְּצוּwə·niq·bə·ṣū — to gather, assemble, or collect togetherH6908 — Full Word Study → togetherיַחְדָּ֔וyaḥ·dāw — together, united, as oneH3162 — Full Word Study →, and they will appointוְשָׂמ֥וּwə·śā·mū — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → for themselves oneאֶחָ֖ד’e·ḥāḏ — One; unity; single; firstH259 — Full Word Study → leaderרֹ֥אשׁrōš — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study →, and will go upוְעָל֣וּwə·‘ā·lū — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → outמִן־min- — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → of the landהָאָ֑רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →. Forכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → great will be the dayי֥וֹםyō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of Jezreelיִזְרְעֶֽאל׃yiz·rə·‘el — God scatters or God sowsH3157 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Hosea 1
Chapter Overview

Overview

Hosea chapter 1 introduces us to one of Scripture's most remarkable and painful object lessons. The prophet Hosea is commanded by God to marry Gomer, a woman who will be unfaithful, and to have children who will bear names signifying God's judgment upon Israel. Through this lived-out parable, God communicates the spiritual adultery of His covenant people—they have abandoned Him for idols, yet His ultimate plan is restoration and mercy. This chapter sets the stage for the entire book: judgment is real and coming, but God's covenant love will ultimately triumph.

Verses 1: Historical Setting

Hosea's ministry is carefully dated to the reigns of specific kings of both Judah and Israel (Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah in Judah; Jeroboam II in Israel). This historical anchoring reminds us that God speaks into real circumstances. Hosea prophesied during a time of relative prosperity in Israel under Jeroboam II, yet spiritual decay was rampant. The nation was thriving materially but dying spiritually—a sobering reminder that outward blessing can mask inward corruption.

Verse 2: The Shocking Command

God commands Hosea to marry "a wife of whoredoms." This is intentionally provocative language. God is not commanding sin but rather asking His servant to enact a living parable of Israel's infidelity. The phrase "children of whoredoms" likely means children born into or resulting from such a relationship. The reason is given clearly: "the land hath committed great whoredom, departing from the LORD." Israel's spiritual adultery—their pursuit of false gods and abandonment of covenant faithfulness—is the parallel to the marital unfaithfulness Hosea will experience. God identifies with the pain of a betrayed husband to awaken Israel to the gravity of their sin.

Verses 3-5: The First Child—Judgment Named

Hosea obeys and marries Gomer, daughter of Diblaim. Their first son is named Jezreel, meaning "God sows." This name carries double significance: Jezreel was the valley where Jehu had executed the royal house of Ahab (2 Kings 10), and it was also the site of significant military conflict. God announces through this name that judgment is coming—He will "avenge the blood of Jezreel" and end the kingdom of Israel. The symbolic breaking of Israel's bow (verse 5) represents military defeat and the end of their independence. This is not arbitrary cruelty but covenant consequence: a nation that turns from God will experience the withdrawal of His protection.

Verses 6-7: The Second Child and a Glimmer of Hope

The second child, a daughter, is named Loruhamah—"not pitied" or "no mercy." God declares that the northern kingdom will receive no more mercy and will be utterly taken away. However, verse 7 introduces a crucial turn: Judah (the southern kingdom) will receive mercy and be saved—not by military might ("bow, nor by sword, nor by battle") but by the LORD their God. This distinction is vital: even in judgment, God distinguishes between those who remain faithful and those who do not. Judah's deliverance will come through divine grace, not human strength.

Verses 8-11: The Third Child and Ultimate Restoration

The third son is named Loammi—"not my people." God declares that Israel is no longer His covenant people, and He will not be their God. Yet immediately, a stunning reversal appears in verse 10: "the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea," and in the place where they were called "not my people," they shall be called "sons of the living God." This is ultimate restoration. Verses 10-11 leap forward prophetically to a future gathering and reunion of Israel and Judah under one head. What seems like final rejection becomes the prelude to greater blessing than before.

Application for Today

Hosea 1 teaches us that God takes covenant faithfulness seriously and that unfaithfulness brings real consequences—but never the final word. If you have drifted from God, know that repentance is always possible. God's judgments are designed to awaken us, not to destroy us finally. For the faithful, this chapter assures us that God's mercy ultimately overcomes His wrath, and His redemptive purposes cannot be thwarted.

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