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Lamentations 1

BSB·22 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Howאֵיכָ֣ה׀’ê·ḵāh — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → lonelyבָדָ֗דḇā·ḏāḏ — Alone, solitary, isolationH910 — Full Word Study → liesיָשְׁבָ֣הyā·šə·ḇāh — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → the cityהָעִיר֙hā·‘îr — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study →, once so fullרַבָּ֣תִיrab·bā·ṯî — great, many, abundant, mightyH7227 — Full Word Study → of peopleעָ֔ם‘ām — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study →! She who was greatרַּבָּ֣תִיrab·bå̄·ṯī — great, many, abundant, mightyH7227 — Full Word Study → among the nationsבַגּוֹיִ֗םḇag·gō·w·yim — Nation; a people or ethnic groupH1471 — Full Word Study → has becomeהָיְתָ֖הhā·yə·ṯāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → a widowכְּאַלְמָנָ֑הkə·’al·mā·nāh — A woman whose husband has died; widowH490 — Full Word Study →. The princessשָׂרָ֙תִי֙śā·rā·ṯî — princess, queen, or noblewoman of rankH8282 — Full Word Study → of the provincesבַּמְּדִינ֔וֹתbam·mə·ḏî·nō·wṯ — province; administrative districtH4082 — Full Word Study → has becomeהָיְתָ֖הhā·yə·ṯāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → a slaveלָמַֽס׃סlā·mas — Forced labor, taskmaster, or tribute-bearerH4522 — Full Word Study →. 2She weeps aloudבָּכ֨וֹbā·ḵōw — to weep, cry, shed tearsH1058 — Full Word Study → in the nightבַּלַּ֗יְלָהbal·lay·lāh — Night, darkness, the period of darknessH3915 — Full Word Study →, with tearsוְדִמְעָתָהּ֙wə·ḏim·‘ā·ṯāh — tears, weepingH1832 — Full Word Study → uponעַ֣ל‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → her cheeksלֶֽחֱיָ֔הּle·ḥĕ·yāh — jawboneH3895 — Full Word Study →. Among allמִכָּל־mik·kāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → her loversאֹהֲבֶ֑יהָ’ō·hă·ḇe·hā — To love; affection, attachment, or preferenceH157 — Full Word Study → there is no oneאֵֽין־’ên- — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → to comfort her. Allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → her friendsרֵעֶ֙יהָ֙rê·‘e·hā — neighbor, friend, companion, associateH7453 — Full Word Study → have betrayedבָּ֣גְדוּbā·ḡə·ḏū — To act treacherously; betray or deal unfaithfullyH898 — Full Word Study → her; they have becomeהָ֥יוּhā·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → her enemiesלְאֹיְבִֽים׃סlə·’ō·yə·ḇîm — Enemy; adversary; one who opposesH341 — Full Word Study →. 3Judahיְהוּדָ֤הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study → has gone into exileגָּֽלְתָ֨הgā·lə·ṯāh — HeglamH1540 — Full Word Study → under afflictionמֵעֹ֙נִי֙mê·‘ō·nî — affliction, distress, troubleH6040 — Full Word Study → and harshוּמֵרֹ֣בū·mê·rōḇ — Abundance, multitude, or great quantityH7230 — Full Word Study → slaveryעֲבֹדָ֔ה‘ă·ḇō·ḏāh — Work, service, labor, or toilH5656 — Full Word Study →; sheהִ֚יאhî — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → dwellsיָשְׁבָ֣הyā·šə·ḇāh — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → among the nationsבַגּוֹיִ֔םḇag·gō·w·yim — Nation; a people or ethnic groupH1471 — Full Word Study → but findsמָצְאָ֖הmā·ṣə·’āh — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → noלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → place to restמָנ֑וֹחַmā·nō·w·aḥ — Rest, resting place, or peaceH4494 — Full Word Study →. Allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → her pursuersרֹדְפֶ֥יהָrō·ḏə·p̄e·hā — to pursue, chase, or persecuteH7291 — Full Word Study → have overtaken herהִשִּׂיג֖וּהָhiś·śî·ḡū·hā — to overtake, reach, attain, graspH5381 — Full Word Study → in the midstבֵּ֥יןbên — between, among, in the midst ofH996 — Full Word Study → of her distressהַמְּצָרִֽים׃סham·mə·ṣā·rîm — Narrow place, distress, or troubleH4712 — Full Word Study →. 4The roadsדַּרְכֵ֨יdar·ḵê — way, path, journey, conductH1870 — Full Word Study → to Zionצִיּ֜וֹןṣî·yō·wn — The Lord's MountainH6726 — Full Word Study → mournאֲבֵל֗וֹת’ă·ḇê·lō·wṯ — mourning, lamentation, griefH57 — Full Word Study →, because no oneמִבְּלִי֙mib·bə·lî — without, lack of, absenceH1097 — Full Word Study → comesבָּאֵ֣יbā·’ê — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → to her appointed feastsמוֹעֵ֔דmō·w·‘êḏ — appointed time; solemn assemblyH4150 — Full Word Study →. Allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → her gatesשְׁעָרֶ֙יהָ֙šə·‘ā·re·hā — Gate; entrance to a city or enclosureH8179 — Full Word Study → are desertedשֽׁוֹמֵמִ֔יןšō·w·mê·mîn — to be desolate; to be appalled; to lie wasteH8074 — Full Word Study →; her priestsכֹּהֲנֶ֖יהָkō·hă·ne·hā — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study → groanנֶאֱנָחִ֑יםne·’ĕ·nā·ḥîm — to sigh, groan, or lamentH584 — Full Word Study →, her maidensבְּתוּלֹתֶ֥יהָbə·ṯū·lō·ṯe·hā — A young woman or virgin; an unmarried girlH1330 — Full Word Study → grieveנּוּג֖וֹתnū·ḡōṯ — To cause suffering, grieve, or vexH3013 — Full Word Study →, and she herselfוְהִ֥יאwə·hî — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → is bitter with anguishמַר־mar- — Bitter; marked by anguish or grievingH4751 — Full Word Study →. 5Her foesצָרֶ֤יהָṣā·re·hā — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study → have becomeהָי֨וּhā·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → her mastersלְרֹאשׁ֙lə·rōš — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study →; her enemiesאֹיְבֶ֣יהָ’ō·yə·ḇe·hā — Enemy; adversary; one who opposesH341 — Full Word Study → are at easeשָׁל֔וּšā·lū — to rest, be at ease, prosper in safetyH7951 — Full Word Study →. Forכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֥הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → has brought her griefהוֹגָ֖הּhō·w·ḡāh — To cause suffering, grieve, or vexH3013 — Full Word Study → because ofעַ֣ל‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → her manyרֹב־rōḇ- — Abundance, multitude, or great quantityH7230 — Full Word Study → transgressionsפְּשָׁעֶ֑יהָpə·šā·‘e·hā — Willful rebellion or transgression against God's lawH6588 — Full Word Study →. Her childrenעוֹלָלֶ֛יהָ‘ō·w·lā·le·hā — Infant, young child, babeH5768 — Full Word Study → have gone awayהָלְכ֥וּhā·lə·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → as captivesשְׁבִ֖יšə·ḇî — captivity, exile, or the captured/enslaved peopleH7628 — Full Word Study → beforeלִפְנֵי־lip̄·nê- — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → the enemyצָֽר׃סṣār — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study →. 6Allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the splendorהֲדָרָ֑הּhă·ḏā·rāh — Glory, majesty, splendor, honorH1926 — Full Word Study → has departedוַיֵּצֵ֥אway·yê·ṣê — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → fromמִן־min- — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → the Daughterבַּתbaṯ — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study → of Zionצִיּ֖וֹןṣî·yō·wn — The Lord's MountainH6726 — Full Word Study →. Her princesשָׂרֶ֗יהָśā·re·hā — Ruler, leader, or one in authorityH8269 — Full Word Study → areהָי֣וּhā·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → like deerכְּאַיָּלִים֙kə·’ay·yā·lîm — Male deer; hart; stagH354 — Full Word Study → that findמָצְא֣וּmā·ṣə·’ū — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → noלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → pastureמִרְעֶ֔הmir·‘eh — Pasture, feeding place for livestockH4829 — Full Word Study →; they lackבְלֹא־ḇə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → the strengthכֹ֖חַḵō·aḥ — Strength, power, might, or abilityH3581 — Full Word Study → to fleeוַיֵּלְכ֥וּway·yê·lə·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → in the face ofלִפְנֵ֥יlip̄·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → the hunterרוֹדֵֽף׃סrō·w·ḏêp̄ — to pursue, chase, or persecuteH7291 — Full Word Study →. 7In the daysיְמֵ֤יyə·mê — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of her afflictionעָנְיָהּ֙‘ā·nə·yāh — affliction, distress, troubleH6040 — Full Word Study → and wanderingוּמְרוּדֶ֔יהָū·mə·rū·ḏe·hā — Wandering, homelessness, restlessnessH4788 — Full Word Study → Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֗םyə·rū·šā·lim — City of peaceH3389 — Full Word Study → remembersזָֽכְרָ֣הzā·ḵə·rāh — to remember, recall, or mentionH2142 — Full Word Study → allכֹּ֚לkōl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the treasuresמַחֲמֻדֶ֔יהָma·ḥă·mu·ḏe·hā — desirable thing; object of delightH4262 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → were hersהָי֖וּhā·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → in daysמִ֣ימֵיmî·mê — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of oldקֶ֑דֶםqe·ḏem — East; ancient times; beforeH6924 — Full Word Study →. When her peopleעַמָּ֣הּ‘am·māh — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → fellבִּנְפֹ֧לbin·p̄ōl — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → into enemyצָ֗רṣār — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study → handsבְּיַד־bə·yaḏ- — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → she received noוְאֵ֤יןwə·’ên — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → helpעוֹזֵר֙‘ō·w·zêr — to help, aid, supportH5826 — Full Word Study →. Her enemiesצָרִ֔יםṣā·rîm — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study → looked upon herרָא֣וּהָrā·’ū·hā — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study →, laughingשָׂחֲק֖וּśā·ḥă·qū — to laugh, mock, or make sportH7832 — Full Word Study → atעַ֥ל‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → her downfallמִשְׁבַּתֶּֽהָ׃סmiš·bat·te·hā — Rest, cessation from labor, the Sabbath dayH4868 — Full Word Study →. 8Jerusalemיְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔םyə·rū·šā·lim — City of peaceH3389 — Full Word Study → has sinned greatlyחֵ֤טְאḥêṭ — sin, transgression, or guiltH2399 — Full Word Study →; thereforeעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → she has becomeהָיָ֑תָהhā·yā·ṯāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → an object of scornלְנִידָ֣הlə·nî·ḏāh — Filth; refuse; excrement; spiritual uncleannessH5206 — Full Word Study →. Allכָּֽל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → who honored herמְכַבְּדֶ֤יהָmə·ḵab·bə·ḏe·hā — to honor, glorify, or make heavy/weightyH3513 — Full Word Study → now despise herהִזִּיל֙וּהָ֙hiz·zî·lū·hā — to lavish; to despise; to hold lightlyH2107 — Full Word Study →, forכִּי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → they have seenרָא֣וּrā·’ū — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → her nakednessעֶרְוָתָ֔הּ‘er·wā·ṯāh — nakedness, shame, exposed vulnerabilityH6172 — Full Word Study →; she herselfהִ֥יאhî — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → groansנֶאֶנְחָ֖הne·’en·ḥāh — to sigh, groan, or lamentH584 — Full Word Study → and turnsוַתָּ֥שָׁבwat·tā·šāḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → awayאָחֽוֹר׃ס’ā·ḥō·wr — back, behind, rear; afterward, futureH268 — Full Word Study →. 9Her uncleannessטֻמְאָתָ֣הּṭum·’ā·ṯāh — Uncleanness, impurity, filthH2932 — Full Word Study → stains her skirtsבְּשׁוּלֶ֗יהָbə·šū·le·hā — hem, border, or edge of a garmentH7757 — Full Word Study →; she did notלֹ֤אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → considerזָֽכְרָה֙zā·ḵə·rāh — to remember, recall, or mentionH2142 — Full Word Study → her endאַחֲרִיתָ֔הּ’a·ḥă·rî·ṯāh — End, latter time, final outcomeH319 — Full Word Study →. Her downfallוַתֵּ֣רֶדwat·tê·reḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → was astoundingפְּלָאִ֔יםpə·lā·’îm — Wonder, marvel, or miraculous thingH6382 — Full Word Study →; there was no oneאֵ֥ין’ên — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → to comfortמְנַחֵ֖םmə·na·ḥêm — to comfort, console, or show compassion; to repent or change one's mindH5162 — Full Word Study → her. Lookרְאֵ֤הrə·’êh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study →, O LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →, on my afflictionעָנְיִ֔י‘ā·nə·yî — affliction, distress, troubleH6040 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → the enemyאוֹיֵֽב׃ס’ō·w·yêḇ — Enemy; adversary; one who opposesH341 — Full Word Study → has triumphedהִגְדִּ֖ילhiḡ·dîl — to grow, become great, magnifyH1431 — Full Word Study →! 10The adversaryצָ֔רṣār — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study → has seizedיָדוֹ֙yā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → her treasuresמַחֲמַדֶּ֑יהָma·ḥă·mad·de·hā — Something desired or precious; an object of delightH4261 — Full Word Study →. Forכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → she has seenרָאֲתָ֤הrā·’ă·ṯāh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the nationsגוֹיִם֙ḡō·w·yim — Nation; a people or ethnic groupH1471 — Full Word Study → enterבָּ֣אוּbā·’ū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → her sanctuaryמִקְדָּשָׁ֔הּmiq·dā·šāh — Sanctuary, holy place of worshipH4720 — Full Word Study →thoseאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → You had forbiddenצִוִּ֔יתָהṣiw·wî·ṯāh — to command, order, or appoint with authorityH6680 — Full Word Study → to enterיָבֹ֥אוּyā·ḇō·’ū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → Your assemblyבַקָּהָ֖לḇaq·qā·hāl — Assembly, congregation, gathering of peopleH6951 — Full Word Study →. 11Allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → her peopleעַמָּ֤הּ‘am·māh — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → groanנֶאֱנָחִים֙ne·’ĕ·nā·ḥîm — to sigh, groan, or lamentH584 — Full Word Study → as they searchמְבַקְּשִׁ֣יםmə·ḇaq·qə·šîm — To seek, search for, or request earnestlyH1245 — Full Word Study → for breadלֶ֔חֶםle·ḥem — Bread; food; sustenanceH3899 — Full Word Study →. They have tradedנָתְנ֧וּnā·ṯə·nū — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → their treasuresמַחֲמוֹדֵּיהֶםma·ḥă·mōd·dē·hɛm — desirable thing; object of delightH4262 — Full Word Study → for foodבְּאֹ֖כֶלbə·’ō·ḵel — Food; that which is eatenH400 — Full Word Study → to keep themselves aliveלְהָשִׁ֣יבlə·hā·šîḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study →. Lookרְאֵ֤הrə·’êh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study →, O LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →, and considerוְֽהַבִּ֔יטָהwə·hab·bî·ṭāh — To look upon, regard, or behold with attentionH5027 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I have becomeהָיִ֖יתִיhā·yî·ṯî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → despisedזוֹלֵלָֽה׃סzō·w·lê·lāh — to shake violently; to act wastefully or immorallyH2151 — Full Word Study →. 12Is this nothingל֣וֹאlō·w — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → to youאֲלֵיכֶם֮’ă·lê·ḵem — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → you who pass byעֹ֣בְרֵי‘ō·ḇə·rê — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study →? Look aroundהַבִּ֣יטוּhab·bî·ṭū — To look upon, regard, or behold with attentionH5027 — Full Word Study → and seeוּרְא֗וּū·rə·’ū — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study →! Is thereיֵ֤שׁyêš — there is, exists, has beingH3426 — Full Word Study → any sorrowמַכְאוֹב֙maḵ·’ō·wḇ — Physical or emotional pain; anguishH4341 — Full Word Study → like mineכְּמַכְאֹבִ֔יkə·maḵ·’ō·ḇî — Physical or emotional pain; anguishH4341 — Full Word Study →, whichאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → was inflictedעוֹלַ֖ל‘ō·w·lal — to glean; to work thoroughly; to maltreat or abuseH5953 — Full Word Study → on me, whichאֲשֶׁר֙’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → made me sufferהוֹגָ֣הhō·w·ḡāh — To cause suffering, grieve, or vexH3013 — Full Word Study → on the dayבְּי֖וֹםbə·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of His fierceחֲר֥וֹןḥă·rō·wn — Burning anger, fierce wrathH2740 — Full Word Study → angerאַפּֽוֹ׃ס’ap·pōw — Anger, wrath, face, or noseH639 — Full Word Study →? 13He sentשָֽׁלַח־šā·laḥ- — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → fireאֵ֥שׁ’êš — Fire; flame; burningH784 — Full Word Study → from on highמִמָּר֛וֹםmim·mā·rō·wm — Height, high place, or exaltationH4791 — Full Word Study →, and it overpoweredוַיִּרְדֶּ֑נָּהway·yir·den·nāh — To rule, reign, or exercise dominion overH7287 — Full Word Study → my bonesבְּעַצְמֹתַ֖יbə·‘aṣ·mō·ṯay — bone; body; substance; strengthH6106 — Full Word Study →. He spreadפָּרַ֨שׂpā·raś — to spread, stretch out, or extendH6566 — Full Word Study → a netרֶ֤שֶׁתre·šeṯ — Net; mesh; network; trapH7568 — Full Word Study → for my feetלְרַגְלַי֙lə·raḡ·lay — Foot; by extension, journey, way, or standingH7272 — Full Word Study → and turned meהֱשִׁיבַ֣נִיhĕ·šî·ḇa·nî — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → backאָח֔וֹר’ā·ḥō·wr — back, behind, rear; afterward, futureH268 — Full Word Study →. He made meנְתָנַ֙נִי֙nə·ṯā·na·nî — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → desolateשֹֽׁמֵמָ֔הšō·mê·māh — to be devastated, laid waste, desolateH8076 — Full Word Study →, faintדָּוָֽה׃סdā·wāh — to be sick, ill, or faintH1739 — Full Word Study → allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the day longהַיּ֖וֹםhay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →. 14My transgressionsפְּשָׁעַ֜יpə·šā·‘ay — Willful rebellion or transgression against God's lawH6588 — Full Word Study → are bound intoנִשְׂקַד֩niś·qaḏ — to bind fast, tie up, girdH8244 — Full Word Study → a yokeעֹ֨ל‘ōl — Yoke; burden; servitude; oxen's harnessH5923 — Full Word Study →, knit togetherיִשְׂתָּֽרְג֛וּyiś·tā·rə·ḡū — To intertwine, weave together, or wrapH8276 — Full Word Study → by His handבְּיָד֗וֹbə·yā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study →; they are drapedעָל֥וּ‘ā·lū — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → overעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → my neckצַוָּארִ֖יṣaw·wā·rî — neck; the back of the neck as a place of burden-bearingH6677 — Full Word Study →, and the Lordאֲדֹנָ֔י’ă·ḏō·nāy — Master, LordH136 — Full Word Study → has brokenהִכְשִׁ֣ילhiḵ·šîl — to stumble, fall, or collapseH3782 — Full Word Study → my strengthכֹּחִ֑יkō·ḥî — Strength, power, might, or abilityH3581 — Full Word Study →. He has delivered meנְתָנַ֣נִיnə·ṯā·na·nî — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → into the handsבִּידֵ֖יbî·ḏê — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → of those I cannotלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → withstandקֽוּם׃סqūm — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study →. 15The Lordאֲדֹנָי֙’ă·ḏō·nāy — Master, LordH136 — Full Word Study → has rejectedסִלָּ֨הsil·lāh — to weigh, value, or treat with contemptH5541 — Full Word Study → allכָל־ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the mighty menאַבִּירַ֤י׀’ab·bî·ray — mighty one, strong warrior, or powerful bullH47 — Full Word Study → in my midstבְּקִרְבִּ֔יbə·qir·bî — midst, inner part, heart, inward beingH7130 — Full Word Study →; He has summonedקָרָ֥אqā·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → an armyמוֹעֵ֖דmō·w·‘êḏ — appointed time; solemn assemblyH4150 — Full Word Study → against meעָלַ֛י‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → to crushלִשְׁבֹּ֣רliš·bōr — to break, shatter, crushH7665 — Full Word Study → my young warriorsבַּחוּרָ֑יba·ḥū·rāy — Young man, youth, chosen oneH970 — Full Word Study →. Like grapes in a winepressגַּ֚תgaṯ — Wine press; vat for treading grapesH1660 — Full Word Study →, the Lordאֲדֹנָ֔י’ă·ḏō·nāy — Master, LordH136 — Full Word Study → has trampledדָּרַ֣ךְdā·raḵ — to tread, walk, or trample; to guide or leadH1869 — Full Word Study → the Virginלִבְתוּלַ֖תliḇ·ṯū·laṯ — A young woman or virgin; an unmarried girlH1330 — Full Word Study → Daughterבַּת־baṯ- — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study → of Judahיְהוּדָֽה׃סyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study →. 16Forעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → these thingsאֵ֣לֶּה׀’êl·leh — These; those; the onesH428 — Full Word Study → Iאֲנִ֣י’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → weepבוֹכִיָּ֗הḇō·w·ḵî·yāh — to weep, cry, shed tearsH1058 — Full Word Study →; my eyesעֵינִ֤י׀‘ê·nî — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → flowיֹ֣רְדָהyō·rə·ḏāh — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → with tearsמַּ֔יִםma·yim — Water; liquid; fluidsH4325 — Full Word Study →. Forכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → there is no one nearbyרָחַ֥קrā·ḥaq — to be far, remove, distance oneselfH7368 — Full Word Study → to comfort meמְנַחֵ֖םmə·na·ḥêm — to comfort, console, or show compassion; to repent or change one's mindH5162 — Full Word Study →, no one to reviveמֵשִׁ֣יבmê·šîḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → my soulנַפְשִׁ֑יnap̄·šî — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study →. My childrenבָנַי֙ḇā·nay — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → areהָי֤וּhā·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → destituteשֽׁוֹמֵמִ֔יםšō·w·mê·mîm — to be desolate; to be appalled; to lie wasteH8074 — Full Word Study → becauseכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → the enemyאוֹיֵֽב׃ס’ō·w·yêḇ — Enemy; adversary; one who opposesH341 — Full Word Study → has prevailedגָבַ֖רḡā·ḇar — to be strong, prevail, overcomeH1396 — Full Word Study →. 17Zionצִיּ֜וֹןṣî·yō·wn — The Lord's MountainH6726 — Full Word Study → stretches outפֵּֽרְשָׂ֨הpê·rə·śāh — to spread, stretch out, or extendH6566 — Full Word Study → her handsבְּיָדֶ֗יהָbə·yā·ḏe·hā — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study →, but there is noאֵ֤ין’ên — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → one to comfortמְנַחֵם֙mə·na·ḥêm — to comfort, console, or show compassion; to repent or change one's mindH5162 — Full Word Study → her. The LORDיְהוָ֛הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → has decreedצִוָּ֧הṣiw·wāh — to command, order, or appoint with authorityH6680 — Full Word Study → against Jacobלְיַעֲקֹ֖בlə·ya·‘ă·qōḇ — He grasps the heelH3290 — Full Word Study → that his neighborsסְבִיבָ֣יוsə·ḇî·ḇāw — around, on all sides, encirclingH5439 — Full Word Study → become his foesצָרָ֑יוṣā·rāw — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study →. Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֛םyə·rū·šā·lim — City of peaceH3389 — Full Word Study → has becomeהָיְתָ֧הhā·yə·ṯāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → an unclean thingלְנִדָּ֖הlə·nid·dāh — Menstrual impurity; ritual uncleanness; separationH5079 — Full Word Study → among themבֵּינֵיהֶֽם׃סbê·nê·hem — between, among, in the midst ofH996 — Full Word Study →. 18The LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → is righteousצַדִּ֥יקṣad·dîq — Righteous, just person; one who is right with GodH6662 — Full Word Study →, for I have rebelled against His commandפִ֣יהוּp̄î·hū — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study →. Listenשִׁמְעוּ־šim·‘ū- — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study →, all you peopleכָל־ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study →; look uponוּרְאוּ֙ū·rə·’ū — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → my sufferingמַכְאֹבִ֔יmaḵ·’ō·ḇî — Physical or emotional pain; anguishH4341 — Full Word Study →. My young menוּבַחוּרַ֖יū·ḇa·ḥū·ray — Young man, youth, chosen oneH970 — Full Word Study → and maidensבְּתוּלֹתַ֥יbə·ṯū·lō·ṯay — A young woman or virgin; an unmarried girlH1330 — Full Word Study → have goneהָלְכ֥וּhā·lə·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → into captivityבַשֶּֽׁבִי׃סḇaš·še·ḇî — captivity, exile, or the captured/enslaved peopleH7628 — Full Word Study →. 19I called outקָרָ֤אתִיqā·rā·ṯî — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → to my loversלַֽמְאַהֲבַי֙lam·’a·hă·ḇay — To love; affection, attachment, or preferenceH157 — Full Word Study →, but theyהֵ֣מָּהhêm·māh — They, them (masculine plural pronoun)H1992 — Full Word Study → have betrayed meרִמּ֔וּנִיrim·mū·nî — to throw, shoot, or deceiveH7411 — Full Word Study →. My priestsכֹּהֲנַ֥יkō·hă·nay — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study → and eldersוּזְקֵנַ֖יū·zə·qê·nay — An old person; an elder with authority and wisdomH2205 — Full Word Study → perishedגָּוָ֑עוּgā·wā·‘ū — to expire, breathe one's last, dieH1478 — Full Word Study → in the cityבָּעִ֣ירbā·‘îr — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → whileכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → they searched forבִקְשׁ֥וּḇiq·šū — To seek, search for, or request earnestlyH1245 — Full Word Study → foodאֹ֙כֶל֙’ō·ḵel — Food; that which is eatenH400 — Full Word Study → to keep themselvesוְיָשִׁ֖יבוּwə·yā·šî·ḇū — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → aliveנַפְשָֽׁם׃סnap̄·šām — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study →. 20Seeרְאֵ֨הrə·’êh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study →, O LORDיְהוָ֤הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →, howכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → distressedצַר־ṣar- — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study → I am! I am churningחֳמַרְמָ֔רוּḥo·mar·mā·rū — to smear, daub, or ferment; to trouble or polluteH2560 — Full Word Study → withinמֵעַ֣יmê·‘ay — belly, womb, inner selfH4578 — Full Word Study →; my heartלִבִּי֙lib·bî — Heart; the center of emotion, will, and intellectH3820 — Full Word Study → is poundingנֶהְפַּ֤ךְneh·paḵ — to overturn, turn over, transformH2015 — Full Word Study → within meבְּקִרְבִּ֔יbə·qir·bî — midst, inner part, heart, inward beingH7130 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I have been most rebelliousמָר֖וֹmā·rōw — to rebel, provoke, resist authorityH4784 — Full Word Study →. Outsideמִח֥וּץmi·ḥūṣ — Outside, exterior, or open space beyond a boundaryH2351 — Full Word Study →, the swordחֶ֖רֶבḥe·reḇ — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study → bereavesשִׁכְּלָה־šik·kə·lāh- — to bereave of children; to miscarry or lose offspringH7921 — Full Word Study →; insideבַּבַּ֥יִתbab·ba·yiṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study →, there is deathכַּמָּֽוֶת׃סkam·mā·weṯ — death, the state of being deadH4194 — Full Word Study →. 21People have heardשָׁמְע֞וּšā·mə·‘ū — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → myאָ֗נִי’ā·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → groaningנֶאֱנָחָ֣הne·’ĕ·nā·ḥāh — to sigh, groan, or lamentH584 — Full Word Study →, but there is noאֵ֤ין’ên — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → one to comfortמְנַחֵם֙mə·na·ḥêm — to comfort, console, or show compassion; to repent or change one's mindH5162 — Full Word Study → me. Allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → my enemiesאֹ֨יְבַ֜י’ō·yə·ḇay — Enemy; adversary; one who opposesH341 — Full Word Study → have heardשָׁמְע֤וּšā·mə·‘ū — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → of my troubleרָֽעָתִי֙rā·‘ā·ṯî — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study →; they are gladשָׂ֔שׂוּśā·śū — To rejoice, be glad, make mirthH7797 — Full Word Study → thatכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Youאַתָּ֖ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → have caused itעָשִׂ֑יתָ‘ā·śî·ṯā — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study →. May You bringהֵבֵ֥אתָhê·ḇê·ṯā — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → the dayיוֹם־yō·wm- — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → You have announcedקָרָ֖אתָqā·rā·ṯā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study →, so that they may becomeוְיִֽהְי֥וּwə·yih·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → like meכָמֽוֹנִי׃סḵā·mō·w·nî — Like; according to; asH3644 — Full Word Study →. 22Let allכָל־ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → their wickednessרָעָתָ֤םrā·‘ā·ṯām — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → comeתָּבֹ֨אtā·ḇō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → before Youלְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙lə·p̄ā·ne·ḵā — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →, and dealוְעוֹלֵ֣לwə·‘ō·w·lêl — to glean; to work thoroughly; to maltreat or abuseH5953 — Full Word Study → with them asכַּאֲשֶׁ֥רka·’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → You have dealtעוֹלַ֛לְתָּ‘ō·w·lal·tā — to glean; to work thoroughly; to maltreat or abuseH5953 — Full Word Study → with me because ofעַ֣ל‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → my transgressionsפְּשָׁעָ֑יpə·šā·‘āy — Willful rebellion or transgression against God's lawH6588 — Full Word Study →. Forכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → my groansאַנְחֹתַ֖י’an·ḥō·ṯay — A deep sigh or groan of distressH585 — Full Word Study → are manyרַבּ֥וֹתrab·bō·wṯ — great, many, abundant, mightyH7227 — Full Word Study →, and my heartוְלִבִּ֥יwə·lib·bî — Heart; the center of emotion, will, and intellectH3820 — Full Word Study → is faintדַוָּֽי׃פḏaw·wāy — weakness, faintness, languishingH1742 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Lamentations 1
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Lamentations 1 opens the book with a haunting portrait of Jerusalem in ruins following the Babylonian siege of 586 BC. The prophet employs the metaphor of a widow and a solitary city to convey the depth of Judah's desolation—both physical and spiritual. Throughout this chapter, we hear the voice of the nation mourning its destruction, abandoned by former allies, stripped of its glory, and facing the painful truth that this judgment came because of sin against the LORD. Yet even in this darkness, there is a thread of repentance and acknowledgment of God's justice that points toward hope in the chapters to come.

Verses 1–5: The City's Desolation and Cause

The chapter begins with a powerful lament over Jerusalem's transformation from a thriving metropolis to an empty, desolate place. The city that once was "full of people" and "great among the nations" now sits alone like a widow (v. 1). The prophet emphasizes not only the physical destruction but also the abandonment by her allies—those she had trusted ("lovers") have become enemies and offered no comfort (v. 2). Verses 3–5 reveal the reason for this judgment: Judah's captivity came because of her transgressions. The LORD Himself has afflicted her (v. 5). This is crucial theology—the devastation is not random or meaningless, but the consequence of rebellion against God's covenant. The religious life of Zion has ceased; her gates are desolate, her priests sigh, and her people are afflicted (v. 4).

Application: We are reminded that sin has real consequences. God's justice is neither arbitrary nor harsh—it is the loving discipline of a covenant-keeping God who refuses to overlook rebellion.

Verses 6–12: Loss of Beauty and Dignity

These verses describe the complete humiliation of Jerusalem. Her princes have become weak and defenseless, "like harts that find no pasture" (v. 6). The city remembers her former glory and comfort, but now her adversaries mock her and her sacred practices (v. 7). Most painfully, Jerusalem acknowledges her own sin: "Jerusalem hath grievously sinned; therefore she is removed" (v. 8). Her nakedness—her shame—is exposed before all nations. In verse 9, the prophet cries out to the LORD, recognizing that she has no comforter but Him. By verse 12, the lament reaches a crescendo as the city appeals to passersby: "Is it nothing to you...behold, and see if there be any sorrow like unto my sorrow?" This is the cry of one abandoned and broken, yet still reaching toward the God who has struck her.

Application: Genuine repentance involves honest acknowledgment of our guilt and shame before God. Though our sin brings judgment, the God who afflicts also calls us back to relationship with Him.

Verses 13–22: Submission to God's Hand and Plea for Justice

The final section deepens the confession of deserved judgment. The imagery intensifies: the LORD has sent fire into her bones, spread a net for her feet, and made her strength fail (v. 13–14). The "yoke of transgressions" binds her neck—a powerful picture of captivity to one's own sin (v. 14). Even her mighty men have been trampled under foot (v. 15). Yet in the midst of this agony, the prophet speaks a profound theological truth: "The LORD is righteous; for I have rebelled against his commandment" (v. 18). Here is true repentance—the acknowledgment that God's judgment is just, while the nation faces its exile. The chapter concludes with a plea for God to bring judgment upon the enemies who have gloated over Zion's fall (vv. 21–22). Even in despair, the people appeal to God's justice and sovereignty.

Application: Suffering and discipline, when received rightly, can lead to genuine repentance and deeper faith in God's justice and mercy.

Application for Today

When we face the consequences of our sin or witness others' suffering, Lamentations 1 calls us to honest confession rather than blame-shifting or despair. God's judgment is always just, and His discipline is always purposeful. Like Jerusalem, we must come to see our affliction not as meaningless tragedy but as an opportunity to turn back to the God who alone can restore us. In Christ, we have the Comforter whom Jerusalem lacked—the Holy Spirit who brings both conviction and hope.

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