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Song of Solomon 1

BSB·17 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1This is Solomon’sלִשְׁלֹמֹֽה׃liš·lō·mōh — His peaceH8010 — Full Word Study → Songשִׁ֥ירšîr — Song; singing; musical compositionH7892 — Full Word Study → of Songsהַשִּׁירִ֖יםhaš·šî·rîm — Song; singing; musical compositionH7892 — Full Word Study →. 2Let him kiss meיִשָּׁקֵ֙נִי֙yiš·šā·qê·nî — To kiss; to touch; to equip with weaponsH5401 — Full Word Study → with the kissesמִנְּשִׁיק֣וֹתmin·nə·šî·qō·wṯ — Kiss; a greeting or gesture of affectionH5390 — Full Word Study → of his mouthפִּ֔יהוּpî·hū — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study →! Forכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → your loveדֹּדֶ֖יךָdō·ḏe·ḵā — beloved; uncle; loveH1730 — Full Word Study → is more delightfulטוֹבִ֥יםṭō·w·ḇîm — good, beneficial, pleasing, wellH2896 — Full Word Study → than wineמִיָּֽיִן׃mî·yā·yin — Wine; fermented grape juiceH3196 — Full Word Study →. 3The fragranceלְרֵ֙יחַ֙lə·rê·aḥ — Pleasant aroma, fragrance, or sweet smellH7381 — Full Word Study → of your perfumeשְׁמָנֶ֣יךָšə·mā·ne·ḵā — Oil; ointment; fat; luxuryH8081 — Full Word Study → is pleasingטוֹבִ֔יםṭō·w·ḇîm — good, beneficial, pleasing, wellH2896 — Full Word Study →; your nameשְׁמֶ֑ךָšə·me·ḵā — Name; reputation; renownH8034 — Full Word Study → is like perfumeשֶׁ֖מֶןše·men — Oil; ointment; fat; luxuryH8081 — Full Word Study → poured outתּוּרַ֣קtū·raq — to empty, pour out, exhaustH7324 — Full Word Study →. No wonderעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the maidensעֲלָמ֥וֹת‘ă·lā·mō·wṯ — A young woman or maiden of marriageable ageH5959 — Full Word Study → adore youאֲהֵבֽוּךָ׃’ă·hê·ḇū·ḵā — To love; affection, attachment, or preferenceH157 — Full Word Study →. 4Take meמָשְׁכֵ֖נִיmā·šə·ḵê·nî — to draw, pull, extend, or prolongH4900 — Full Word Study → away with youאַחֲרֶ֣יךָ’a·ḥă·re·ḵā — after, behind, followingH310 — Full Word Study →let us hurryנָּר֑וּצָהnā·rū·ṣāh — to run; move swiftlyH7323 — Full Word Study →! May the kingהַמֶּ֜לֶךְham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → bring meהֱבִיאַ֨נִיhĕ·ḇî·’a·nî — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → to his chambersחֲדָרָ֗יוḥă·ḏā·rāw — Inner room, private chamber, bedroomH2315 — Full Word Study →. We will rejoiceנָגִ֤ילָהnā·ḡî·lāh — to rejoice, be glad, exultH1523 — Full Word Study → and delightוְנִשְׂמְחָה֙wə·niś·mə·ḥāh — To rejoice, be glad, make merryH8055 — Full Word Study → in you; we will praiseנַזְכִּ֤ירָהnaz·kî·rāh — to remember, recall, or mentionH2142 — Full Word Study → your loveדֹדֶ֙יךָ֙ḏō·ḏe·ḵā — beloved; uncle; loveH1730 — Full Word Study → more than wineמִיַּ֔יִןmî·ya·yin — Wine; fermented grape juiceH3196 — Full Word Study →. It is only rightמֵישָׁרִ֖יםmê·šā·rîm — Uprightness, righteousness, equityH4339 — Full Word Study → that they adore youאֲהֵבֽוּךָ׃ס’ă·hê·ḇū·ḵā — To love; affection, attachment, or preferenceH157 — Full Word Study →. 5Iאֲנִי֙’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → am darkשְׁחוֹרָ֤הšə·ḥō·w·rāh — black; darkness; sootH7838 — Full Word Study →, yet lovelyוְֽנָאוָ֔הwə·nā·wāh — Comely, fitting, or becoming; what is proper and suitableH5000 — Full Word Study →, O daughtersבְּנ֖וֹתbə·nō·wṯ — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study → of Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִָ֑םyə·rū·šā·lim — City of peaceH3389 — Full Word Study →, like the tentsכְּאָהֳלֵ֣יkə·’ā·ho·lê — A tent; portable dwelling placeH168 — Full Word Study → of Kedarקֵדָ֔רqê·ḏār — Kedar, Arabian peopleH6938 — Full Word Study →, like the curtainsכִּירִיע֖וֹתkî·rî·‘ō·wṯ — A curtain or woven hanging, typically of linen or other fabricH3407 — Full Word Study → of Solomonשְׁלֹמֹֽה׃šə·lō·mōh — His peaceH8010 — Full Word Study →. 6Do notאַל־’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → stareתִּרְא֙וּנִי֙tir·’ū·nî — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → because Iשֶׁאֲנִ֣יše·’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → am darkשְׁחַרְחֹ֔רֶתšə·ḥar·ḥō·reṯ — Blackish, dark in colorH7840 — Full Word Study →, for the sunהַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁhaš·šā·meš — The sun; sunlight; dayH8121 — Full Word Study → has gazed upon meשֶׁשֱּׁזָפַ֖תְנִיšeš·šĕ·zā·p̄aṯ·nî — to look, gaze, or beholdH7805 — Full Word Study →. My mother’sאִמִּ֣י’im·mî — mother; female parentH517 — Full Word Study → sonsבְּנֵ֧יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → were angryנִֽחֲרוּ־ni·ḥă·rū- — to burn with anger, become incensedH2734 — Full Word Study → with me; they made meשָׂמֻ֙נִי֙śā·mu·nî — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → a keeperנֹטֵרָ֣הnō·ṭê·rāh — to guard, keep, or preserve; to bear a grudgeH5201 — Full Word Study → of the vineyardsהַכְּרָמִ֔יםhak·kə·rā·mîm — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study →, but my own vineyard I have neglectedלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study →. 7Tell meהַגִּ֣ידָהhag·gî·ḏāh — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study →, O one Iנַפְשִׁ֔יnap̄·šî — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study → loveשֶׁ֤אָהֲבָה֙še·’ā·hă·ḇāh — To love; affection, attachment, or preferenceH157 — Full Word Study →, whereאֵיכָ֣ה’ê·ḵāh — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → do you pasture your sheepתִרְעֶ֔הṯir·‘eh — to shepherd; to tend, feed, or pasture a flockH7462 — Full Word Study →? Whereאֵיכָ֖ה’ê·ḵāh — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → do you rest themתַּרְבִּ֣יץtar·bîṣ — to lie down, crouch, reclineH7257 — Full Word Study → at middayבַּֽצָּהֳרָ֑יִםbaṣ·ṣā·ho·rā·yim — Noon, midday; window or opening for lightH6672 — Full Word Study →? Whyשַׁלָּמָ֤הšal·lā·māh — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → should I beאֶֽהְיֶה֙’eh·yeh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → like a veiled womanכְּעֹ֣טְיָ֔הkə·‘ō·ṭə·yāh — to wrap, cover, or clotheH5844 — Full Word Study → besideעַ֖ל‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the flocksעֶדְרֵ֥י‘eḏ·rê — A flock or herd of animals, especially sheep or goatsH5739 — Full Word Study → of your companionsחֲבֵרֶֽיךָ׃ḥă·ḇê·re·ḵā — companion, partner, associateH2270 — Full Word Study →? 8Ifאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → you do notלֹ֤אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → knowתֵדְעִי֙ṯê·ḏə·‘î — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study →, O fairestהַיָּפָ֖הhay·yā·p̄āh — Beautiful, fair, or lovely in appearanceH3303 — Full Word Study → of womenבַּנָּשִׁ֑יםban·nā·šîm — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study →, followצְֽאִי־ṣə·’î- — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → the tracksבְּעִקְבֵ֣יbə·‘iq·ḇê — Heel; footstep; rear part; deceptionH6119 — Full Word Study → of the flockהַצֹּ֗אןhaṣ·ṣōn — flock of sheep or goatsH6629 — Full Word Study →, and grazeוּרְעִי֙ū·rə·‘î — to shepherd; to tend, feed, or pasture a flockH7462 — Full Word Study → your young goatsגְּדִיֹּתַ֔יִךְgə·ḏî·yō·ṯa·yiḵ — young goat; kidH1429 — Full Word Study → nearעַ֖ל‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the tentsמִשְׁכְּנ֥וֹתmiš·kə·nō·wṯ — Tabernacle, dwelling place, sanctuaryH4908 — Full Word Study → of the shepherdsהָרֹעִֽים׃סhā·rō·‘îm — to shepherd; to tend, feed, or pasture a flockH7462 — Full Word Study →. 9I compare youדִּמִּיתִ֖יךְdim·mî·ṯîḵ — To resemble, liken, or compareH1819 — Full Word Study →, my darlingרַעְיָתִֽי׃ra‘·yā·ṯî — companion, intimate friend, belovedH7474 — Full Word Study →, to a mareלְסֻסָתִי֙lə·su·sā·ṯî — Mare, female horseH5484 — Full Word Study → among Pharaoh’sפַרְעֹ֔הp̄ar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → chariotsבְּרִכְבֵ֣יbə·riḵ·ḇê — chariot; war vehicleH7393 — Full Word Study →. 10Your cheeksלְחָיַ֙יִךְ֙lə·ḥā·ya·yiḵ — jawboneH3895 — Full Word Study → are beautifulנָאו֤וּnā·wū — to be beautiful, lovely, or suitable in appearanceH4998 — Full Word Study → with ornamentsבַּתֹּרִ֔יםbat·tō·rîm — Border, row, or ornamental edgeH8447 — Full Word Study →, your neckצַוָּארֵ֖ךְṣaw·wā·rêḵ — neck; the back of the neck as a place of burden-bearingH6677 — Full Word Study → with strings of jewelsבַּחֲרוּזִֽים׃ba·ḥă·rū·zîm — Chain or linked ornamentH2737 — Full Word Study →. 11We will makeנַעֲשֶׂה־na·‘ă·śeh- — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → you ornamentsתּוֹרֵ֤יtō·w·rê — Border, row, or ornamental edgeH8447 — Full Word Study → of goldזָהָב֙zā·hāḇ — Gold; precious metal; wealth and valueH2091 — Full Word Study →, studded with beadsנְקֻדּ֥וֹתnə·qud·dō·wṯ — A stud or ornamental bead; a rounded knob or bossH5351 — Full Word Study → of silverהַכָּֽסֶף׃hak·kā·sep̄ — Silver; money; price; valueH3701 — Full Word Study →. 12Whileעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → the kingשֶׁ֤הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙še·ham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → was at his tableבִּמְסִבּ֔וֹbim·sib·bōw — surrounds, encompasses, sits around a tableH4524 — Full Word Study →, my perfumeנִרְדִּ֖יnir·dî — Aromatic spikenard oil, a precious perfumeH5373 — Full Word Study → spreadנָתַ֥ןnā·ṯan — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → its fragranceרֵיחֽוֹ׃rê·ḥōw — Pleasant aroma, fragrance, or sweet smellH7381 — Full Word Study →. 13My belovedדּוֹדִי֙dō·w·ḏî — beloved; uncle; loveH1730 — Full Word Study → is to me a sachetצְר֨וֹרṣə·rō·wr — Bundle, bag, or small parcel; a bound or wrapped packageH6872 — Full Word Study → of myrrhהַמֹּ֤ר׀ham·mōr — Myrrh, an aromatic resin used for anointing and embalmingH4753 — Full Word Study → restingיָלִֽין׃yā·lîn — to lodge, dwell, or remain (overnight or permanently)H3885 — Full Word Study → betweenבֵּ֥יןbên — between, among, in the midst ofH996 — Full Word Study → my breastsשָׁדַ֖יšā·ḏay — Breast; teat; nursing sourceH7699 — Full Word Study →. 14My belovedדּוֹדִי֙dō·w·ḏî — beloved; uncle; loveH1730 — Full Word Study → is to me a clusterאֶשְׁכֹּ֨ל’eš·kōl — cluster of grapesH811 — Full Word Study → of henna blossomsהַכֹּ֤פֶר׀hak·kō·p̄er — Ransom; redemption price; atonement coveringH3724 — Full Word Study → in the vineyardsבְּכַרְמֵ֖יbə·ḵar·mê — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → of En-gediגֶּֽדִי׃סge·ḏî — Spring of the kidH5872 — Full Word Study →. 15Howהִנָּ֤ךְhin·nāḵ — Look! Behold! — an attention-directing particleH2005 — Full Word Study → beautiful you are, my darlingרַעְיָתִ֔יra‘·yā·ṯî — companion, intimate friend, belovedH7474 — Full Word Study →! Oh, how veryהִנָּ֥ךְhin·nāḵ — Look! Behold! — an attention-directing particleH2005 — Full Word Study → beautifulיָפָ֖הyā·p̄āh — Beautiful, fair, or lovely in appearanceH3303 — Full Word Study →! Your eyesעֵינַ֥יִךְ‘ê·na·yiḵ — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → are like doves. 16Howהִנְּךָ֨hin·nə·ḵā — Look! Behold! — an attention-directing particleH2005 — Full Word Study → handsome you are, my belovedדוֹדִי֙ḏō·w·ḏî — beloved; uncle; loveH1730 — Full Word Study →! Oh, howאַ֣ף’ap̄ — Also, moreover, even, indeedH637 — Full Word Study → delightfulנָעִ֔יםnā·‘îm — Pleasant, delightful, agreeableH5273 — Full Word Study →! The soft grassרַעֲנָנָֽה׃ra·‘ă·nā·nāh — Green, flourishing, prosperous, vigorousH7488 — Full Word Study → is our bed. 17The beamsקֹר֤וֹתqō·rō·wṯ — Wooden beam or rafter; structural timberH6982 — Full Word Study → of our houseבָּתֵּ֙ינוּ֙bāt·tê·nū — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → are cedarsאֲרָזִ֔ים’ă·rā·zîm — cedar tree; cedar woodH730 — Full Word Study →; our raftersרַחִיטֵנוּra·ḥī·ṭē·nū — Beam or rafter of a buildingH7351 — Full Word Study → are fragrant firs.
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Chapter Commentary — Song of Solomon 1
Chapter Overview

Overview

Song of Solomon is a love poem celebrating the beauty of intimate, covenantal love between a man and a woman. Chapter 1 introduces us to a young bride and groom expressing their deep desire for one another—their longing, admiration, and joy in their relationship. While the surface meaning celebrates human romantic love, the church has traditionally understood this book as an allegory of Christ's love for the church and the believer's love for Jesus. Whether read literally as marital devotion or spiritually as depicting Christ's affection for His beloved bride, this opening chapter establishes the book's central theme: mutual, passionate love that finds its ultimate fulfillment in God's design.

Verses 1-4: The Bride's Longing and the Groom's Welcome

The poem opens with the bride's cry of longing: "Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth; for thy love is better than wine" (v. 2). This is bold, unashamed desire—not sinful lust, but the holy yearning of a covenant partner. Wine was the finest earthly pleasure in ancient times; her love transcends even that. The groom's name and reputation are like fragrant ointment poured out (v. 3)—his character draws others to him. In verse 4, the bride invites others to join her joy, saying "Draw me, we will run after thee." The king brings her into his chambers, and the company celebrates together. This speaks to the infectious joy of genuine love: it draws others in and makes them rejoice.

Verses 5-6: Self-Consciousness and Reassurance

The bride expresses insecurity: "I am black, but comely" (v. 5). In the Middle Eastern context, dark skin indicated outdoor labor and lower social status. Her brothers made her work in the vineyards, leaving her sun-darkened. Yet she also possesses the beauty of Solomon's curtains—royal, rich, and impressive. This honest confession—acknowledging her imperfections while affirming her worth—reflects the realism of true love. She has been marked by hardship and neglect, yet remains valuable and loved. This speaks powerfully to those who feel unworthy or broken; genuine love does not demand perfection.

Verses 7-8: Seeking and Finding

The bride asks her beloved where he feeds his flock at noon (v. 7)—a tender, practical question. She wants to know where to find him, lest she wander among other shepherds' flocks. The groom's response (v. 8) is surprisingly direct: if she doesn't know where to find him, she should follow the flock's footprints to the shepherds' tents. This gently calls her to maturity and initiative in love. Love requires both seeking and being found, both devotion and discernment.

Verses 9-14: Mutual Admiration

The lovers exchange physical compliments. He compares her to Pharaoh's royal horses (v. 9)—noble, strong, and beautiful. Her cheeks and neck are adorned with jewels and gold (vv. 10-11). She, in turn, describes him through rich imagery: myrrh and camphire—precious, fragrant spices (vv. 12-14). These metaphors speak to the sacred sensuality of marital love. God created our senses and bodies; to delight in them within covenant is to honor His design.

Verses 15-17: The Completed Picture

Each affirms the other's fairness; their bed is green—fresh, living, verdant. They build a house together of cedar and fir—durable, valuable materials. This depicts the fruit of love: a shared dwelling, a secure home, a life constructed together.

Application for Today

Song of Solomon teaches us that desire, admiration, and passionate love are not shameful but sacred when expressed within God's covenant design. Whether we are married or single, this chapter invites us to recognize love's beauty and to respond to Christ's pursuit of our hearts with equal devotion and longing. If married, be students of your spouse's heart; express admiration freely. All believers can ask: Do I long for Christ as the bride longs here—openly, joyfully, and without shame?

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