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Isaiah 6

BSB·13 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1In the yearבִּשְׁנַת־biš·naṯ- — Year; period of time or ageH8141 — Full Word Study → that Kingהַמֶּ֣לֶךְham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → Uzziahעֻזִּיָּ֔הוּ‘uz·zî·yā·hū — Yahweh is My StrengthH5818 — Full Word Study → diedמוֹת֙mō·wṯ — death, the state of being deadH4194 — Full Word Study →, I sawוָאֶרְאֶ֧הwā·’er·’eh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the Lordאֲדֹנָ֛י’ă·ḏō·nāy — Master, LordH136 — Full Word Study → seatedיֹשֵׁ֥בyō·šêḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → onעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → a throneכִּסֵּ֖אkis·sê — Throne; seat of authority and rulershipH3678 — Full Word Study →, highרָ֣םrām — To raise, lift up, exalt; to be highH7311 — Full Word Study → and exaltedוְנִשָּׂ֑אwə·niś·śā — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study →; and the train of His robeוְשׁוּלָ֖יוwə·šū·lāw — hem, border, or edge of a garmentH7757 — Full Word Study → filledמְלֵאִ֥יםmə·lê·’îm — to fill, fulfill, completeH4390 — Full Word Study → the templeהַהֵיכָֽל׃ha·hê·ḵāl — Temple, palace, sanctuary structureH1964 — Full Word Study →. 2Aboveמִמַּ֙עַל֙mim·ma·‘al — Above, over, upward; superiority in place or rankH4605 — Full Word Study → Him stoodעֹמְדִ֤ים׀‘ō·mə·ḏîm — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study → seraphimשְׂרָפִ֨יםśə·rā·p̄îm — Fiery serpent; seraph (heavenly being)H8314 — Full Word Study →, eachלְאֶחָ֑דlə·’e·ḥāḏ — One; unity; single; firstH259 — Full Word Study → having sixשֵׁ֧שׁšêš — The number six; sixth in orderH8337 — Full Word Study → wingsכְּנָפַ֛יִםkə·nā·p̄a·yim — wing; edge, border, cornerH3671 — Full Word Study →: With two wings they coveredיְכַסֶּ֣הyə·ḵas·seh — to cover, conceal, hideH3680 — Full Word Study → their facesפָנָ֗יוp̄ā·nāw — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →, with twoוּבִשְׁתַּ֛יִםū·ḇiš·ta·yim — The number two; a pair or coupleH8147 — Full Word Study → they coveredיְכַסֶּ֥הyə·ḵas·seh — to cover, conceal, hideH3680 — Full Word Study → their feetרַגְלָ֖יוraḡ·lāw — Foot; by extension, journey, way, or standingH7272 — Full Word Study →, and with twoוּבִשְׁתַּ֥יִםū·ḇiš·ta·yim — The number two; a pair or coupleH8147 — Full Word Study → they were flyingיְעוֹפֵֽף׃yə·‘ō·w·p̄êp̄ — to fly; to faint or grow wearyH5774 — Full Word Study →. 3And theyזֶ֤הzeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → were calling outוְקָרָ֨אwə·qā·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → one anotherזֶה֙zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study →: “Holyקָד֧וֹשׁ׀qā·ḏō·wōš — Set apart, consecrated, sacredH6918 — Full Word Study →, holyקָד֛וֹשׁqā·ḏō·wōš — Set apart, consecrated, sacredH6918 — Full Word Study →, holyקָד֖וֹשׁqā·ḏō·wōš — Set apart, consecrated, sacredH6918 — Full Word Study → is the LORDיְהוָ֣הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → of Hostsצְבָא֑וֹתṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study →; allכָל־ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the earthהָאָ֖רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → is fullמְלֹ֥אmə·lō — Fullness, abundance, or that which fillsH4393 — Full Word Study → of His gloryכְּבוֹדֽוֹ׃kə·ḇō·w·ḏōw — weightiness, honor, splendor, gloryH3519 — Full Word Study →.” 4At the soundמִקּ֖וֹלmiq·qō·wl — voice, sound, or cryH6963 — Full Word Study → of their voicesהַקּוֹרֵ֑אhaq·qō·w·rê — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → the doorpostsאַמּ֣וֹת’am·mō·wṯ — Cubit; forearm; unit of linear measurementH520 — Full Word Study → and thresholdsהַסִּפִּ֔יםhas·sip·pîm — Threshold, doorpost, or basinH5592 — Full Word Study → shookוַיָּנֻ֙עוּ֙way·yā·nu·‘ū — to shake, move back and forth, wanderH5128 — Full Word Study →, and the templeוְהַבַּ֖יִתwə·hab·ba·yiṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → was filledיִמָּלֵ֥אyim·mā·lê — to fill, fulfill, completeH4390 — Full Word Study → with smokeעָשָֽׁן׃‘ā·šān — Smoke; vapor rising from fireH6227 — Full Word Study →. 5Then I saidוָאֹמַ֞רwā·’ō·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: “Woeאֽוֹי־’ō·w- — Woe; an exclamation of grief, lamentation, or warningH188 — Full Word Study → is me, forכִֽי־ḵî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I am ruinedנִדְמֵ֗יתִיniḏ·mê·ṯî — To cease, be silent, or be destroyedH1820 — Full Word Study →, becauseכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Iאָנֹ֔כִי’ā·nō·ḵî — I, myself (first-person singular pronoun)H595 — Full Word Study → am a manאִ֤ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → of uncleanטְמֵֽא־ṭə·mê- — Unclean, defiled, impureH2931 — Full Word Study → lipsשְׂפָתַ֙יִם֙śə·p̄ā·ṯa·yim — Lips; edge, border, or shoreH8193 — Full Word Study → dwellingיוֹשֵׁ֑בyō·wō·šêḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → amongוּבְתוֹךְ֙ū·ḇə·ṯō·wḵ — midst, among, between, throughH8432 — Full Word Study → a peopleעַם־‘am- — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → of uncleanטְמֵ֣אṭə·mê — Unclean, defiled, impureH2931 — Full Word Study → lipsשְׂפָתַ֔יִםśə·p̄ā·ṯa·yim — Lips; edge, border, or shoreH8193 — Full Word Study →; forכִּ֗יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → my eyesעֵינָֽי׃‘ê·nāy — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → have seenרָא֥וּrā·’ū — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the Kingהַמֶּ֛לֶךְham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study →, the LORDיְהוָ֥הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → of Hostsצְבָא֖וֹתṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study →.” 6Then oneאֶחָד֙’e·ḥāḏ — One; unity; single; firstH259 — Full Word Study → ofמִן־min- — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → the seraphimהַשְּׂרָפִ֔יםhaś·śə·rā·p̄îm — Fiery serpent; seraph (heavenly being)H8314 — Full Word Study → flewוַיָּ֣עָףway·yā·‘āp̄ — to fly; to faint or grow wearyH5774 — Full Word Study → to meאֵלַ֗י’ê·lay — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, and in his handוּבְיָד֖וֹū·ḇə·yā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → was a glowing coalרִצְפָּ֑הriṣ·pāh — Hot stone or tessellated pavementH7531 — Full Word Study → that he had takenלָקַ֖חlā·qaḥ — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → with tongsבְּמֶ֨לְקַחַ֔יִםbə·mel·qa·ḥa·yim — Tongs or snuffers for trimming lampsH4457 — Full Word Study → fromמֵעַ֥לmê·‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the altarהַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃ham·miz·bê·aḥ — altar; place of sacrifice and worshipH4196 — Full Word Study →. 7And with it he touchedוַיַּגַּ֣עway·yag·ga‘ — to touch, reach, strike, or come into contactH5060 — Full Word Study → my mouthפִּ֔יpî — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study → and saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: “Now thatהִנֵּ֛הhin·nêh — Look! Behold! Pay attention!H2009 — Full Word Study → thisזֶ֖הzeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → has touchedנָגַ֥עnā·ḡa‘ — to touch, reach, strike, or come into contactH5060 — Full Word Study → your lipsשְׂפָתֶ֑יךָśə·p̄ā·ṯe·ḵā — Lips; edge, border, or shoreH8193 — Full Word Study →, your iniquityעֲוֺנֶ֔ךָ‘ă·wō·ne·ḵā — Iniquity, guilt, or moral wrongdoingH5771 — Full Word Study → is removedוְסָ֣רwə·sār — to turn aside, depart, removeH5493 — Full Word Study → and your sinוְחַטָּאתְךָ֖wə·ḥaṭ·ṭā·ṯə·ḵā — sin; sin offering; sinfulnessH2403 — Full Word Study → is atoned forתְּכֻפָּֽר׃tə·ḵup·pār — To atone; to cover sin and make reconciliationH3722 — Full Word Study →.” 8Then I heardוָאֶשְׁמַ֞עwā·’eš·ma‘ — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → the voiceק֤וֹלqō·wl — voice, sound, or cryH6963 — Full Word Study → of the Lordאֲדֹנָי֙’ă·ḏō·nāy — Master, LordH136 — Full Word Study → sayingאֹמֵ֔ר’ō·mêr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: “Whomמִ֥יmî — who? what person?H4310 — Full Word Study → shall I sendאֶשְׁלַ֖ח’eš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study →? Whoוּמִ֣יū·mî — who? what person?H4310 — Full Word Study → will goיֵֽלֶךְ־yê·leḵ- — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → for Us?” And I saidוָאֹמַ֖רwā·’ō·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: “Here am Iהִנְנִ֥יhin·nî — Look! Behold! — an attention-directing particleH2005 — Full Word Study →. Send meשְׁלָחֵֽנִי׃šə·lā·ḥê·nî — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study →!” 9And He repliedוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: “Goלֵ֥ךְlêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → and tellוְאָמַרְתָּ֖wə·’ā·mar·tā — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → thisהַזֶּ֑הhaz·zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → peopleלָעָ֣םlā·‘ām — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study →, ‘Be ever hearingשִׁמְע֤וּšim·‘ū — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study →, but neverוְאַל־wə·’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → understandingתָּבִ֔ינוּtā·ḇî·nū — To understand, discern, perceiveH995 — Full Word Study →; be ever seeingוּרְא֥וּū·rə·’ū — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study →, but neverוְאַל־wə·’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → perceivingתֵּדָֽעוּ׃tê·ḏā·‘ū — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study →.’ 10Make the hearts of thisהַזֶּ֔הhaz·zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → peopleהָעָ֣םhā·‘ām — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → callousedהַשְׁמֵן֙haš·mên — to grow fat, become prosperousH8080 — Full Word Study →; deafenהַכְבֵּ֖דhaḵ·bêḏ — to honor, glorify, or make heavy/weightyH3513 — Full Word Study → their earsוְאָזְנָ֥יוwə·’ā·zə·nāw — Ear; the organ of hearing and listeningH241 — Full Word Study → and closeהָשַׁ֑עhā·ša‘ — to delight in, fondle, or stare in dismayH8173 — Full Word Study → their eyesוְעֵינָ֣יוwə·‘ê·nāw — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study →. Otherwiseפֶּן־pen- — lest, that not, for fear thatH6435 — Full Word Study → they might seeיִרְאֶ֨הyir·’eh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → with their eyesבְעֵינָ֜יוḇə·‘ê·nāw — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study →, hearיִשְׁמָ֗עyiš·mā‘ — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → with their earsוּבְאָזְנָ֣יוū·ḇə·’ā·zə·nāw — Ear; the organ of hearing and listeningH241 — Full Word Study →, understandיָבִ֛יןyā·ḇîn — To understand, discern, perceiveH995 — Full Word Study → with their heartsוּלְבָב֥וֹū·lə·ḇā·ḇōw — The inner self; mind, will, understandingH3824 — Full Word Study →, and turnוָשָׁ֖בwā·šāḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → and be healedוְרָ֥פָאwə·rā·p̄ā — To heal, restore to healthH7495 — Full Word Study →.” 11Then I askedוָאֹמַ֕רwā·’ō·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: “How longעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study →, O Lordאֲדֹנָ֑י’ă·ḏō·nāy — Master, LordH136 — Full Word Study →?” And He repliedוַיֹּ֡אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: “Untilעַ֣ד‘aḏ — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → the citiesעָרִ֜ים‘ā·rîm — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → lie ruinedשָׁא֨וּšā·’ū — to rush; to make desolate; to crash downH7582 — Full Word Study → and withoutמֵאֵ֣יןmê·’ên — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → inhabitantיוֹשֵׁ֗בyō·wō·šêḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study →, until the housesוּבָתִּים֙ū·ḇāt·tîm — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → are left unoccupiedמֵאֵ֣יןmê·’ên — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → and the landוְהָאֲדָמָ֖הwə·hā·’ă·ḏā·māh — Land, soil, ground, earthH127 — Full Word Study → is desolateתִּשָּׁאֶ֥הtiš·šā·’eh — to rush; to make desolate; to crash downH7582 — Full Word Study → and ravagedשְׁמָמָֽה׃šə·mā·māh — desolation, devastation, ruin, astonishmentH8077 — Full Word Study →, 12until the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → has driven menהָאָדָ֑םhā·’ā·ḏām — Man, mankind, human beingH120 — Full Word Study → far awayוְרִחַ֥קwə·ri·ḥaq — to be far, remove, distance oneselfH7368 — Full Word Study → and the landהָאָֽרֶץ׃hā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → is utterlyוְרַבָּ֥הwə·rab·bāh — to multiply, increase in number or abundanceH7231 — Full Word Study → forsakenהָעֲזוּבָ֖הhā·‘ă·zū·ḇāh — desolation, abandonment, forsakingH5805 — Full Word Study →. 13And thoughוְע֥וֹדwə·‘ō·wḏ — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study → a tenth remains in the land, it will beוְהָיְתָ֣הwə·hā·yə·ṯāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → burnedלְבָעֵ֑רlə·ḇā·‘êr — to burn, consume, or act brutishlyH1197 — Full Word Study → againוְשָׁ֖בָהwə·šā·ḇāh — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study →. As the terebinthכָּאֵלָ֣הkā·’ê·lāh — oak tree, a large sturdy treeH424 — Full Word Study → and oakוְכָאַלּ֗וֹןwə·ḵā·’al·lō·wn — Oak tree; a large, sturdy treeH437 — Full Word Study → leave stumpsמַצֶּ֣בֶתmaṣ·ṣe·ḇeṯ — Stone pillar or standing stone monumentH4678 — Full Word Study → when felledבְּשַׁלֶּ֙כֶת֙bə·šal·le·ḵeṯ — Falling, casting down, felled branchesH7995 — Full Word Study →, so the holyקֹ֖דֶשׁqō·ḏeš — Holiness, sacred, consecrated, set apartH6944 — Full Word Study → seedזֶ֥רַעze·ra‘ — Seed; offspring; descendant; progenyH2233 — Full Word Study → will be a stump in the land.”
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Chapter Commentary — Isaiah 6
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Isaiah chapter 6 records one of Scripture's most profound encounters with the holiness of God. Set in the year King Uzziah died, the prophet receives a vision of the Lord seated on His throne, surrounded by celestial beings who declare His infinite holiness. This chapter becomes a turning point in Isaiah's ministry: confronted by God's majesty and his own sinfulness, he is cleansed and commissioned to deliver a difficult message to a spiritually deaf and hardened people. The vision simultaneously humbles the prophet and equips him with hope, concluding with the promise of a holy remnant who will experience restoration.

Verses 1–5: The Vision of God's Majesty and the Prophet's Unworthiness

Isaiah begins by anchoring his vision to a specific historical moment: the death of King Uzziah. While earthly kings pass away, the prophet sees the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up—emphasizing God's absolute sovereignty and transcendence. The seraphims (burning ones) with their six wings—covering face and feet in reverence, using two to fly—underscore the atmosphere of holy worship. Their declaration, "Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts: the whole earth is full of his glory" (verse 3), is the Church's foundational confession of God's infinite moral perfection and universal dominion.

The physical manifestation—the doorposts moving, the temple filling with smoke—reminds us that encountering the holy God produces real, overwhelming effects. Yet the most important response comes from Isaiah himself in verse 5: "Woe is me! for I am undone; because I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips." Despite his position as a prophet, Isaiah's first response to God's holiness is not pride but profound conviction of sin. This is always the pattern: true sight of God produces true sight of ourselves.

Verses 6–8: Cleansing and Commission

The seraphim does not leave Isaiah in despair. One flies to him with a live coal from the altar—symbolizing atonement and purification. When applied to his lips, it brings both cleansing and assurance: "Thine iniquity is taken away, and thy sin purged" (verse 7). Only after experiencing God's forgiveness does Isaiah hear the divine call: "Whom shall I send, and who will go for us?" (verse 8). Note the intimate plural—a hint of the triune nature of God. Isaiah's response—"Here am I; send me"—flows naturally from gratitude for grace received. We serve best when we have first been forgiven much.

Verses 9–13: The Difficult Message and the Remnant Promise

God's commission, however, is bittersweet. Isaiah must proclaim a message that will harden rather than convert his hearers (verses 9–10). This passage expresses divine judgment: those who reject God's word end up unable to understand it. Yet even in judgment, God preserves hope. Verse 13 promises a "holy seed"—a faithful remnant like a tree's stump that retains life beneath the surface. Though the nation faces exile and desolation, God's purposes will not be thwarted. This remnant theme echoes throughout Isaiah and points ultimately to Christ.

Application for Today

Isaiah 6 calls us to renewed worship of God's holiness and honest confession of our sin. Like Isaiah, we cannot truly serve Christ until we have encountered His majesty and experienced His cleansing grace. If you have never experienced that transforming encounter with the holy God, cry out to Him today. And if hardness has grown in your own heart toward God's Word, remember: repentance is always available to those who turn. Finally, take courage: God's purposes include a remnant—His people—preserved by His grace to fulfill His will in a broken world.

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