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Isaiah 5

BSB·30 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1I will singאָשִׁ֤ירָה’ā·šî·rāh — to sing, make musicH7891 — Full Word Study → for my belovedלִֽידִידִ֔יlî·ḏî·ḏî — Beloved; one who is lovedH3039 — Full Word Study → a songשִׁירַ֥תšî·raṯ — Song; singing; musical compositionH7892 — Full Word Study → of his vineyardלְכַרְמ֑וֹlə·ḵar·mōw — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study →: My belovedלִֽידִידִ֖יlî·ḏî·ḏî — Beloved; one who is lovedH3039 — Full Word Study → hadהָיָ֥הhā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → a vineyardכֶּ֛רֶםke·rem — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → on a very fertileבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → hillבְּקֶ֥רֶןbə·qe·ren — horn; power; strength; cornerH7161 — Full Word Study →. 2He dug it upוַֽיְעַזְּקֵ֣הוּway·‘az·zə·qê·hū — to dig around; to fence or hedge aboutH5823 — Full Word Study → and cleared the stonesוַֽיְסַקְּלֵ֗הוּway·saq·qə·lê·hū — to stone; to throw stonesH5619 — Full Word Study → and plantedוַיִּטָּעֵ֙הוּ֙way·yiṭ·ṭā·‘ê·hū — to plant, establish, or fix firmlyH5193 — Full Word Study → the finest vinesשֹׂרֵ֔קśō·rêq — choice vine; noble wineH8321 — Full Word Study →. He builtוַיִּ֤בֶןway·yi·ḇen — to build, construct, establishH1129 — Full Word Study → a watchtowerמִגְדָּל֙miḡ·dāl — Tower; fortified structure; strongholdH4026 — Full Word Study → in the middleבְּתוֹכ֔וֹbə·ṯō·w·ḵōw — midst, among, between, throughH8432 — Full Word Study → andוְגַם־wə·ḡam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → dug outחָצֵ֣בḥā·ṣêḇ — To hew, cut, or carve outH2672 — Full Word Study → a winepress as well. He waited for the vineyard to yieldלַעֲשׂ֥וֹתla·‘ă·śō·wṯ — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → good grapesעֲנָבִ֖ים‘ă·nā·ḇîm — Grape or grapes; ripe fruit of the vineH6025 — Full Word Study →, but the fruit it producedוַיַּ֥עַשׂway·ya·‘aś — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → was sourבְּאֻשִֽׁים׃bə·’u·šîm — sour or wild grapes; fruit of degenerationH891 — Full Word Study →! 3And nowוְעַתָּ֛הwə·‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study →, O dwellersיוֹשֵׁ֥בyō·wō·šêḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → of Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֖םyə·rū·šā·lim — City of peaceH3389 — Full Word Study → and menוְאִ֣ישׁwə·’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → of Judahיְהוּדָ֑הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study →, I exhortנָ֕אnā — Please, I beseech, I prayH4994 — Full Word Study → you to judgeשִׁפְטוּ־šip̄·ṭū- — to judge, govern, or execute justiceH8199 — Full Word Study → between Meבֵּינִ֖יbê·nî — between, among, in the midst ofH996 — Full Word Study → and My vineyardכַּרְמִֽי׃kar·mî — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study →. 4Whatמַה־mah- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → moreעוֹד֙‘ō·wḏ — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study → could I have done for My vineyardלְכַרְמִ֔יlə·ḵar·mî — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → thanוְלֹ֥אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → I already did for it? Whyמַדּ֧וּעַmad·dū·a‘ — Why? For what reason?H4069 — Full Word Study →, when I expectedקִוֵּ֛יתִיqiw·wê·ṯî — To wait for; to expect with hopeH6960 — Full Word Study → sweet grapes, did it bring forthוַיַּ֥עַשׂway·ya·‘aś — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → sour fruitבְּאֻשִֽׁים׃bə·’u·šîm — sour or wild grapes; fruit of degenerationH891 — Full Word Study →? 5Nowוְעַתָּה֙wə·‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study → I will tell youאוֹדִֽיעָה־’ō·w·ḏî·‘āh- — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → whatאֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer- — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → Iאֲנִ֥י’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → am about to doעֹשֶׂ֖ה‘ō·śeh — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → to My vineyardלְכַרְמִ֑יlə·ḵar·mî — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study →: I will take awayהָסֵ֤רhā·sêr — to turn aside, depart, removeH5493 — Full Word Study → its hedgeמְשׂוּכָּתוֹ֙mə·śū·kā·ṯōw — a hedge or fence barrierH4881 — Full Word Study →, and it will beוְהָיָ֣הwə·hā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → consumedלְבָעֵ֔רlə·ḇā·‘êr — to burn, consume, or act brutishlyH1197 — Full Word Study →; I will tear downפָּרֹ֥ץpā·rōṣ — to break through, breach, or burst forthH6555 — Full Word Study → its wallגְּדֵר֖וֹgə·ḏê·rōw — Wall, fence, or barrier structureH1447 — Full Word Study →, and it will beוְהָיָ֥הwə·hā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → trampledלְמִרְמָֽס׃lə·mir·mās — trampling, treading underfoot, subjection through forceH4823 — Full Word Study →. 6I will makeוַאֲשִׁיתֵ֣הוּwa·’ă·šî·ṯê·hū — to set, place, or appointH7896 — Full Word Study → it a wastelandבָתָ֗הḇā·ṯāh — desolation, ruin, wastelandH1326 — Full Word Study →, neitherלֹ֤אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → prunedיִזָּמֵר֙yiz·zā·mêr — to prune; to trim branchesH2168 — Full Word Study → norוְלֹ֣אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → cultivatedיֵעָדֵ֔רyê·‘ā·ḏêr — To arrange in rows; to lack or failH5737 — Full Word Study →, and thornsוָשָׁ֑יִתwā·šā·yiṯ — thornbush, thorny plantH7898 — Full Word Study → and briersשָׁמִ֖ירšā·mîr — thorn, sharp-pointed plant; hardness or difficultyH8068 — Full Word Study → will grow upוְעָלָ֥הwə·‘ā·lāh — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study →. I will commandאֲצַוֶּ֔ה’ă·ṣaw·weh — to command, order, or appoint with authorityH6680 — Full Word Study → the cloudsהֶעָבִים֙he·‘ā·ḇîm — Cloud, thick cloud, or cloud massH5645 — Full Word Study → that rainמָטָֽר׃mā·ṭār — Rain; rainfall; precipitation from heavenH4306 — Full Word Study → shall not fallמֵהַמְטִ֥ירmê·ham·ṭîr — To rain; to send rainH4305 — Full Word Study → on itעָלָ֖יו‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →.” 7Forכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → the vineyardכֶ֜רֶםḵe·rem — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֤הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → of Hostsצְבָאוֹת֙ṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study → is the houseבֵּ֣יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →, and the menוְאִ֣ישׁwə·’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → of Judahיְהוּדָ֔הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study → are the plantנְטַ֖עnə·ṭa‘ — plantation, planted thing, seedlingH5194 — Full Word Study → of His delightשַׁעֲשׁוּעָ֑יוša·‘ă·šū·‘āw — Delight, pleasure, enjoymentH8191 — Full Word Study →. He lookedוַיְקַ֤וway·qaw — To wait for; to expect with hopeH6960 — Full Word Study → for justiceלְמִשְׁפָּט֙lə·miš·pāṭ — Justice, judgment, or legal decisionH4941 — Full Word Study →, but sawוְהִנֵּ֣הwə·hin·nêh — Look! Behold! Pay attention!H2009 — Full Word Study → bloodshedמִשְׂפָּ֔חmiś·pāḥ — Oppression, wrongdoing, injusticeH4939 — Full Word Study →; for righteousnessלִצְדָקָ֖הliṣ·ḏā·qāh — Righteousness, justice, right conductH6666 — Full Word Study →, but heardוְהִנֵּ֥הwə·hin·nêh — Look! Behold! Pay attention!H2009 — Full Word Study → a cry of distressצְעָקָֽה׃סṣə·‘ā·qāh — A cry or outcry; a call for helpH6818 — Full Word Study →. 8Woeה֗וֹיhō·w — Woe, alas, or lamentH1945 — Full Word Study → to you who addמַגִּיעֵ֥יmag·gî·‘ê — to touch, reach, strike, or come into contactH5060 — Full Word Study → houseבַ֙יִת֙ḇa·yiṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → to houseבְּבַ֔יִתbə·ḇa·yiṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → and joinיַקְרִ֑יבוּyaq·rî·ḇū — to approach, draw near, come forwardH7126 — Full Word Study → fieldשָׂדֶ֥הśā·ḏeh — A field; cultivated or open landH7704 — Full Word Study → to fieldבְשָׂדֶ֖הḇə·śā·ḏeh — A field; cultivated or open landH7704 — Full Word Study → untilעַ֚ד‘aḏ — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → noאֶ֣פֶס’e·p̄es — End, cessation, extremity; nothing, noughtH657 — Full Word Study → place is left and you liveוְהֽוּשַׁבְתֶּ֥םwə·hū·šaḇ·tem — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → aloneלְבַדְּכֶ֖םlə·ḇad·də·ḵem — alone, apart, or bar/poleH905 — Full Word Study → inבְּקֶ֥רֶבbə·qe·reḇ — midst, inner part, heart, inward beingH7130 — Full Word Study → the landהָאָֽרֶץ׃hā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →. 9I heardבְּאָזְנָ֖יbə·’ā·zə·nāy — Ear; the organ of hearing and listeningH241 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֣הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → of Hosts declare: “Surelyאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → manyרַבִּים֙rab·bîm — great, many, abundant, mightyH7227 — Full Word Study → housesבָּתִּ֤יםbāt·tîm — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → will becomeיִֽהְי֔וּyih·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → desolateלְשַׁמָּ֣הlə·šam·māh — desolation, horror, ruin, devastationH8047 — Full Word Study →, great mansionsגְּדֹלִ֥יםgə·ḏō·lîm — Great, mighty, large in size or significanceH1419 — Full Word Study → left unoccupiedיוֹשֵֽׁב׃yō·wō·šêḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study →. 10Forכִּ֗יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → tenעֲשֶׂ֙רֶת֙‘ă·śe·reṯ — The number ten; a complete group or setH6235 — Full Word Study → acresצִמְדֵּי־ṣim·dê- — a yoke or pair of animals (oxen, donkeys); a measure of landH6776 — Full Word Study → of vineyardכֶ֔רֶםḵe·rem — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → will yieldיַעֲשׂ֖וּya·‘ă·śū — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → but a bath of wine, and a homerחֹ֖מֶרḥō·mer — clay, mire, or a dry measure (homer)H2563 — Full Word Study → of seedוְזֶ֥רַעwə·ze·ra‘ — Seed; offspring; descendant; progenyH2233 — Full Word Study → only an ephah of grain.” 11Woeה֛וֹיhō·w — Woe, alas, or lamentH1945 — Full Word Study → to those who rise earlyמַשְׁכִּימֵ֥יmaš·kî·mê — To rise early, get up in the morningH7925 — Full Word Study → in the morningבַבֹּ֖קֶרḇab·bō·qer — Morning; daybreak; the early part of the dayH1242 — Full Word Study → in pursuit ofיִרְדֹּ֑פוּyir·dō·p̄ū — to pursue, chase, or persecuteH7291 — Full Word Study → strong drinkשֵׁכָ֣רšê·ḵār — Strong alcoholic drink, fermented beverages stronger than wineH7941 — Full Word Study →, who lingerמְאַחֲרֵ֣יmə·’a·ḥă·rê — to delay, tarry, or postpone actionH309 — Full Word Study → into the eveningבַנֶּ֔שֶׁףḇan·ne·šep̄ — twilight, dimness of dawn or duskH5399 — Full Word Study →, to be inflamedיַדְלִיקֵֽם׃yaḏ·lî·qêm — To burn, kindle, or pursue intenselyH1814 — Full Word Study → by wineיַ֖יִןya·yin — Wine; fermented grape juiceH3196 — Full Word Study →. 12At their feastsמִשְׁתֵּיהֶ֑םmiš·tê·hem — Feast, banquet, or festive mealH4960 — Full Word Study → are the lyreכִנּ֜וֹרḵin·nō·wr — stringed musical instrument; lyreH3658 — Full Word Study → and harp, tambourinesתֹּ֧ףtōp̄ — Tambourine; hand drum used in celebrationH8596 — Full Word Study → and flutesוְחָלִ֛ילwə·ḥā·lîl — flute or musical pipe instrumentH2485 — Full Word Study → and wineוָיַ֖יִןwā·ya·yin — Wine; fermented grape juiceH3196 — Full Word Study →. They disregardלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → the actionsפֹּ֤עַלpō·‘al — work, deed, or actionH6467 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → and failלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → to seeרָאֽוּ׃rā·’ū — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the workוּמַעֲשֵׂ֥הū·ma·‘ă·śêh — Work, deed, or actionH4639 — Full Word Study → of His handsיָדָ֖יוyā·ḏāw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study →. 13Thereforeלָכֵ֛ןlā·ḵên — so, thus, rightly, thereforeH3651 — Full Word Study → My peopleעַמִּ֖י‘am·mî — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → will go into exileגָּלָ֥הgā·lāh — HeglamH1540 — Full Word Study → for their lackמִבְּלִי־mib·bə·lî- — without, lack of, absenceH1097 — Full Word Study → of understandingדָ֑עַתḏā·‘aṯ — Knowledge, understanding, awarenessH1847 — Full Word Study →; their dignitariesוּכְבוֹדוֹ֙ū·ḵə·ḇō·w·ḏōw — weightiness, honor, splendor, gloryH3519 — Full Word Study → are starvingרָעָ֔בrā·‘āḇ — Famine; severe scarcity of foodH7458 — Full Word Study → and their massesוַהֲמוֹנ֖וֹwa·hă·mō·w·nōw — Crowd, tumult, noise, abundanceH1995 — Full Word Study → are parchedצִחֵ֥הṣi·ḥêh — parched, dried up, witheredH6704 — Full Word Study → with thirstצָמָֽא׃ṣā·mā — Thirst; a craving for waterH6772 — Full Word Study →. 14Thereforeלָכֵ֗ןlā·ḵên — so, thus, rightly, thereforeH3651 — Full Word Study → Sheolשְּׁאוֹל֙šə·’ō·wl — The grave; the abode of the dead; the underworldH7585 — Full Word Study → enlargesהִרְחִ֤יבָהhir·ḥî·ḇāh — to enlarge, make wide, expandH7337 — Full Word Study → its throatנַפְשָׁ֔הּnap̄·šāh — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study → and opensוּפָעֲרָ֥הū·p̄ā·‘ă·rāh — to open wide, gapeH6473 — Full Word Study → wide its enormousלִבְלִי־liḇ·lî- — without, lack of, absenceH1097 — Full Word Study → jawsפִ֖יהָp̄î·hā — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study →, and down goוְיָרַ֨דwə·yā·raḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → Zion’s nobles and masses, her revelersוּשְׁאוֹנָ֖הּū·šə·’ō·w·nāh — roar, tumult, noise, uproarH7588 — Full Word Study → and carousersוְעָלֵ֥זwə·‘ā·lêz — exultant, rejoicing, triumphantH5938 — Full Word Study →! 15So mankindאָדָ֖ם’ā·ḏām — Man, mankind, human beingH120 — Full Word Study → will be brought lowוַיִּשַּׁ֥חway·yiš·šaḥ — to bow down, bend, stoop, humble oneselfH7817 — Full Word Study →, and each manאִ֑ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → humbledוַיִּשְׁפַּל־way·yiš·pal- — To make low, humble, or abaseH8213 — Full Word Study →; the arrogantגְבֹהִ֖יםḡə·ḇō·hîm — high, exalted, or lofty in position or characterH1364 — Full Word Study → will lowerתִּשְׁפַּֽלְנָה׃tiš·pal·nāh — To make low, humble, or abaseH8213 — Full Word Study → their eyesוְעֵינֵ֥יwə·‘ê·nê — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study →. 16But the LORDיְהוָ֥הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → of Hostsצְבָא֖וֹתṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study → will be exaltedוַיִּגְבַּ֛הway·yiḡ·bah — to rise up, exalt, or be proud; to make highH1361 — Full Word Study → by His justiceבַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑טbam·miš·pāṭ — Justice, judgment, or legal decisionH4941 — Full Word Study →, and the holyהַקָּד֔וֹשׁhaq·qā·ḏō·wōš — Set apart, consecrated, sacredH6918 — Full Word Study → Godוְהָאֵל֙wə·hā·’êl — God, Mighty OneH410 — Full Word Study → will show Himself holyנִקְדָּ֖שׁniq·dāš — to set apart as holy; to consecrate or sanctifyH6942 — Full Word Study → in righteousnessבִּצְדָקָֽה׃biṣ·ḏā·qāh — Righteousness, justice, right conductH6666 — Full Word Study →. 17Lambsכְבָשִׂ֖יםḵə·ḇā·śîm — A young male sheep; lambH3532 — Full Word Study → will grazeוְרָע֥וּwə·rā·‘ū — to shepherd; to tend, feed, or pasture a flockH7462 — Full Word Study → as in their own pasturesכְּדָבְרָ֑םkə·ḏā·ḇə·rām — Pasture; fold; manner of arrangementH1699 — Full Word Study →, and strangersגָּרִ֥יםgā·rîm — to sojourn, dwell as a stranger, fearH1481 — Full Word Study → will feedיֹאכֵֽלוּ׃yō·ḵê·lū — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → in the ruinsוְחָרְב֥וֹתwə·ḥā·rə·ḇō·wṯ — Desolation, ruin, or waste placeH2723 — Full Word Study → of the wealthyמֵחִ֖יםmê·ḥîm — fattened animal, fatling, prime livestockH4220 — Full Word Study →. 18Woeה֛וֹיhō·w — Woe, alas, or lamentH1945 — Full Word Study → to those who drawמֹשְׁכֵ֥יmō·šə·ḵê — to draw, pull, extend, or prolongH4900 — Full Word Study → iniquityהֶֽעָוֺ֖ןhe·‘ā·wōn — Iniquity, guilt, or moral wrongdoingH5771 — Full Word Study → with cordsבְּחַבְלֵ֣יbə·ḥaḇ·lê — Rope, cord, line; inheritance; pain, sorrowH2256 — Full Word Study → of deceitהַשָּׁ֑וְאhaš·šāw — falsehood, deception, emptinessH7723 — Full Word Study → and pull sin alongחַטָּאָֽה׃ḥaṭ·ṭā·’āh — sin; sin offering; sinfulnessH2403 — Full Word Study → with cartהָעֲגָלָ֖הhā·‘ă·ḡā·lāh — Cart or wagon for transportH5699 — Full Word Study → ropesוְכַעֲב֥וֹתwə·ḵa·‘ă·ḇō·wṯ — Cord, rope, or binding bandH5688 — Full Word Study →, 19to those who sayהָאֹמְרִ֗יםhā·’ō·mə·rîm — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Let Him hurryיְמַהֵ֧ר׀yə·ma·hêr — to hurry, hasten, make hasteH4116 — Full Word Study → and hasten His workמַעֲשֵׂ֖הוּma·‘ă·śê·hū — Work, deed, or actionH4639 — Full Word Study → so thatלְמַ֣עַןlə·ma·‘an — because of, for the sake of, in order thatH4616 — Full Word Study → we may see itנִרְאֶ֑הnir·’eh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study →! Let the planעֲצַ֛ת‘ă·ṣaṯ — counsel, advice, or purposeH6098 — Full Word Study → of the Holyקְד֥וֹשׁqə·ḏō·wōš — Set apart, consecrated, sacredH6918 — Full Word Study → One of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → comeוְתָב֗וֹאָהwə·ṯā·ḇō·w·’āh — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → so that we may know itוְנֵדָֽעָה׃סwə·nê·ḏā·‘āh — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study →!” 20Woeה֣וֹיhō·w — Woe, alas, or lamentH1945 — Full Word Study → to those who callהָאֹמְרִ֥יםhā·’ō·mə·rîm — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → evilלָרַ֛עlā·ra‘ — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → goodט֖וֹבṭō·wḇ — good, beneficial, pleasing, wellH2896 — Full Word Study → and goodוְלַטּ֣וֹבwə·laṭ·ṭō·wḇ — good, beneficial, pleasing, wellH2896 — Full Word Study → evilרָ֑עrā‘ — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study →, who turnשָׂמִ֨יםśā·mîm — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → darknessחֹ֤שֶׁךְḥō·šeḵ — Darkness; absence of light; obscurityH2822 — Full Word Study → to lightלְאוֹר֙lə·’ō·wr — Light; brightness; illuminationH216 — Full Word Study → and lightוְא֣וֹרwə·’ō·wr — Light; brightness; illuminationH216 — Full Word Study → to darknessלְחֹ֔שֶׁךְlə·ḥō·šeḵ — Darkness; absence of light; obscurityH2822 — Full Word Study →, who replaceשָׂמִ֥יםśā·mîm — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → bitterמַ֛רmar — Bitter; marked by anguish or grievingH4751 — Full Word Study → with sweetלְמָת֖וֹקlə·mā·ṯō·wq — sweet, pleasant to taste or experienceH4966 — Full Word Study → and sweetוּמָת֥וֹקū·mā·ṯō·wq — sweet, pleasant to taste or experienceH4966 — Full Word Study → with bitterלְמָֽר׃סlə·mār — Bitter; marked by anguish or grievingH4751 — Full Word Study →. 21Woeה֖וֹיhō·w — Woe, alas, or lamentH1945 — Full Word Study → to those who are wiseחֲכָמִ֣יםḥă·ḵā·mîm — Wise, skilled, or cunning in understanding and discernmentH2450 — Full Word Study → in their own eyesבְּעֵֽינֵיהֶ֑םbə·‘ê·nê·hem — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → and cleverנְבֹנִֽים׃nə·ḇō·nîm — To understand, discern, perceiveH995 — Full Word Study → inוְנֶ֥גֶדwə·ne·ḡeḏ — before, in front of, in the presence ofH5048 — Full Word Study → their own sightפְּנֵיהֶ֖םpə·nê·hem — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →. 22Woeה֕וֹיhō·w — Woe, alas, or lamentH1945 — Full Word Study → to those who are heroesגִּבּוֹרִ֖יםgib·bō·w·rîm — mighty man, warrior, strong heroH1368 — Full Word Study → in drinkingלִשְׁתּ֣וֹתliš·tō·wṯ — to drink; consume liquidH8354 — Full Word Study → wineיָ֑יִןyā·yin — Wine; fermented grape juiceH3196 — Full Word Study → and championsוְאַנְשֵׁי־wə·’an·šê- — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → in mixingלִמְסֹ֥ךְlim·sōḵ — to mix, mingle, blend togetherH4537 — Full Word Study → strong drinkשֵׁכָֽר׃šê·ḵār — Strong alcoholic drink, fermented beverages stronger than wineH7941 — Full Word Study →, 23who acquitמַצְדִּיקֵ֥יmaṣ·dî·qê — To be righteous, justify, vindicateH6663 — Full Word Study → the guiltyרָשָׁ֖עrā·šā‘ — wicked, guilty, morally corruptH7563 — Full Word Study → forעֵ֣קֶב‘ê·qeḇ — heel, footprint, consequence, rewardH6118 — Full Word Study → a bribeשֹׁ֑חַדšō·ḥaḏ — A bribe; a gift given to corrupt or influenceH7810 — Full Word Study → and depriveיָסִ֥ירוּyā·sî·rū — to turn aside, depart, removeH5493 — Full Word Study → the innocentצַדִּיקִ֖יםṣad·dî·qîm — Righteous, just person; one who is right with GodH6662 — Full Word Study → of justiceוְצִדְקַ֥תwə·ṣiḏ·qaṯ — Righteousness, justice, right conductH6666 — Full Word Study →. 24Thereforeלָכֵן֩lā·ḵên — so, thus, rightly, thereforeH3651 — Full Word Study →, as a tongueלְשׁ֣וֹןlə·šō·wn — Tongue; language; speechH3956 — Full Word Study → of fireאֵ֗שׁ’êš — Fire; flame; burningH784 — Full Word Study → consumesכֶּאֱכֹ֨לke·’ĕ·ḵōl — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → the strawקַ֜שׁqaš — Stubble; remnant of grain stalksH7179 — Full Word Study →, and as dry grassוַחֲשַׁ֤שׁwa·ḥă·šaš — Chaff, husks of grainH2842 — Full Word Study → shrivelsיִרְפֶּ֔הyir·peh — to slacken, weaken, or grow feebleH7503 — Full Word Study → in the flameלֶֽהָבָה֙le·hā·ḇāh — A flame or blaze of fireH3852 — Full Word Study →, so their rootsשָׁרְשָׁם֙šā·rə·šām — Root; foundation; origin; bottomH8328 — Full Word Study → will decayיִֽהְיֶ֔הyih·yeh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → and their blossomsוּפִרְחָ֖םū·p̄ir·ḥām — Flower or blossom; blooming plant partH6525 — Full Word Study → will blow awayיַעֲלֶ֑הya·‘ă·leh — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → like dustכָּאָבָ֣קkā·’ā·ḇāq — dust, fine powder, debrisH80 — Full Word Study →; forכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → they have rejectedמָאֲס֗וּmā·’ă·sū — to reject, despise, or spurn with contemptH3988 — Full Word Study → the instructionתּוֹרַת֙tō·w·raṯ — instruction, teaching, law, guidanceH8451 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֣הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → of Hostsצְבָא֔וֹתṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study → and despisedנִאֵֽצוּ׃ni·’ê·ṣū — To spurn, reject, or treat with contemptH5006 — Full Word Study → the wordאִמְרַ֥ת’im·raṯ — A spoken word, utterance, or divine sayingH565 — Full Word Study → of the Holyקְדֽוֹשׁ־qə·ḏō·wōš- — Set apart, consecrated, sacredH6918 — Full Word Study → One of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →. 25Thereforeעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the angerאַף־’ap̄- — Anger, wrath, face, or noseH639 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֨הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → burnsחָרָה֩ḥā·rāh — to burn with anger, become incensedH2734 — Full Word Study → against His peopleבְּעַמּ֜וֹbə·‘am·mōw — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study →; His handיָד֧וֹyā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → is raisedוַיֵּ֣טway·yêṭ — to stretch out, extend, incline, bendH5186 — Full Word Study → against themעָלָ֣יו‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → to strike them downוַיַּכֵּ֗הוּway·yak·kê·hū — To strike, smite, or defeat with forceH5221 — Full Word Study →. The mountainsהֶֽהָרִ֔יםhe·hā·rîm — Mountain, hill, or elevated land massH2022 — Full Word Study → quakeוַֽיִּרְגְּזוּ֙way·yir·gə·zū — to tremble, shake, or be disturbedH7264 — Full Word Study →, and the corpsesנִבְלָתָ֛םniḇ·lā·ṯām — Carcass, dead body, carrionH5038 — Full Word Study → lay like refuseכַּסּוּחָ֖הkas·sū·ḥāh — Torn flesh, offal, carrionH5478 — Full Word Study → inבְּקֶ֣רֶבbə·qe·reḇ — midst, inner part, heart, inward beingH7130 — Full Word Study → the streetsחוּצ֑וֹתḥū·ṣō·wṯ — Outside, exterior, or open space beyond a boundaryH2351 — Full Word Study →. Despite allבְּכָל־bə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → thisזֹאת֙zōṯ — This, that; demonstrative pronounH2063 — Full Word Study →, His angerאַפּ֔וֹ’ap·pōw — Anger, wrath, face, or noseH639 — Full Word Study → is notלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → turned awayשָׁ֣בšāḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study →; His handיָד֥וֹyā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → is stillוְע֖וֹדwə·‘ō·wḏ — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study → upraisedנְטוּיָֽה׃nə·ṭū·yāh — to stretch out, extend, incline, bendH5186 — Full Word Study →. 26He liftsוְנָֽשָׂא־wə·nā·śā- — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study → a bannerנֵ֤סnês — Banner, standard, signalH5251 — Full Word Study → for the distantמֵרָח֔וֹקmê·rā·ḥō·wq — distant, far away, remote in space or timeH7350 — Full Word Study → nationsלַגּוֹיִם֙lag·gō·w·yim — Nation; a people or ethnic groupH1471 — Full Word Study → and whistlesוְשָׁ֥רַקwə·šā·raq — to whistle, hiss, or make a sharp soundH8319 — Full Word Study → for those at the endsמִקְצֵ֣הmiq·ṣêh — edge, border, extremity, endH7097 — Full Word Study → of the earthהָאָ֑רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →. Beholdוְהִנֵּ֥הwə·hin·nêh — Look! Behold! Pay attention!H2009 — Full Word Study →how speedilyמְהֵרָ֖הmə·hê·rāh — Haste, speed, urgency of actionH4120 — Full Word Study → and swiftlyקַ֥לqal — Swift, quick, light in weight or movementH7031 — Full Word Study → they comeיָבֽוֹא׃yā·ḇō·w — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study →! 27Noneאֵין־’ên- — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → of them grows wearyעָיֵ֤ף‘ā·yêp̄ — Weary, faint, exhaustedH5889 — Full Word Study → or stumblesכּוֹשֵׁל֙kō·wō·šêl — to stumble, fall, or collapseH3782 — Full Word Study →; noלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → one slumbersיָנ֖וּםyā·nūm — to slumber or doze lightlyH5123 — Full Word Study → orוְלֹ֣אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → sleepsיִישָׁ֑ןyî·šān — to sleep; to be asleep; dormant or inactiveH3462 — Full Word Study →. Noוְלֹ֤אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → beltאֵז֣וֹר’ê·zō·wr — A belt, girdle, or sash worn around the waistH232 — Full Word Study → is looseנִפְתַּח֙nip̄·taḥ — to open, loosen, or beginH6605 — Full Word Study → and noוְלֹ֥אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → sandalנְעָלָֽיו׃nə·‘ā·lāw — Sandal or shoe; footwearH5275 — Full Word Study → strapשְׂר֥וֹךְśə·rō·wḵ — Sandal thong or latchetH8288 — Full Word Study → is brokenנִתַּ֖קnit·taq — To tear away, pull out, or uproot violentlyH5423 — Full Word Study →. 28Their arrowsחִצָּיו֙ḥiṣ·ṣāw — Arrow; projectile weapon or shaftH2671 — Full Word Study → are sharpenedשְׁנוּנִ֔יםšə·nū·nîm — To sharpen; to make keen or acuteH8150 — Full Word Study →, and allוְכָל־wə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → their bowsקַשְּׁתֹתָ֖יוqaš·šə·ṯō·ṯāw — bow (weapon); arcH7198 — Full Word Study → are strungדְּרֻכ֑וֹתdə·ru·ḵō·wṯ — to tread, walk, or trample; to guide or leadH1869 — Full Word Study →. The hoovesפַּרְס֤וֹתpar·sō·wṯ — hoof; cloven footH6541 — Full Word Study → of their horsesסוּסָיו֙sū·sāw — horse; swift creatureH5483 — Full Word Study → are like flintכַּצַּ֣רkaṣ·ṣar — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study →; their chariot wheelsוְגַלְגִּלָּ֖יוwə·ḡal·gil·lāw — wheel; circular object or cycleH1534 — Full Word Study → are like a whirlwind. 29Their roaringשְׁאָגָ֥הšə·’ā·ḡāh — a roaring sound, roarH7581 — Full Word Study → is like that of a lionכַּלָּבִ֑יאkal·lā·ḇî — Lion; symbol of strength and ferocityH3833 — Full Word Study →; they roarוְשָׁאַגwə·šå̄·ʾaḡ — To roar; to make a loud, deep soundH7580 — Full Word Study → like young lionsכַּכְּפִירִ֤יםkak·kə·p̄î·rîm — Young lion; fierce strength and dangerH3715 — Full Word Study →. They growlוְיִנְהֹם֙wə·yin·hōm — to groan, roar, or moanH5098 — Full Word Study → and seizeוְיֹאחֵ֣זwə·yō·ḥêz — to grasp, seize, or take hold ofH270 — Full Word Study → their preyטֶ֔רֶףṭe·rep̄ — Prey; food torn apartH2964 — Full Word Study →; they carry it awayוְיַפְלִ֖יטwə·yap̄·lîṭ — to escape, slip away, deliver safelyH6403 — Full Word Study → from deliverance. 30In thatהַה֖וּאha·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → dayבַּיּ֥וֹםbay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → they will roarוְיִנְהֹ֥םwə·yin·hōm — to groan, roar, or moanH5098 — Full Word Study → over itעָלָ֛יו‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →, like the roaringכְּנַהֲמַת־kə·na·hă·maṯ- — groaning, roaring, disquietness of soulH5100 — Full Word Study → of the seaיָ֑םyām — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study →. If one looksוְנִבַּ֤טwə·nib·baṭ — To look upon, regard, or behold with attentionH5027 — Full Word Study → over the landלָאָ֙רֶץ֙lā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →, he will seeוְהִנֵּה־wə·hin·nêh- — Look! Behold! Pay attention!H2009 — Full Word Study → darknessחֹ֔שֶׁךְḥō·šeḵ — Darkness; absence of light; obscurityH2822 — Full Word Study → and distressצַ֣רṣar — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study →; even the lightוָא֔וֹרwā·’ō·wr — Light; brightness; illuminationH216 — Full Word Study → will be obscuredחָשַׁ֖ךְḥā·šaḵ — To darken, obscure, or hideH2821 — Full Word Study → by cloudsבַּעֲרִיפֶֽיהָ׃פba·‘ă·rî·p̄e·hā — cloud, cloud formationH6183 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Isaiah 5
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Isaiah 5 presents one of Scripture's most powerful parables of judgment, depicting Israel as a vineyard that has failed to produce the fruit God expected. Through vivid imagery, the prophet indicts the nation for injustice, greed, drunkenness, and moral corruption, announcing that God will withdraw His protection and allow foreign invasion. This chapter masterfully blends a love song turned lament with a series of "woe" pronouncements, showing that divine judgment always follows persistent rejection of God's law and righteousness.

Verses 1–7: The Parable of the Vineyard

Isaiah begins with a tender song about God's vineyard—a poetic device that would have resonated deeply with his Judean audience. God is portrayed as a devoted farmer who has done everything necessary for His vineyard to thrive: He chose a fertile location (verse 1), cleared the land, planted premium vines, built protective structures, and prepared equipment for harvest (verse 2). Yet despite this lavish care, the vineyard produced only wild grapes—worthless fruit instead of the good harvest He anticipated (verse 2).

In verse 3, Isaiah invites his listeners to serve as judges in God's case against the vineyard. Verse 4 poses a rhetorical question that emphasizes God's faithfulness and the vineyard's inexplicable failure: "What could have been done more?" This is not a failure on God's part, but a failure of the people to respond to His blessing with obedience. Verse 7 unveils the parable's meaning explicitly: the vineyard is the house of Israel, and God looked for judgment and righteousness but found oppression and injustice instead. The contrast is stark and sorrowful.

Verses 8–17: The Judgment and Its Agents

Having established the verdict, Isaiah pronounces a series of "woe" judgments targeting specific sins. Verses 8–10 condemn greedy land-grabbing and the wealthy elite who consolidate property while displacing the poor—a direct violation of God's covenant concern for justice. Verses 11–12 target drunkenness and revelry, noting that those who pursue sensual pleasure fail to regard God's works or contemplate His sovereignty. Verse 13 reveals the spiritual root: the people lack knowledge—not intellectual knowledge, but covenantal knowledge of who God is and what He demands.

Verses 14–16 describe the horrific consequences: captivity, famine, and social collapse. The grave (Sheol) opens wide to receive the proud and exalted. Yet remarkably, verse 16 pivots to God's vindication: the LORD is exalted in judgment, and God the Holy One is sanctified in righteousness. Even in wrath, God demonstrates His holiness and justice. The reference to lambs and waste places (verse 17) likely points to restoration for the remnant that survives judgment.

Verses 18–30: Five Woes Against Wickedness

Verses 18–24 contain five woe pronouncements against specific evils: deliberate sinfulness (18–19), moral inversion that calls evil good (20), prideful self-reliance (21), drunken strength (22), and judicial corruption (23). Each represents a fundamental rejection of God's moral order. Verse 24 warns that such rebellion results in utter destruction—root and blossom consumed like stubble in fire.

Verses 25–30 describe God's instrument of judgment: a distant nation He summons to invade Judah. This army is unstoppable, tireless, and equipped for total war. The imagery of lions roaring and darkness covering the land (verses 29–30) conveys both the ferocity of the invasion and the spiritual darkness that accompanies God's judgment.

Application for Today

Isaiah 5 reminds us that God's grace is never cheap, and His patience is not infinite. He invests lavishly in His people and expects a return of genuine obedience, justice, and worship. We must examine our own hearts: Do we pursue righteousness and mercy, or compromise with worldly values? Do we honor God's law, or redefine morality to suit our preferences? The chapter calls us to repentance while God's hand is still extended—before judgment falls.

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