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John 19

BSB·42 verses ·New Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Thenοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → tookἔλαβενelaben — to take, receive, or obtainG2983 — Full Word Study → JesusἸησοῦνIēsoun — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → had Him flogged. 2Theοἱhoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → soldiersστρατιῶταιstratiōtai — A soldier; warrior; military fighterG4757 — Full Word Study → twisted togetherπλέξαντεςplexantes — to weave or plait togetherG4120 — Full Word Study → a crownστέφανονstephanon — Crown; victor's wreath; honor or rewardG4735 — Full Word Study → ofἐξex — out from, out of, from withinG1537 — Full Word Study → thornsἀκανθῶνakanthōn — A thorn or prickly plantG173 — Full Word Study →, set it on Hisαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → headκεφαλῇkephalē — Head; chief; ruler; sourceG2776 — Full Word Study →, andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → dressedπεριέβαλονperiebalon — to clothe, wrap around, or coverG4016 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτόνauton — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → in a purpleπορφυροῦνporphyroun — Purple cloth or garment; royal colorG4210 — Full Word Study → robeἱμάτιονhimation — garment, outer clothing, robeG2440 — Full Word Study →. 3Andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → they went upἤρχοντοērchonto — to come, go, arrive, or appearG2064 — Full Word Study → toπρὸςpros — toward, to, with, in relation toG4314 — Full Word Study → Him again and again, sayingἔλεγονelegon — to speak, say, or tellG2036 — Full Word Study →, “HailΧαῖρεChaire — To rejoice, be glad, or greet with joyG5463 — Full Word Study →, KingΒασιλεὺςBasileus — A male ruler or sovereign; a kingG935 — Full Word Study → of theτῶνtōn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JewsἸουδαίωνIoudaiōn — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study →!” andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → slapping Him in the faceἐδίδοσανedidosan — to give, grant, or bestowG1325 — Full Word Study →. 4Once againπάλινpalin — again; once more; in returnG3825 — Full Word Study → PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → cameἐξῆλθενexēlthen — to go out, exit, or departG1831 — Full Word Study → outἔξωexō — outside, outer, or externalG1854 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → saidλέγειlegei — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study → to the Jews, “LookἼδεIde — Look! Behold! See!G2400 — Full Word Study →, I am bringingἄγωagō — to lead, bring, or carryG71 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτὸνauton — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → outἔξωexō — outside, outer, or externalG1854 — Full Word Study → to youὑμῖνhymin — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → toἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → let you knowγνῶτεgnōte — To know, understand, or perceiveG1097 — Full Word Study → thatὅτιhoti — that; because; since; introducing clauses of reason or contentG3754 — Full Word Study → I findεὑρίσκωheuriskō — to find, discover, or obtainG2147 — Full Word Study → noοὐδεμίανoudemian — no one, nothing, none at allG3762 — Full Word Study → basis for a chargeαἰτίανaitian — Cause, charge, or accusationG156 — Full Word Study → againstἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτῷautō — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study →.” 5When JesusἸησοῦςIēsous — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → cameἐξῆλθενexēlthen — to go out, exit, or departG1831 — Full Word Study → outἔξωexō — outside, outer, or externalG1854 — Full Word Study → wearingφορῶνphorōn — to wear or bear habituallyG5409 — Full Word Study → theτὸνton — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → crownστέφανονstephanon — Crown; victor's wreath; honor or rewardG4735 — Full Word Study → of thornsἀκάνθινονakanthinon — made of thorns; thornyG174 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → theτὸto — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → purpleπορφυροῦνporphyroun — Purple cloth or garment; royal colorG4210 — Full Word Study → robeἱμάτιονhimation — garment, outer clothing, robeG2440 — Full Word Study →, Pilate said to themαὐτοῖςautois — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study →, “Here is theho — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → manἄνθρωποςanthrōpos — human being, man, personG444 — Full Word Study →!” 6As soon asὍτεHote — when, at the time thatG3753 — Full Word Study → theοἱhoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → chief priestsἀρχιερεῖςarchiereis — High priest; chief priestG749 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → officersὑπηρέταιhypēretai — an attendant or assistant; a subordinate ministerG5257 — Full Word Study → sawεἶδονeidon — To see, perceive, or observe with the eyes or mindG3708 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτὸνauton — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study →, they shoutedἐκραύγασανekraugasan — to cry out loudly; to shout or screamG2905 — Full Word Study →, “Crucify Him! Crucify Him!” “You takeΛάβετεLabete — to take, receive, or obtainG2983 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτὸνauton — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → crucify Him,” PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → repliedΛέγειLegei — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study →, “forγὰρgar — for, because, since (causal/explanatory conjunction)G1063 — Full Word Study → Iἐγὼegō — I, me; the first-person singular pronounG1473 — Full Word Study → findεὑρίσκωheuriskō — to find, discover, or obtainG2147 — Full Word Study → noοὐχouch — No, not, negation particleG3756 — Full Word Study → basis for a chargeαἰτίανaitian — Cause, charge, or accusationG156 — Full Word Study → againstἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτῷautō — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study →.” 7WeἩμεῖςHēmeis — I, me; the first-person singular pronounG1473 — Full Word Study → haveἔχομενechomen — To have, hold, or possessG2192 — Full Word Study → a lawνόμονnomon — law, rule, or principleG3551 — Full Word Study →,” answeredἈπεκρίθησανApekrithēsan — To answer, respond, or replyG611 — Full Word Study → theοἱhoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JewsἸουδαῖοιIoudaioi — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study →, “andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → according toκατὰkata — according to, down along, againstG2596 — Full Word Study → that lawνόμονnomon — law, rule, or principleG3551 — Full Word Study → He mustὀφείλειopheilei — to owe; to be obligated or indebtedG3784 — Full Word Study → dieἀποθανεῖνapothanein — to die, to perish, to be put to deathG599 — Full Word Study →, becauseὅτιhoti — that; because; since; introducing clauses of reason or contentG3754 — Full Word Study → He declaredἐποίησενepoiēsen — to do, make, perform, or accomplishG4160 — Full Word Study → Himself to be the Son of GodΘεοῦTheou — God, the Divine BeingG2316 — Full Word Study →.” 8WhenὍτεHote — when, at the time thatG3753 — Full Word Study → PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → heardἤκουσενēkousen — to hear, listen, or understand by earG191 — Full Word Study → thisτοῦτονtouton — This one; he, she, it; that person or thingG3778 — Full Word Study → statementλόγονlogon — word, statement, message, divine utteranceG3056 — Full Word Study →, he was even more afraidἐφοβήθηephobēthē — to fear, be afraid; to reverence, respectG5399 — Full Word Study →, 9andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → he wentεἰσῆλθενeisēlthen — to enter, go in, come intoG1525 — Full Word Study → backπάλινpalin — again; once more; in returnG3825 — Full Word Study → intoεἰςeis — into, toward, untoG1519 — Full Word Study → theτὸto — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → Praetoriumπραιτώριονpraitōrion — Roman governor's official residence or judgment hallG4232 — Full Word Study →. “WhereΠόθενPothen — from where; whence; origin or sourceG4159 — Full Word Study → areεἶei — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → You fromσύsy — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study →?” he askedλέγειlegei — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study →. Butδὲde — thenG1161 — Full Word Study → JesusἸησοῦςIēsous — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → gave noἔδωκενedōken — to give, grant, or bestowG1325 — Full Word Study → answerἀπόκρισινapokrisin — A spoken response or answerG612 — Full Word Study →. 10Soοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → saidΛέγειLegei — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study → to Himαὐτῷautō — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study →, “Do You refuse to speakλαλεῖςlaleis — to speak, say, or utter wordsG2980 — Full Word Study → to meἘμοὶEmoi — I, me; the first-person singular pronounG1473 — Full Word Study →? Do You not knowοἶδαςoidas — to see, perceive, understand, knowG1492 — Full Word Study → thatὅτιhoti — that; because; since; introducing clauses of reason or contentG3754 — Full Word Study → I haveἔχωechō — To have, hold, or possessG2192 — Full Word Study → authorityἐξουσίανexousian — authority, power, or right to actG1849 — Full Word Study → to releaseἀπολῦσαίapolysai — to release, dismiss, or set freeG630 — Full Word Study → Youσεse — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → authorityἐξουσίανexousian — authority, power, or right to actG1849 — Full Word Study → to crucifyσταυρῶσαίstaurōsai — to crucify; to execute by crucifixionG4717 — Full Word Study → Youσεse — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study →?” 11JesusἸησοῦςIēsous — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → answeredἈπεκρίθηApekrithē — To answer, respond, or replyG611 — Full Word Study →, “You would haveεἶχεςeiches — To have, hold, or possessG2192 — Full Word Study → noΟὐκOuk — No, not, negation particleG3756 — Full Word Study → authorityἐξουσίανexousian — authority, power, or right to actG1849 — Full Word Study → overοὐδεμίανoudemian — no one, nothing, none at allG3762 — Full Word Study → Meἐμοῦemou — I, me; the first-person singular pronounG1473 — Full Word Study → ifεἰei — if; conditional conjunction introducing hypothetical or contingent circumstancesG1487 — Full Word Study → it wereἦνēn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → notμὴmē — Not; negation; lestG3361 — Full Word Study → givenδεδομένονdedomenon — to give, grant, or bestowG1325 — Full Word Study → to youσοιsoi — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → from aboveἄνωθενanōthen — from above; again; from the beginningG509 — Full Word Study →. Thereforeδιὰdia — through; by means of; because ofG1223 — Full Word Study → the one who handed Me overπαραδούςparadous — to hand over; to deliver up; to betrayG3860 — Full Word Study → to youσοιsoi — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → is guilty of greaterμείζοναmeizona — Great in size, power, or intensityG3173 — Full Word Study → sinἁμαρτίανhamartian — transgression, violation of God's law; wrongdoingG266 — Full Word Study →.” 12From then onἘκEk — out from, out of, from withinG1537 — Full Word Study →, PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → triedἐζήτειezētei — to seek, search for, desire, requireG2212 — Full Word Study → to releaseἀπολῦσαιapolysai — to release, dismiss, or set freeG630 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτόνauton — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study →, butδὲde — thenG1161 — Full Word Study → theοἱhoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JewsἸουδαῖοιIoudaioi — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study → kept shoutingἐκραύγασανekraugasan — to cry out loudly; to shout or screamG2905 — Full Word Study →, “IfἘὰνEan — conditional particle; if, whether, in case thatG1437 — Full Word Study → you releaseἀπολύσῃςapolysēs — to release, dismiss, or set freeG630 — Full Word Study → this man, you areεἶei — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → noοὐκouk — No, not, negation particleG3756 — Full Word Study → friendφίλοςphilos — friend; one who is lovedG5384 — Full Word Study → of CaesarΚαίσαροςKaisaros — Roman EmperorG2541 — Full Word Study →. Anyoneπᾶςpas — all, every, the whole ofG3956 — Full Word Study → whoho — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → declaresποιῶνpoiōn — to do, make, perform, or accomplishG4160 — Full Word Study → himselfἑαυτὸνheauton — himself, herself, itself, themselves; oneselfG1438 — Full Word Study → a kingβασιλέαbasilea — A male ruler or sovereign; a kingG935 — Full Word Study → is defyingἀντιλέγειantilegei — To contradict, dispute, or speak againstG483 — Full Word Study → CaesarΚαίσαριKaisari — Roman EmperorG2541 — Full Word Study →.” 13When PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → heardἀκούσαςakousas — to hear, listen, or understand by earG191 — Full Word Study → theseτούτωνtoutōn — This one; he, she, it; that person or thingG3778 — Full Word Study → wordsλόγωνlogōn — word, statement, message, divine utteranceG3056 — Full Word Study →, he broughtἤγαγενēgagen — to lead, bring, or carryG71 — Full Word Study → JesusἸησοῦνIēsoun — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → outἔξωexō — outside, outer, or externalG1854 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → satἐκάθισενekathisen — to sit down, be seated, or remain in a placeG2523 — Full Word Study → onἐπὶepi — upon, on, over, againstG1909 — Full Word Study → the judgment seatεἰςeis — into, toward, untoG1519 — Full Word Study → at a placeτόπονtopon — A physical or geographical location; a place or regionG5117 — Full Word Study → calledλεγόμενονlegomenon — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study → the Stone Pavement, which in HebrewἙβραϊστὶHebraisti — Hebrew languageG1447 — Full Word Study → is Gabbatha. 14It wasἦνēn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → the day of PreparationΠαρασκευὴParaskeuē — Preparation DayG3904 — Full Word Study → for theτοῦtou — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → Passoverπάσχαpascha — Passover; the annual Jewish feast commemorating deliverance from EgyptG3957 — Full Word Study →, aboutὡςhōs — as, like, when, in the manner thatG5613 — Full Word Study → the sixthἕκτηhektē — the number sixth; sixth in order or sequenceG1623 — Full Word Study → hourὥραhōra — A period of time; hour, season, or appointed momentG5610 — Full Word Study →. Andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → Pilate said to theτοῖςtois — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JewsἸουδαίοιςIoudaiois — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study →, “Here isἼδεIde — Look! Behold! See!G2400 — Full Word Study → yourὑμῶνhymōn — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → KingΒασιλεὺςBasileus — A male ruler or sovereign; a kingG935 — Full Word Study →!” 15At thisοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study →, they shoutedἘκραύγασανEkraugasan — to cry out loudly; to shout or screamG2905 — Full Word Study →, “AwayἎρονAron — to lift up, take away, removeG142 — Full Word Study → with HimἘκεῖνοιEkeinoi — that one, that person, the otherG1565 — Full Word Study →! Away with Him! Crucifyσταύρωσονstaurōson — to crucify; to execute by crucifixionG4717 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτόνauton — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study →!” “Shall I crucifyσταυρώσωstaurōsō — to crucify; to execute by crucifixionG4717 — Full Word Study → yourὑμῶνhymōn — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → KingΒασιλέαBasilea — A male ruler or sovereign; a kingG935 — Full Word Study →?” PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → askedΛέγειLegei — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study →. “We haveἔχομενechomen — To have, hold, or possessG2192 — Full Word Study → noΟὐκOuk — No, not, negation particleG3756 — Full Word Study → kingβασιλέαbasilea — A male ruler or sovereign; a kingG935 — Full Word Study → butεἰei — if; conditional conjunction introducing hypothetical or contingent circumstancesG1487 — Full Word Study → CaesarΚαίσαραKaisara — Roman EmperorG2541 — Full Word Study →,” repliedἈπεκρίθησανApekrithēsan — To answer, respond, or replyG611 — Full Word Study → theοἱhoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → chief priestsἀρχιερεῖςarchiereis — High priest; chief priestG749 — Full Word Study →. 16Thenοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → Pilate handed Jesus over toἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → be crucifiedσταυρωθῇstaurōthē — to crucify; to execute by crucifixionG4717 — Full Word Study →, and the soldiers took Him away. 17Carryingβαστάζωνbastazōn — to carry, bear, or take upG941 — Full Word Study → His own crossσταυρὸνstauron — wooden cross; instrument of executionG4716 — Full Word Study →, He went outἐξῆλθενexēlthen — to go out, exit, or departG1831 — Full Word Study → toεἰςeis — into, toward, untoG1519 — Full Word Study → The Place of the SkullΚρανίουKraniou — Skull, place of executionG2898 — Full Word Study →, whichho — who, which, thatG3739 — Full Word Study → in HebrewἙβραϊστὶHebraisti — Hebrew languageG1447 — Full Word Study → is calledλέγεταιlegetai — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study → GolgothaΓολγοθᾶGolgotha — Place of the skullG1115 — Full Word Study →. 18There they crucifiedἐσταύρωσανestaurōsan — to crucify; to execute by crucifixionG4717 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτὸνauton — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study →, andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → withμετ’met’ — with, after, among, followingG3326 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → twoδύοdyo — the number two; a pairG1417 — Full Word Study → othersἄλλουςallous — another, other, different oneG243 — Full Word Study →, one on each side, with JesusἸησοῦνIēsoun — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → in the middleμέσονmeson — middle, midst, betweenG3319 — Full Word Study →. 19PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → alsoκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → had a noticeτίτλονtitlon — inscription, written title, or placardG5102 — Full Word Study → postedἔθηκενethēken — To place, set, or lay downG5087 — Full Word Study → onἐπὶepi — upon, on, over, againstG1909 — Full Word Study → theτοῦtou — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → crossσταυροῦstaurou — wooden cross; instrument of executionG4716 — Full Word Study →. It readἦνēn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study →: JESUSΙΗΣΟΥΣIĒSOUS — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → OFΟ*HO — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → NAZARETHΝΑΖΩΡΑΙΟΣNAZŌRAIOS — Nazarene, from NazarethG3480 — Full Word Study →, THEΟ*HO — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → KINGΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣBASILEUS — A male ruler or sovereign; a kingG935 — Full Word Study → OF THEΤΩΝTŌN — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JEWSΙΟΥΔΑΙΩΝIOUDAIŌN — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study →. 20Manyπολλοὶpolloi — much, many, great in quantity or degreeG4183 — Full Word Study → of theτῶνtōn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JewsἸουδαίωνIoudaiōn — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study → readἀνέγνωσανanegnōsan — to read aloud or reciteG314 — Full Word Study → thisΤοῦτονTouton — This one; he, she, it; that person or thingG3778 — Full Word Study → signτίτλονtitlon — inscription, written title, or placardG5102 — Full Word Study →, becauseὅτιhoti — that; because; since; introducing clauses of reason or contentG3754 — Full Word Study → theho — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → placeτόποςtopos — A physical or geographical location; a place or regionG5117 — Full Word Study → whereὅπουhopou — where, wherever, the place in whichG3699 — Full Word Study → JesusἸησοῦςIēsous — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → was crucifiedἐσταυρώθηestaurōthē — to crucify; to execute by crucifixionG4717 — Full Word Study → wasἦνēn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → nearἐγγὺςengys — Near, close at hand, at handG1451 — Full Word Study → theτῆςtēs — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → cityπόλεωςpoleōs — A city; a populated urban centerG4172 — Full Word Study →, andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → it wasἦνēn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → writtenγεγραμμένονgegrammenon — to write or compose in written formG1125 — Full Word Study → in HebrewἙβραϊστίHebraisti — Hebrew languageG1447 — Full Word Study →, LatinῬωμαϊστίRhōmaisti — in the Latin languageG4515 — Full Word Study →, and Greek. 21Soοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → theοἱhoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → chief priestsἀρχιερεῖςarchiereis — High priest; chief priestG749 — Full Word Study → of theτῶνtōn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JewsἸουδαίωνIoudaiōn — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study → saidἔλεγονelegon — to speak, say, or tellG2036 — Full Word Study → to PilateΠιλάτῳPilatō — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study →, “Do not writeγράφεgraphe — to write or compose in written formG1125 — Full Word Study →, ‘TheHo — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → KingΒασιλεὺςBasileus — A male ruler or sovereign; a kingG935 — Full Word Study → of theτῶνtōn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JewsἸουδαίωνIoudaiōn — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study →,’ but onlyἀλλ’all’ — but, yet, rather, on the other handG235 — Full Word Study → thatὅτιhoti — that; because; since; introducing clauses of reason or contentG3754 — Full Word Study → Heἐκεῖνοςekeinos — that one, that person, the otherG1565 — Full Word Study → saidεἶπενeipen — to speak, say, or tellG2036 — Full Word Study →, ‘I amεἰμιeimi — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → the King of the«τῶνtōn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JewsἸουδαίων»Ioudaiōn — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study →.’” 22PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → answeredἈπεκρίθηApekrithē — To answer, respond, or replyG611 — Full Word Study →, “WhatHo — who, which, thatG3739 — Full Word Study → I have writtenγέγραφαgegrapha — to write or compose in written formG1125 — Full Word Study →, I have writtenγέγραφαgegrapha — to write or compose in written formG1125 — Full Word Study →.” 23Whenὅτεhote — when, at the time thatG3753 — Full Word Study → theΟἱHoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → soldiersστρατιῶταιstratiōtai — A soldier; warrior; military fighterG4757 — Full Word Study → had crucifiedἐσταύρωσανestaurōsan — to crucify; to execute by crucifixionG4717 — Full Word Study → JesusἸησοῦνIēsoun — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study →, they dividedἔλαβονelabon — to take, receive, or obtainG2983 — Full Word Study → Hisαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → garmentsἱμάτιαhimatia — garment, outer clothing, robeG2440 — Full Word Study → into four partsμέρηmerē — a part, portion, or share of a wholeG3313 — Full Word Study →, one for eachἑκάστῳhekastō — eachG1538 — Full Word Study → soldierστρατιώτῃstratiōtē — A soldier; warrior; military fighterG4757 — Full Word Study →, with theτὸνton — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → tunic remaining. It wasἦνēn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → seamlessἄραφοςaraphos — seamless, without a seam or jointG729 — Full Word Study →, wovenὑφαντὸςhyphantos — woven, interlaced fabricG5307 — Full Word Study → in one pieceὅλουholou — whole, entire, all, completeG3650 — Full Word Study → fromἐκek — out from, out of, from withinG1537 — Full Word Study → top to bottomἄνωθενanōthen — from above; again; from the beginningG509 — Full Word Study →. 24Soοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → they saidεἶπανeipan — to speak, say, or tellG2036 — Full Word Study → toπρὸςpros — toward, to, with, in relation toG4314 — Full Word Study → one anotherἀλλήλουςallēlous — one another; mutual relationshipG240 — Full Word Study →, “Let us not tear itσχίσωμενschisōmen — to split, tear, or rend apartG4977 — Full Word Study →. Insteadἀλλὰalla — but, yet, rather, on the other handG235 — Full Word Study →, let us cast lotsλάχωμενlachōmen — to obtain by lot; to be allottedG2975 — Full Word Study → to seeπερὶperi — about, concerning, around, on behalf ofG4012 — Full Word Study → whoτίνοςtinos — Who? What? Which? (interrogative pronoun)G5101 — Full Word Study → will get itαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study →.” This was toἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → fulfillπληρωθῇplērōthē — to fill up, complete, or bring to fulfillmentG4137 — Full Word Study → thehē — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → Scriptureγραφὴgraphē — Writing, scripture, sacred textG1124 — Full Word Study →: “They dividedΔιεμερίσαντοDiemerisanto — to divide, split, or distribute into partsG1266 — Full Word Study → Myμουmou — I, me; the first-person singular pronounG1473 — Full Word Study → garmentsἱμάτιάhimatia — garment, outer clothing, robeG2440 — Full Word Study → among themἑαυτοῖςheautois — himself, herself, itself, themselves; oneselfG1438 — Full Word Study →, andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → castἔβαλονebalon — to throw, cast, or hurl with forceG906 — Full Word Study → lotsκλῆρονklēron — lot, inheritance, portion, allotmentG2819 — Full Word Study → forἐπὶepi — upon, on, over, againstG1909 — Full Word Study → Myμουmou — I, me; the first-person singular pronounG1473 — Full Word Study → clothingἱματισμόνhimatismon — Clothing, garments, or apparel worn on the bodyG2441 — Full Word Study →.” Soοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → that is what theΟἱHoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → soldiersστρατιῶταιstratiōtai — A soldier; warrior; military fighterG4757 — Full Word Study → didἐποίησανepoiēsan — to do, make, perform, or accomplishG4160 — Full Word Study →. 25Nearπαρὰpara — from, beside, with, nearG3844 — Full Word Study → theτῷtō — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → crossσταυρῷstaurō — wooden cross; instrument of executionG4716 — Full Word Study → of JesusἸησοῦIēsou — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → stoodΕἱστήκεισανHeistēkeisan — to stand, establish, or cause to standG2476 — Full Word Study → Hisαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → motherμήτηρmētēr — mother; female parentG3384 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → her sisterἀδελφὴadelphē — female sibling; woman in spiritual kinshipG79 — Full Word Study →, as well as Mary the wife of ClopasΚλωπᾶKlōpa — Father of JamesG2832 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → MaryΜαρίαMaria — Of the seaG3137 — Full Word Study → MagdaleneΜαγδαληνήMagdalēnē — Of MagdalaG3094 — Full Word Study →. 26When JesusἸησοῦςIēsous — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → sawἰδὼνidōn — To see, perceive, or observe with the eyes or mindG3708 — Full Word Study → His motherμητέραmētera — mother; female parentG3384 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → theτὸνton — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → discipleμαθητὴνmathētēn — A learner or follower of a teacherG3101 — Full Word Study → whomὃνhon — who, which, thatG3739 — Full Word Study → He lovedἠγάπαēgapa — to love deeply; to cherish with affectionG25 — Full Word Study → standing nearbyπαρεστῶταparestōta — to stand beside; to present or offerG3936 — Full Word Study →, He saidλέγειlegei — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study → toτῇtē — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → His mother, “WomanΓύναιGynai — woman; wife; female personG1135 — Full Word Study →, here is yourσουsou — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → sonυἱόςhuios — Son; male child or descendantG5207 — Full Word Study →.” 27Thenεἶταeita — then, next, afterwards, subsequentlyG1534 — Full Word Study → He saidλέγειlegei — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study → to theτῷtō — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → discipleμαθητῇmathētē — A learner or follower of a teacherG3101 — Full Word Study →, “Here is yourσουsou — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → motherμήτηρmētēr — mother; female parentG3384 — Full Word Study →.” Soκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → fromἀπ’ap’ — from, away from, out ofG575 — Full Word Study → thatἐκείνηςekeinēs — that one, that person, the otherG1565 — Full Word Study → hourὥραςhōras — A period of time; hour, season, or appointed momentG5610 — Full Word Study →, this discipleμαθητὴςmathētēs — A learner or follower of a teacherG3101 — Full Word Study → tookἔλαβενelaben — to take, receive, or obtainG2983 — Full Word Study → herαὐτὴνautēn — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → intoεἰςeis — into, toward, untoG1519 — Full Word Study → his home. 28AfterΜετὰMeta — with, after, among, followingG3326 — Full Word Study → thisτοῦτοtouto — This one; he, she, it; that person or thingG3778 — Full Word Study →, knowingεἰδὼςeidōs — to see, perceive, understand, knowG1492 — Full Word Study → thatὅτιhoti — that; because; since; introducing clauses of reason or contentG3754 — Full Word Study → everythingπάνταpanta — all, every, the whole ofG3956 — Full Word Study → had now been accomplishedτετέλεσταιtetelestai — to finish, complete, accomplish, fulfillG5055 — Full Word Study →, and to fulfillτελειωθῇteleiōthē — to make perfect, complete, or matureG5048 — Full Word Study → thehē — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → Scriptureγραφὴgraphē — Writing, scripture, sacred textG1124 — Full Word Study →, JesusἸησοῦςIēsous — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → saidλέγειlegei — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study →, “I am thirstyΔιψῶDipsō — to thirst; to have a strong desire or cravingG1372 — Full Word Study →.” 29A jarσκεῦοςskeuos — a vessel, container, or instrument for useG4632 — Full Word Study → ofμεστόνmeston — full, filled, completely occupiedG3324 — Full Word Study → sour wineὄξουςoxous — Sour wine or vinegarG3690 — Full Word Study → was sitting there. Soοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → they soakedμεστὸνmeston — full, filled, completely occupiedG3324 — Full Word Study → a spongeσπόγγονspongon — A porous absorbent material used for soaking up liquidsG4699 — Full Word Study → in the wine, put it on a stalk of hyssopὑσσώπῳhyssōpō — A bushy aromatic herb used in Jewish ritual purificationG5301 — Full Word Study →, and lifted itαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → to His mouthστόματιstomati — mouth; opening; edgeG4750 — Full Word Study →. 30Whenὅτεhote — when, at the time thatG3753 — Full Word Study → JesusἸησοῦςIēsous — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → had receivedἔλαβενelaben — to take, receive, or obtainG2983 — Full Word Study → theτὸto — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → sour wineὄξοςoxos — Sour wine or vinegarG3690 — Full Word Study →, He saidεἶπενeipen — to speak, say, or tellG2036 — Full Word Study →, “It is finishedΤετέλεσταιTetelestai — to finish, complete, accomplish, fulfillG5055 — Full Word Study →.” Andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → bowingκλίναςklinas — to bow down, recline, or declineG2827 — Full Word Study → His headκεφαλὴνkephalēn — Head; chief; ruler; sourceG2776 — Full Word Study →, He yielded upπαρέδωκενparedōken — to hand over; to deliver up; to betrayG3860 — Full Word Study → His spiritπνεῦμαpneuma — Spirit; breath; immaterial nature or beingG4151 — Full Word Study →. 31It wasἦνēn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → the dayἡμέραhēmera — A 24-hour period; time; eraG2250 — Full Word Study → of Preparation, and the next day wasἦνēn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → a Highμεγάληmegalē — Great in size, power, or intensityG3173 — Full Word Study → Sabbathσαββάτουsabbatou — The seventh day of restG4521 — Full Word Study →. In order thatἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → theτὰta — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → bodiesσώματαsōmata — Physical body; corporeal formG4983 — Full Word Study → would not remainμείνῃmeinē — to remain, stay, abide, endureG3306 — Full Word Study → onἐπὶepi — upon, on, over, againstG1909 — Full Word Study → theτοῦtou — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → crossσταυροῦstaurou — wooden cross; instrument of executionG4716 — Full Word Study → duringἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → theτῷtō — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → Sabbathσαββάτῳsabbatō — The seventh day of restG4521 — Full Word Study →, theΟἱHoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JewsἸουδαῖοιIoudaioi — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study → askedἠρώτησανērōtēsan — to ask, request, or beseech earnestlyG2065 — Full Word Study → PilateΠιλᾶτονPilaton — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → to haveἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → theτὰta — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → legsσκέληskelē — leg; limb of the bodyG4628 — Full Word Study → brokenκατεαγῶσινkateagōsin — To break, shatter, or crushG2608 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → the bodies removedἀρθῶσινarthōsin — to lift up, take away, removeG142 — Full Word Study →. 32Soοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → theοἱhoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → soldiersστρατιῶταιstratiōtai — A soldier; warrior; military fighterG4757 — Full Word Study → cameἦλθονēlthon — to come, go, arrive, or appearG2064 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → brokeκατέαξανkateaxan — To break, shatter, or crushG2608 — Full Word Study → theτὰta — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → legsσκέληskelē — leg; limb of the bodyG4628 — Full Word Study → of theτοῦtou — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → first man whoτοῦtou — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → had been crucified withσυσταυρωθέντοςsystaurōthentos — to crucify together withG4957 — Full Word Study → Jesus, andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → those of the otherἄλλουallou — another, other, different oneG243 — Full Word Study →. 33Butδὲde — thenG1161 — Full Word Study → whenὡςhōs — as, like, when, in the manner thatG5613 — Full Word Study → they cameἐλθόντεςelthontes — to come, go, arrive, or appearG2064 — Full Word Study → toἐπὶepi — upon, on, over, againstG1909 — Full Word Study → JesusἸησοῦνIēsoun — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → and saw that Heαὐτὸνauton — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → was alreadyἤδηēdē — Already, by now, at this present timeG2235 — Full Word Study → deadτεθνηκόταtethnēkota — to die, to be dead, to experience deathG2348 — Full Word Study →, they did not breakκατέαξανkateaxan — To break, shatter, or crushG2608 — Full Word Study → Hisαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → legsσκέληskelē — leg; limb of the bodyG4628 — Full Word Study →. 34Insteadἀλλ’all’ — but, yet, rather, on the other handG235 — Full Word Study →, oneεἷςheis — one, a single unit, unifiedG1520 — Full Word Study → of theτῶνtōn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → soldiersστρατιωτῶνstratiōtōn — A soldier; warrior; military fighterG4757 — Full Word Study → piercedἔνυξενenyxen — to pierce or prickG3572 — Full Word Study → Hisαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → sideπλευρὰνpleuran — side, flank, or lateral surfaceG4125 — Full Word Study → with a spearλόγχῃlonchē — A spear or lance; a piercing weaponG3057 — Full Word Study →, andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → immediatelyεὐθὺςeuthys — immediately, at once, without delayG2112 — Full Word Study → bloodαἷμαhaima — blood; life force; violent deathG129 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → waterὕδωρhydōr — Water; liquid elementG5204 — Full Word Study → flowed outἐξῆλθενexēlthen — to go out, exit, or departG1831 — Full Word Study →. 35The one who saw it has testified to thisμεμαρτύρηκενmemartyrēken — To testify, bear witness, give testimonyG3140 — Full Word Study →, andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → hisαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → testimonyμαρτυρίαmartyria — Formal testimony or witness givenG3141 — Full Word Study → isἐστινestin — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → trueἀληθινὴalēthinē — genuine, authentic, realG228 — Full Word Study →. Heἐκεῖνοςekeinos — that one, that person, the otherG1565 — Full Word Study → knowsοἶδενoiden — to see, perceive, understand, knowG1492 — Full Word Study → thatὅτιhoti — that; because; since; introducing clauses of reason or contentG3754 — Full Word Study → he is tellingλέγειlegei — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study → the truth, so thatἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → youὑμεῖςhymeis — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → alsoκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → may believeπιστεύητεpisteuēte — to believe, trust, have faith inG4100 — Full Word Study →. 36Nowγὰρgar — for, because, since (causal/explanatory conjunction)G1063 — Full Word Study → these thingsταῦταtauta — This one; he, she, it; that person or thingG3778 — Full Word Study → happenedἘγένετοEgeneto — to become, come into being, happenG1096 — Full Word Study → so thatἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → thehē — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → Scriptureγραφὴgraphē — Writing, scripture, sacred textG1124 — Full Word Study → would be fulfilledπληρωθῇplērōthē — to fill up, complete, or bring to fulfillmentG4137 — Full Word Study →: “Not oneοὐou — No, not, negation particleG3756 — Full Word Study → of Hisαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → bonesὈστοῦνOstoun — bone; skeletal structureG3747 — Full Word Study → will be brokenσυντριβήσεταιsyntribēsetai — to break in pieces, crush, shatterG4937 — Full Word Study →.” 37Andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study →, as anotherἑτέραhetera — another, different, otherG2087 — Full Word Study → Scriptureγραφὴgraphē — Writing, scripture, sacred textG1124 — Full Word Study → saysλέγειlegei — to say, speak, or tellG3004 — Full Word Study →: “They will lookὌψονταιOpsontai — To see, perceive, or observe with the eyes or mindG3708 — Full Word Study → onεἰςeis — into, toward, untoG1519 — Full Word Study → the One they have piercedἐξεκέντησανexekentēsan — To pierce through; to perforateG1574 — Full Word Study →.” 38Afterwardδὲde — thenG1161 — Full Word Study →, JosephἸωσὴφIōsēph — God will increaseG2501 — Full Word Study → ofἀπὸapo — from, away from, out ofG575 — Full Word Study → ArimatheaἉριμαθαίαςHarimathaias — A town in JudeaG707 — Full Word Study →, who wasὢνōn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → a discipleμαθητὴςmathētēs — A learner or follower of a teacherG3101 — Full Word Study → of JesusἸησοῦIēsou — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → (butδὲde — thenG1161 — Full Word Study → secretlyκεκρυμμένοςkekrymmenos — to hide, conceal, or keep secretG2928 — Full Word Study → forδιὰdia — through; by means of; because ofG1223 — Full Word Study → fearφόβονphobon — Fear, terror, or reverent aweG5401 — Full Word Study → of theτῶνtōn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → Jews)ἸουδαίωνIoudaiōn — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study →, askedἠρώτησενērōtēsen — to ask, request, or beseech earnestlyG2065 — Full Word Study → PilateΠιλᾶτονPilaton — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → toἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → let him removeἄρῃarē — to lift up, take away, removeG142 — Full Word Study → theτὸto — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → bodyσῶμαsōma — Physical body; corporeal formG4983 — Full Word Study → of JesusἸησοῦIēsou — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study →. PilateΠιλᾶτοςPilatos — Roman prefect of JudeaG4091 — Full Word Study → gave him permissionἐπέτρεψενepetrepsen — to permit, allow, or grant permissionG2010 — Full Word Study →, soοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → he cameἦλθενēlthen — to come, go, arrive, or appearG2064 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → removedἦρενēren — to lift up, take away, removeG142 — Full Word Study → Hisαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → bodyσῶμαsōma — Physical body; corporeal formG4983 — Full Word Study →. 39NicodemusΝικόδημοςNikodēmos — Victory of the peopleG3530 — Full Word Study →, whoho — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → had previously comeἐλθὼνelthōn — to come, go, arrive, or appearG2064 — Full Word Study → toπρὸςpros — toward, to, with, in relation toG4314 — Full Word Study → Jesus at nightνυκτὸςnyktos — The period of darkness; nightG3571 — Full Word Study →, alsoκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → broughtφέρωνpherōn — to bear, carry, bring forthG5342 — Full Word Study → a mixtureμίγμαmigma — a mixture or compound substanceG3395 — Full Word Study → of myrrhσμύρνηςsmyrnēs — myrrh, an aromatic resin used in perfume and burialG4666 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → aloesἀλόηςaloēs — Aromatic resin used for burial and perfumeG250 — Full Word Study →, aboutὡςhōs — as, like, when, in the manner thatG5613 — Full Word Study → seventy-five poundsἑκατόνhekaton — One hundred; a large round numberG1540 — Full Word Study →. 40Soοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → they tookἔλαβονelabon — to take, receive, or obtainG2983 — Full Word Study → theτὸto — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → bodyσῶμαsōma — Physical body; corporeal formG4983 — Full Word Study → of JesusἸησοῦIēsou — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → wrappedἔδησανedēsan — to bind, tie, or restrain physically or morallyG1210 — Full Word Study → itαὐτὸauto — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → in linen clothsὀθονίοιςothoniois — Linen strips or burial clothsG3608 — Full Word Study → withμετὰmeta — with, after, among, followingG3326 — Full Word Study → theτῶνtōn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → spicesἀρωμάτωνarōmatōn — aromatic spices; fragrant substancesG759 — Full Word Study →, according toκαθὼςkathōs — just as; in the manner that; according toG2531 — Full Word Study → the Jewish burialἐνταφιάζεινentaphiazein — to prepare a body for burial; to anoint for burialG1779 — Full Word Study → customἔθοςethos — Custom, habit, or established practiceG1485 — Full Word Study →. 41Nowδὲde — thenG1161 — Full Word Study → there wasἮνĒn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → a gardenκῆποςkēpos — garden; cultivated plot of landG2779 — Full Word Study → inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → theτῷtō — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → placeτόπῳtopō — A physical or geographical location; a place or regionG5117 — Full Word Study → whereὅπουhopou — where, wherever, the place in whichG3699 — Full Word Study → Jesus was crucified, andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → theτῷtō — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → gardenκήπῳkēpō — garden; cultivated plot of landG2779 — Full Word Study → a newκαινόνkainon — New in quality or kind; fresh, unprecedentedG2537 — Full Word Study → tombμνημεῖονmnēmeion — tomb, grave, burial placeG3419 — Full Word Study → inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → whichhō — who, which, thatG3739 — Full Word Study → no oneοὐδεὶςoudeis — no one, nothing, none at allG3762 — Full Word Study → had yet beenἦνēn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → laidτεθειμένοςtetheimenos — To place, set, or lay downG5087 — Full Word Study →. 42Andοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study → because it wasδιὰdia — through; by means of; because ofG1223 — Full Word Study → theτὴνtēn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → JewishἸουδαίωνIoudaiōn — A Jewish personG2453 — Full Word Study → day of PreparationΠαρασκευὴνParaskeuēn — Preparation DayG3904 — Full Word Study → and theτὸto — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → tombμνημεῖονmnēmeion — tomb, grave, burial placeG3419 — Full Word Study → wasἦνēn — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → nearbyἐγγὺςengys — Near, close at hand, at handG1451 — Full Word Study →, they placedἔθηκανethēkan — To place, set, or lay downG5087 — Full Word Study → JesusἸησοῦνIēsoun — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study → thereἐκεῖekei — in that place, there, thitherG1563 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — John 19
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

John chapter 19 presents the crucifixion of Jesus Christ with profound theological depth. While the other Gospel accounts focus on the physical and emotional suffering of the cross, John emphasizes the sovereignty of Jesus throughout His trial and execution. From His scourging to His final words, we see Jesus in complete control of events, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies and accomplishing our redemption. This chapter reveals that even in His deepest humiliation, Jesus reigned as King.

Verses 1-5: The Mockery and Preparation

Pilate's scourging of Jesus (v. 1) was a brutal Roman punishment meant to break the prisoner's will. The soldiers' crown of thorns and purple robe (v. 2) were instruments of mockery—thorns representing a curse, and the robe imitating royal garments. Their mocking salute, "Hail, King of the Jews!" (v. 3), was spoken in contempt, yet contained unknowing truth. When Pilate presents the beaten Jesus with the words "Behold the man!" (v. 5), he intends to appeal to the crowd's pity. Instead, this phrase invokes the image of humiliated humanity—and paradoxically, the God-man bearing our shame.

Application: Jesus endured mockery and shame so we might be restored to dignity as children of God. His humiliation is the foundation of our exaltation.

Verses 6-12: Pilate's Inner Conflict

The chief priests' demand for crucifixion (v. 6) contrasts sharply with Pilate's repeated declaration of Jesus' innocence (vv. 4, 6). When they accuse Jesus of claiming to be the Son of God (v. 7), Pilate becomes afraid—recognizing something beyond political intrigue. His question "Whence art thou?" (v. 9) shows he senses Jesus' divine origin. Jesus' response (vv. 10-11) is masterful: He teaches Pilate that earthly power exists only by divine permission. The greater sin belongs to those who knowingly betrayed Him—referring to the Jewish leaders and ultimately Judas. Pilate's fear paradoxically drives him to seek release (v. 12), but the threat of being labeled disloyal to Caesar breaks his resolve.

Application: Fear of human judgment often silences our witness for Christ. Pilate's cowardice reminds us that silence in the face of injustice is itself a choice with eternal consequences.

Verses 13-16: The Final Verdict

The "Pavement" or Gabbatha (v. 13) is where Pilate pronounces judgment. The timing—the preparation day of Passover, about the sixth hour (v. 14)—is theologically significant: Jesus, the true Passover Lamb, is being delivered to death at the very hour lambs are being slaughtered in the temple. When Pilate presents Jesus as "your King," the chief priests shockingly deny having any king but Caesar (v. 15)—a stunning rejection of Israel's covenant with God. Pilate's capitulation (v. 16) demonstrates how human justice yields to political pressure when conscience is compromised.

Application: Jesus willingly submitted to an unjust verdict. His obedience unto death secured our pardon.

Verses 17-24: Crucifixion and Fulfillment

Jesus bearing His own cross to Golgotha (v. 17) echoes Old Testament sacrifice imagery. The division of His garments and the casting of lots for His tunic (vv. 23-24) fulfill Psalm 22:18 with exact precision, proving this was no accident but divine design. Even in death, Scripture is fulfilled.

Verses 25-30: The Final Hours

Jesus' provision for His mother (vv. 25-27) demonstrates His concern for loved ones even amid agony. His cry "I thirst" (v. 28) is human, real, yet scriptural (Psalm 69:21). The final word "It is finished!" (v. 30) declares that redemption is complete—the Greek word tetelestai means "paid in full."

Verses 31-42: Burial and Prophecy

The soldiers' refusal to break Jesus' legs (v. 33) and the spear wound (v. 34) fulfill prophecies (vv. 36-37). Joseph of Arimathaea and Nicodemus, both secret disciples, finally step forward openly to honor Jesus in death (vv. 38-42).

Application for Today

The crucifixion demonstrates that God's purposes cannot be thwarted by human opposition or injustice. Jesus reigns even in weakness. We are called to trust His sovereignty in our suffering and to never be ashamed of openly following Him, as Joseph and Nicodemus finally did.

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