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1 Samuel 19

BSB·24 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Then Saulשָׁא֗וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → orderedוַיְדַבֵּ֣רway·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → his sonבְּנוֹ֙bə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → Jonathanיוֹנָתָ֤ןyō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3129 — Full Word Study → and allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → his servantsעֲבָדָ֔יו‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → to killלְהָמִ֖יתlə·hā·mîṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֑דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →. But Jonathanוִיהֽוֹנָתָן֙wî·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study → delightedחָפֵ֥ץḥā·p̄êṣ — to delight in; to desire; to take pleasureH2654 — Full Word Study → greatlyמְאֹֽד׃mə·’ōḏ — Much, greatly, very, exceedinglyH3966 — Full Word Study → in Davidבְּדָוִ֖דbə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →, 2so heיְהוֹנָתָן֙yə·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study → warnedוַיַּגֵּ֤דway·yag·gêḏ — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → Davidלְדָוִ֣דlə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →, sayingלֵאמֹ֔רlê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “My fatherאָבִ֖י’ā·ḇî — H1 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֥וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → intendsמְבַקֵּ֛שׁmə·ḇaq·qêš — To seek, search for, or request earnestlyH1245 — Full Word Study → to kill youלַהֲמִיתֶ֑ךָla·hă·mî·ṯe·ḵā — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →. Be on your guardהִשָּֽׁמֶר־hiš·šā·mer- — To guard, keep, observe, preserveH8104 — Full Word Study → in the morningבַבֹּ֔קֶרḇab·bō·qer — Morning; daybreak; the early part of the dayH1242 — Full Word Study →; findוְיָשַׁבְתָּ֥wə·yā·šaḇ·tā — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → a secret placeבַסֵּ֖תֶרḇas·sê·ṯer — hiding place, shelter, concealmentH5643 — Full Word Study → and hide thereוְנַחְבֵּֽאתָ׃wə·naḥ·bê·ṯā — to hide, conceal, or keep secretH2244 — Full Word Study →. 3I willוַאֲנִ֨יwa·’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → go outאֵצֵ֜א’ê·ṣê — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → and standוְעָמַדְתִּ֣יwə·‘ā·maḏ·tî — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study → besideלְיַד־lə·yaḏ- — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → my fatherאָבִ֗י’ā·ḇî — H1 — Full Word Study → in the fieldבַּשָּׂדֶה֙baś·śā·ḏeh — A field; cultivated or open landH7704 — Full Word Study → whereאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → you are, so Iוַאֲנִ֕יwa·’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → can askאֲדַבֵּ֥ר’ă·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → about you. And if I find outוְרָאִ֥יתִיwə·rā·’î·ṯî — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → anythingמָ֖הmāh — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study →, I will tellוְהִגַּ֥דְתִּיwə·hig·gaḏ·tî — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → you.” 4Then Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָ֤ןyə·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study → spokeוַיְדַבֵּ֨רway·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → wellט֔וֹבṭō·wḇ — good, beneficial, pleasing, wellH2896 — Full Word Study → of Davidבְּדָוִד֙bə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → his fatherאָבִ֑יו’ā·ḇîw — H1 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → and saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to himאֵ֠לָיו’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, “The kingהַמֶּ֜לֶךְham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → should notאַל־’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → sinיֶחֱטָ֨אye·ḥĕ·ṭā — To sin; to miss the mark; to commit wrongdoingH2398 — Full Word Study → against his servantבְּעַבְדּ֣וֹbə·‘aḇ·dōw — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → Davidבְדָוִ֗דḇə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →; he has notל֤וֹאlō·w — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → sinnedחָטָא֙ḥā·ṭā — To sin; to miss the mark; to commit wrongdoingH2398 — Full Word Study → against you. In factכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study →, his actionsמַעֲשָׂ֖יוma·‘ă·śāw — Work, deed, or actionH4639 — Full Word Study → have been highly beneficialטוֹב־ṭō·wḇ- — good, beneficial, pleasing, wellH2896 — Full Word Study → to you. 5He tookוַיָּשֶׂם֩way·yā·śem — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → his lifeנַפְשׁ֨וֹnap̄·šōw — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study → in his handsבְכַפּ֜וֹḇə·ḵap·pōw — Palm of the hand; hollow of anything; power or controlH3709 — Full Word Study → when he struck downוַיַּ֣ךְway·yaḵ — To strike, smite, or defeat with forceH5221 — Full Word Study → the Philistineהַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗יhap·pə·liš·tî — PhilistineH6430 — Full Word Study →, and the LORDיְהוָ֜הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → workedוַיַּ֨עַשׂway·ya·‘aś — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → a greatגְדוֹלָה֙ḡə·ḏō·w·lāh — Great, mighty, large in size or significanceH1419 — Full Word Study → salvationתְּשׁוּעָ֤הtə·šū·‘āh — Deliverance, salvation, victoryH8668 — Full Word Study → for allלְכָל־lə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →. You sawרָאִ֖יתָrā·’î·ṯā — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → it and rejoicedוַתִּשְׂמָ֑חwat·tiś·māḥ — To rejoice, be glad, make merryH8055 — Full Word Study →, so whyוְלָ֤מָּהwə·lām·māh — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → would you sinתֶֽחֱטָא֙ṯe·ḥĕ·ṭā — To sin; to miss the mark; to commit wrongdoingH2398 — Full Word Study → against innocentנָקִ֔יnā·qî — Innocent, blameless, free from guiltH5355 — Full Word Study → bloodבְּדָ֣םbə·ḏām — blood; life force; bloodshed; guiltH1818 — Full Word Study → by killingלְהָמִ֥יתlə·hā·mîṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֖דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → for no reasonחִנָּֽם׃ḥin·nām — without cause; freely; in vainH2600 — Full Word Study →?” 6Saulשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → listenedוַיִּשְׁמַ֥עway·yiš·ma‘ — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → to the voiceבְּק֣וֹלbə·qō·wl — voice, sound, or cryH6963 — Full Word Study → of Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָ֑ןyə·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study → and swore an oathוַיִּשָּׁבַ֣עway·yiš·šā·ḇa‘ — To swear an oath; to bind oneself by solemn promiseH7650 — Full Word Study →: “As surely as the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → livesחַי־ḥay- — alive, living, lifeH2416 — Full Word Study →, David will notאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → be put to deathיוּמָֽת׃yū·māṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →.” 7So Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן֙yə·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study → summonedוַיִּקְרָ֤אway·yiq·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → Davidלְדָוִ֔דlə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → and toldוַיַּגֶּד־way·yag·geḏ- — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → him allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → theseהָאֵ֑לֶּהhā·’êl·leh — These; those; the onesH428 — Full Word Study → thingsהַדְּבָרִ֖יםhad·də·ḇā·rîm — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study →. Then Jonathanיְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ןyə·hō·w·nā·ṯān — Yahweh has givenH3083 — Full Word Study → broughtוַיָּבֵ֨אway·yā·ḇê — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִד֙dā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → to serve him as he had before. 8When warהַמִּלְחָמָ֖הham·mil·ḥā·māh — Battle, warfare, combat, military conflictH4421 — Full Word Study → broke outלִֽהְי֑וֹתlih·yō·wṯ — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → againוַתּ֥וֹסֶףwat·tō·w·sep̄ — to add, increase, or do againH3254 — Full Word Study →, Davidדָוִ֜דḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → went outוַיֵּצֵ֨אway·yê·ṣê — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → and foughtוַיִּלָּ֣חֶםway·yil·lā·ḥem — to fight; to consume; to battleH3898 — Full Word Study → the Philistinesבַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗יםbap·pə·liš·tîm — PhilistineH6430 — Full Word Study → and struckוַיַּ֤ךְway·yaḵ — To strike, smite, or defeat with forceH5221 — Full Word Study → them with such a mightyגְדוֹלָ֔הḡə·ḏō·w·lāh — Great, mighty, large in size or significanceH1419 — Full Word Study → blowמַכָּ֣הmak·kāh — A blow, wound, or plague; physical injury or divine judgmentH4347 — Full Word Study → that they fledוַיָּנֻ֖סוּway·yā·nu·sū — to flee, escape, or run awayH5127 — Full Word Study → before himמִפָּנָֽיו׃mip·pā·nāw — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →. 9But as Saulוְהוּא֙wə·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → was sittingיוֹשֵׁ֔בyō·wō·šêḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → in his houseבְּבֵית֣וֹbə·ḇê·ṯōw — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → with his spearוַחֲנִית֖וֹwa·ḥă·nî·ṯōw — Spear; a long-shafted weaponH2595 — Full Word Study → in his handבְּיָד֑וֹbə·yā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study →, a spiritר֨וּחַrū·aḥ — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → of distressרָעָה֙rā·‘āh — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → from the LORDיְהוָ֤ה׀Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → cameוַתְּהִי֩wat·tə·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → uponאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → himשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →. While Davidוְדָוִ֖דwə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → was playing the harpמְנַגֵּ֥ןmə·nag·gên — to play a musical instrument; to make musicH5059 — Full Word Study →, 10Saulשָׁא֜וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → triedוַיְבַקֵּ֨שׁway·ḇaq·qêš — To seek, search for, or request earnestlyH1245 — Full Word Study → to pinלְהַכּ֤וֹתlə·hak·kō·wṯ — To strike, smite, or defeat with forceH5221 — Full Word Study → himבְּדָוִ֣דbə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → to the wallוּבַקִּ֔ירū·ḇaq·qîr — A wall; a barrier or fortificationH7023 — Full Word Study → with his spearבַּֽחֲנִית֙ba·ḥă·nîṯ — Spear; a long-shafted weaponH2595 — Full Word Study →. But the spear struck the wall and David eludedוַיִּפְטַר֙way·yip̄·ṭar — to separate, dismiss, let go freeH6362 — Full Word Study → him, ran away, and escapedוַיִּמָּלֵ֖טway·yim·mā·lêṭ — to escape, deliver, or save from dangerH4422 — Full Word Study → thatהֽוּא׃פhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → nightבַּלַּ֥יְלָהbal·lay·lāh — Night, darkness, the period of darknessH3915 — Full Word Study →. 11Then Saulשָׁא֨וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → sentוַיִּשְׁלַח֩way·yiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → messengersמַלְאָכִ֜יםmal·’ā·ḵîm — messenger; angel; envoyH4397 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → David’sדָּוִד֙dā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → houseבֵּ֤יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → to watch himלְשָׁמְר֔וֹlə·šā·mə·rōw — To guard, keep, observe, preserveH8104 — Full Word Study → and kill himוְלַהֲמִית֖וֹwə·la·hă·mî·ṯōw — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → in the morningבַּבֹּ֑קֶרbab·bō·qer — Morning; daybreak; the early part of the dayH1242 — Full Word Study →. But David’s wifeאִשְׁתּוֹ֙’iš·tōw — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study → Michalמִיכַ֤לmî·ḵal — Who is like GodH4324 — Full Word Study → warnedוַתַּגֵּ֣דwat·tag·gêḏ — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → him, “Ifאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → you do notאֵ֨ינְךָ֜’ê·nə·ḵā — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → runמְמַלֵּ֤טmə·mal·lêṭ — to escape, deliver, or save from dangerH4422 — Full Word Study → for your lifeנַפְשְׁךָ֙nap̄·šə·ḵā — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study → tonightהַלַּ֔יְלָהhal·lay·lāh — Night, darkness, the period of darknessH3915 — Full Word Study →, tomorrowמָחָ֖רmā·ḥār — tomorrow, the next dayH4279 — Full Word Study → youאַתָּ֥ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → will be deadמוּמָֽת׃mū·māṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →!” 12So Michalמִיכַ֛לmî·ḵal — Who is like GodH4324 — Full Word Study → loweredוַתֹּ֧רֶדwat·tō·reḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֖דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → fromבְּעַ֣דbə·‘aḏ — through, by means of, on behalf ofH1157 — Full Word Study → the windowהַחַלּ֑וֹןha·ḥal·lō·wn — Window; opening in a wall or roof for light and airH2474 — Full Word Study →, and he ran awayוַיִּבְרַ֖חway·yiḇ·raḥ — To flee or escape in hasteH1272 — Full Word Study → and escapedוַיִּמָּלֵֽט׃way·yim·mā·lêṭ — to escape, deliver, or save from dangerH4422 — Full Word Study →. 13Then Michalמִיכַ֜לmî·ḵal — Who is like GodH4324 — Full Word Study → tookוַתִּקַּ֨חwat·tiq·qaḥ — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → a household idolהַתְּרָפִ֗יםhat·tə·rā·p̄îm — household idols or images used in divinationH8655 — Full Word Study → and laid it inאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the bedהַמִּטָּ֔הham·miṭ·ṭāh — bed; sleeping place; bierH4296 — Full Word Study →, placedשָׂ֖מָהśā·māh — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → some goat hairכְּבִ֣ירkə·ḇîr — pillow, cushion, or headrestH3523 — Full Word Study → on its headמְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֑יוmə·ra·’ă·šō·ṯāw — pillow, headrest, bolsterH4763 — Full Word Study →, and coveredוַתְּכַ֖סwat·tə·ḵas — to cover, conceal, hideH3680 — Full Word Study → it with a garmentבַּבָּֽגֶד׃סbab·bā·ḡeḏ — Clothing; treachery or deceptionH899 — Full Word Study →. 14When Saulשָׁא֛וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֥חway·yiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → the messengersמַלְאָכִ֖יםmal·’ā·ḵîm — messenger; angel; envoyH4397 — Full Word Study → to seizeלָקַ֣חַתlā·qa·ḥaṯ — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֑דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →, Michal saidוַתֹּ֖אמֶרwat·tō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Heהֽוּא׃פhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → is ill.” 15But Saulשָׁאוּל֙šā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֤חway·yiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → the messengers backהַמַּלְאָכִ֔יםham·mal·’ā·ḵîm — messenger; angel; envoyH4397 — Full Word Study → to seeלִרְא֥וֹתlir·’ō·wṯ — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֖דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → and told themלֵאמֹ֑רlê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Bringהַעֲל֨וּha·‘ă·lū — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → himאֹת֧וֹ’ō·ṯōw — direct object marker; signs accusative caseH853 — Full Word Study → up to meאֵלַ֖י’ê·lay — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → in his bedבַמִּטָּ֛הḇam·miṭ·ṭāh — bed; sleeping place; bierH4296 — Full Word Study → so I can kill himלַהֲמִתֽוֹ׃la·hă·mi·ṯōw — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →.” 16And when the messengersהַמַּלְאָכִ֔יםham·mal·’ā·ḵîm — messenger; angel; envoyH4397 — Full Word Study → enteredוַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙way·yā·ḇō·’ū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study →, there wasוְהִנֵּ֥הwə·hin·nêh — Look! Behold! Pay attention!H2009 — Full Word Study → the idolהַתְּרָפִ֖יםhat·tə·rā·p̄îm — household idols or images used in divinationH8655 — Full Word Study → inאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the bedהַמִּטָּ֑הham·miṭ·ṭāh — bed; sleeping place; bierH4296 — Full Word Study → with the quilt of goats’ hair on its headמְרַאֲשֹׁתָֽיו׃mə·ra·’ă·šō·ṯāw — pillow, headrest, bolsterH4763 — Full Word Study →. 17And Saulשָׁא֜וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to Michalמִיכַ֗לmî·ḵal — Who is like GodH4324 — Full Word Study →, “Whyלָ֤מָּהlām·māh — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → did you deceive meרִמִּיתִ֔נִיrim·mî·ṯi·nî — to throw, shoot, or deceiveH7411 — Full Word Study → like thisכָּ֙כָה֙kā·ḵāh — Thus; in this manner; soH3602 — Full Word Study →? You sent my enemyאֹיְבִ֖י’ō·yə·ḇî — Enemy; adversary; one who opposesH341 — Full Word Study → awayוַתְּשַׁלְּחִ֥יwat·tə·šal·lə·ḥî — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → and he has escapedוַיִּמָּלֵ֑טway·yim·mā·lêṭ — to escape, deliver, or save from dangerH4422 — Full Word Study →!” Michalמִיכַל֙mî·ḵal — Who is like GodH4324 — Full Word Study → repliedוַתֹּ֤אמֶרwat·tō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Heהוּא־hū- — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → saidאָמַ֥ר’ā·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to meאֵלַ֛י’ê·lay — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, ‘Help me get awayשַׁלְּחִ֖נִיšal·lə·ḥi·nî — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study →, orלָמָ֥הlā·māh — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → I will kill youאֲמִיתֵֽךְ׃’ă·mî·ṯêḵ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →!’” 18So Davidוְדָוִ֨דwə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → ran awayבָּרַ֜חbā·raḥ — To flee or escape in hasteH1272 — Full Word Study → and escapedוַיִּמָּלֵ֗טway·yim·mā·lêṭ — to escape, deliver, or save from dangerH4422 — Full Word Study →. And he wentוַיָּבֹ֤אway·yā·ḇō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Samuelשְׁמוּאֵל֙šə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → at Ramahהָרָמָ֔תָהhā·rā·mā·ṯāh — High place, elevatedH7414 — Full Word Study → and toldוַיַּ֨גֶּד־way·yag·geḏ- — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → him allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֑וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → had doneעָֽשָׂה־‘ā·śāh- — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → to him. Then heהוּא֙hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → and Samuelוּשְׁמוּאֵ֔לū·šə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → went to Naioth and stayedוַיֵּשְׁב֖וּway·yê·šə·ḇū — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → there. 19When Saulלְשָׁא֖וּלlə·šā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → was toldוַיֻּגַּ֥דway·yug·gaḏ — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → that Davidדָוִ֔דḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → was at Naiothבְּנֹוִיתbə·nō·wīṯ — A place of prophetsH5121 — Full Word Study → in Ramahבָּרָמָֽה׃bā·rā·māh — High place, elevatedH7414 — Full Word Study →, 20heשָׁא֣וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֨חway·yiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → messengersמַלְאָכִים֮mal·’ā·ḵîm — messenger; angel; envoyH4397 — Full Word Study → to capture himדָּוִד֒dā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →. But when they sawוַיַּ֗רְאway·yar — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the groupלַהֲקַ֤תla·hă·qaṯ — A gathering or assembly of people; a company or congregationH3862 — Full Word Study → of prophetsהַנְּבִיאִים֙han·nə·ḇî·’îm — Prophet; one who speaks God's wordH5030 — Full Word Study → prophesyingנִבְּאִ֔יםnib·bə·’îm — To speak forth God's message; to prophesyH5012 — Full Word Study →, with Samuelוּשְׁמוּאֵ֕לū·šə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → leading themנִצָּ֖בniṣ·ṣāḇ — To stand, station, or set up firmlyH5324 — Full Word Study →, the Spiritר֣וּחַrū·aḥ — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → of Godאֱלֹהִ֔ים’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → cameוַתְּהִ֞יwat·tə·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → uponעַֽל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → themעֲלֵיהֶ֑ם‘ă·lê·hem — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →, and Saul’sשָׁאוּל֙šā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → messengersמַלְאֲכֵ֤יmal·’ă·ḵê — messenger; angel; envoyH4397 — Full Word Study → alsoגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → began to prophesyוַיִּֽתְנַבְּא֖וּway·yiṯ·nab·bə·’ū — To speak forth God's message; to prophesyH5012 — Full Word Study →. 21When this was reportedוַיַּגִּ֣דוּway·yag·gi·ḏū — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → to Saulלְשָׁא֗וּלlə·šā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →, he sentוַיִּשְׁלַח֙way·yiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → moreאֲחֵרִ֔ים’ă·ḥê·rîm — another, different, or following person or thingH312 — Full Word Study → messengersמַלְאָכִ֣יםmal·’ā·ḵîm — messenger; angel; envoyH4397 — Full Word Study →, but theyהֵ֑מָּהhêm·māh — They, them (masculine plural pronoun)H1992 — Full Word Study → began to prophesyוַיִּֽתְנַבְּא֖וּway·yiṯ·nab·bə·’ū — To speak forth God's message; to prophesyH5012 — Full Word Study → as wellגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study →. So Saulשָׁא֗וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → tried againוַיֹּ֣סֶףway·yō·sep̄ — to add, increase, or do againH3254 — Full Word Study → and sentוַיִּשְׁלַח֙way·yiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → messengersמַלְאָכִ֣יםmal·’ā·ḵîm — messenger; angel; envoyH4397 — Full Word Study → a third time, and evenגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → theyהֵֽמָּה׃hêm·māh — They, them (masculine plural pronoun)H1992 — Full Word Study → began to prophesyוַיִּֽתְנַבְּא֖וּway·yiṯ·nab·bə·’ū — To speak forth God's message; to prophesyH5012 — Full Word Study →. 22Finally, Saul himselfה֜וּאhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → left forוַיֵּ֨לֶךְway·yê·leḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → Ramahהָרָמָ֗תָהhā·rā·mā·ṯāh — High place, elevatedH7414 — Full Word Study → and cameוַיָּבֹא֙way·yā·ḇō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → toעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → the largeהַגָּדוֹל֙hag·gā·ḏō·wl — Great, mighty, large in size or significanceH1419 — Full Word Study → cisternבּ֤וֹרbō·wr — Pit, cistern, or dungeon; a deep holeH953 — Full Word Study → at Secuבַּשֶּׂ֔כוּbaś·śe·ḵū — A place in BenjaminH7906 — Full Word Study →, where he askedוַיִּשְׁאַ֣לway·yiš·’al — to ask, request, inquire, or demandH7592 — Full Word Study →, “Whereאֵיפֹ֥ה’ê·p̄ōh — where? in what place?H375 — Full Word Study → are Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֖לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → and Davidוְדָוִ֑דwə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →?” “At Naiothבְּנֹוִיתbə·nō·wīṯ — A place of prophetsH5121 — Full Word Study → in Ramahבָּרָמָֽה׃bā·rā·māh — High place, elevatedH7414 — Full Word Study →,” he was toldוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. 23So Saul wentוַיֵּ֣לֶךְway·yê·leḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Naiothנֹוִיתnō·wīṯ — A place of prophetsH5121 — Full Word Study → in Ramahבָּרָמָ֑הbā·rā·māh — High place, elevatedH7414 — Full Word Study →. But the Spiritר֣וּחַrū·aḥ — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → of Godאֱלֹהִ֗ים’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → cameוַתְּהִי֩wat·tə·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → uponעָלָ֨יו‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → evenגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → Saul, and he walked alongוַיֵּ֤לֶךְway·yê·leḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → prophesyingוַיִּתְנַבֵּ֔אway·yiṯ·nab·bê — To speak forth God's message; to prophesyH5012 — Full Word Study → untilעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → he came toבֹּא֖וֹbō·’ōw — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → Naiothבְּנֹוִיתbə·nō·wīṯ — A place of prophetsH5121 — Full Word Study → in Ramahבָּרָמָֽה׃bā·rā·māh — High place, elevatedH7414 — Full Word Study →. 24Then Saulה֜וּאhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → stripped offוַיִּפְשַׁ֨טway·yip̄·šaṭ — to strip, plunder, or invadeH6584 — Full Word Study → his robesבְּגָדָ֗יוbə·ḡā·ḏāw — Clothing; treachery or deceptionH899 — Full Word Study → and alsoגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → prophesiedוַיִּתְנַבֵּ֤אway·yiṯ·nab·bê — To speak forth God's message; to prophesyH5012 — Full Word Study → beforeלִפְנֵ֣יlip̄·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֔לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study →. And he collapsedוַיִּפֹּ֣לway·yip·pōl — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → and lay nakedעָרֹ֔ם‘ā·rōm — naked, bare, exposedH6174 — Full Word Study → allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → thatהַה֖וּאha·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → dayהַיּ֥וֹםhay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → andוְכָל־wə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → nightהַלָּ֑יְלָהhal·lā·yə·lāh — Night, darkness, the period of darknessH3915 — Full Word Study →. That is whyעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → it is saidיֹֽאמְר֔וּyō·mə·rū — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Is Saulשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → alsoהֲגַ֥םhă·ḡam — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → among the prophetsבַּנְּבִיאִֽם׃פban·nə·ḇî·’im — Prophet; one who speaks God's wordH5030 — Full Word Study →?”
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Chapter Commentary — 1 Samuel 19
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

First Samuel 19 reveals the tragic acceleration of Saul's jealous rage against David, and the divine protection that surrounds God's anointed servant. Despite Jonathan's courageous intercession and a temporary reconciliation, Saul's murderous intent resurfaces with renewed fury. The chapter demonstrates both the fragility of human promises made in the flesh and the absolute sovereignty of God, who thwarts the king's plans through unexpected means—a faithful friend, a loyal wife, and ultimately the Spirit of God Himself working in ways that confound human expectation.

Verses 1–5: Jonathan's Courageous Intercession

Saul explicitly commands his son and servants to murder David (v. 1). Yet Jonathan, despite his filial duty, demonstrates genuine love for David and immediately warns him of the danger (v. 2). This reflects the deep covenant bond between the two men (see 1 Samuel 18:1–3). Jonathan then takes the bold step of interceding with his father, reminding Saul of David's faithful service and his heroic victory over Goliath, which brought deliverance to all Israel (vv. 4–5). Jonathan's appeal is both logical and moral: David has done nothing to deserve death, and such an act would constitute sin against innocent blood.

Application: Jonathan shows us the courage required to stand up for what is right, even when it means challenging those in authority over us. True friendship sometimes demands that we speak difficult truths in love.

Verses 6–7: A Temporary Peace

Saul hearkens to Jonathan's voice and swears an oath before the Lord that David shall not be killed (v. 6). David is restored to the king's presence as before. However, this peace proves tragically short-lived. The problem is not merely circumstantial misunderstanding—it is rooted in Saul's spiritual condition. His jealousy stems from a deeper malice that no amount of human reasoning can permanently cure.

Verses 8–10: Saul's Murderous Attempt

War breaks out again, and David continues to serve faithfully, achieving great military victories (v. 8). Yet as David plays music to soothe Saul, the evil spirit returns to the king with renewed intensity (v. 9). In a moment of demonic fury, Saul hurls his javelin at David, seeking to pin him to the wall—a clear attempt at assassination. David escapes, but Saul's true heart is now fully revealed: his oath meant nothing in the face of his corrupted will.

Verses 11–18: Flight and Deliverance

Saul escalates his pursuit, stationing messengers at David's home to capture him at dawn (v. 11). Here, Michal, David's wife and Saul's daughter, shows remarkable courage and loyalty to her husband. She helps him escape through a window and cleverly deceives her father's messengers by placing a household idol in the bed (vv. 12–13). When confronted, she claims David threatened her life (v. 17)—a lie told in service of preserving David's life and ultimately God's purposes. David flees to Samuel at Ramah, finding refuge with the man of God who anointed him.

Application: God often uses unexpected people—a loyal wife, a devoted friend—to preserve His purposes. He is never caught off guard by our enemies' schemes.

Verses 19–24: The Spirit's Sovereign Protection

When Saul pursues David to Ramah, he encounters the company of prophets with Samuel. Remarkably, the Spirit of God falls upon Saul's messengers, and they prophesy instead of capturing David (v. 20). When Saul sends two more groups with the same result, he goes himself—only to be overcome by the same Spirit (vv. 21–23). Saul strips off his clothes and prophesies all day and night, becoming a spectacle that prompts the proverb, "Is Saul also among the prophets?" (v. 24). God's sovereignty transcends human will and worldly power.

Application for Today

This chapter assures us that no plot against God's people can ultimately succeed. Whether through the faithfulness of friends, the protection of loved ones, or the direct intervention of the Holy Spirit, God preserves those He has called. Our responsibility is to remain faithful, to encourage one another in truth, and to trust that the Lord's purposes cannot be thwarted by any human scheme.

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