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1 Samuel 22

BSB·23 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1So Davidדָּוִד֙dā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → leftוַיֵּ֤לֶךְway·yê·leḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → Gath and took refugeוַיִּמָּלֵ֖טway·yim·mā·lêṭ — to escape, deliver, or save from dangerH4422 — Full Word Study → inאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the caveמְעָרַ֣תmə·‘ā·raṯ — Cave, cavern, or hollow place in rockH4631 — Full Word Study → of Adullamעֲדֻלָּ֑ם‘ă·ḏul·lām — refuge cave cityH5725 — Full Word Study →. When his brothersאֶחָיו֙’e·ḥāw — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study → and the rest ofוְכָל־wə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → his father’sאָבִ֔יו’ā·ḇîw — H1 — Full Word Study → householdבֵּ֣יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → heard about itוַיִּשְׁמְע֤וּway·yiš·mə·‘ū — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study →, they went downוַיֵּרְד֥וּway·yê·rə·ḏū — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → to himאֵלָ֖יו’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → thereשָֽׁמָּה׃šām·māh — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study →. 2And allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → who were distressedמָצ֜וֹקmā·ṣō·wq — narrow straits; severe distress or anguishH4689 — Full Word Study → or indebtedנֹשֶׁא֙nō·še — to lend on interest, to exact a debtH5378 — Full Word Study → or discontentedמַר־mar- — Bitter; marked by anguish or grievingH4751 — Full Word Study → ralliedוַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּway·yiṯ·qab·bə·ṣū — to gather, assemble, or collect togetherH6908 — Full Word Study → around himאֵ֠לָיו’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, and he becameוַיְהִ֥יway·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → theirעֲלֵיהֶ֖ם‘ă·lê·hem — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → leaderלְשָׂ֑רlə·śār — Ruler, leader, or one in authorityH8269 — Full Word Study →. About fourכְּאַרְבַּ֥עkə·’ar·ba‘ — The number four; a group of fourH702 — Full Word Study → hundredמֵא֖וֹתmê·’ō·wṯ — hundred; a large complete numberH3967 — Full Word Study → menאִֽישׁ׃’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → wereוַיִּהְי֣וּway·yih·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → with himעִמּ֔וֹ‘im·mōw — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study →. 3From thereמִשָּׁ֖םmiš·šām — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֛דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → wentוַיֵּ֧לֶךְway·yê·leḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → to Mizpehמִצְפֵּ֣הmiṣ·pêh — Watchtower or LookoutH4708 — Full Word Study → of Moabמוֹאָ֑בmō·w·’āḇ — From his fatherH4124 — Full Word Study →, where he saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶר׀way·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the kingמֶ֣לֶךְme·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → of Moabמוֹאָ֗בmō·w·’āḇ — From his fatherH4124 — Full Word Study →, “Pleaseנָ֞אnā — Please, I beseech, I prayH4994 — Full Word Study → let my fatherאָבִ֤י’ā·ḇî — H1 — Full Word Study → and motherוְאִמִּי֙wə·’im·mî — mother; female parentH517 — Full Word Study → stayיֵֽצֵא־yê·ṣê- — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → with youאִתְּכֶ֔ם’it·tə·ḵem — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study → untilעַ֚ד‘aḏ — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → I learnאֵדַ֔ע’ê·ḏa‘ — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → whatמַה־mah- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → Godאֱלֹהִֽים׃’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → will doיַּֽעֲשֶׂה־ya·‘ă·śeh- — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → for me.” 4So he left themוַיַּנְחֵ֕םway·yan·ḥêm — To lead, guide, direct with authorityH5148 — Full Word Study → inאֶת־’eṯ- — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study → the careפְּנֵ֖יpə·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → of the kingמֶ֣לֶךְme·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → of Moabמוֹאָ֑בmō·w·’āḇ — From his fatherH4124 — Full Word Study →, and they stayedוַיֵּשְׁב֣וּway·yê·šə·ḇū — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → with himעִמּ֔וֹ‘im·mōw — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → the wholeכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → timeיְמֵ֥יyə·mê — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֖דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → wasהֱיוֹת־hĕ·yō·wṯ- — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → in the strongholdבַּמְּצוּדָֽה׃סbam·mə·ṣū·ḏāh — Net, snare, stronghold, fortressH4686 — Full Word Study →. 5Then the prophetהַנָּבִ֜יאhan·nā·ḇî — Prophet; one who speaks God's wordH5030 — Full Word Study → Gadגָּ֨דgāḏ — Fortune, luckH1410 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּאמֶר֩way·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֗דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →, “Do notלֹ֤אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → stayתֵשֵׁב֙ṯê·šêḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → in the strongholdבַּמְּצוּדָ֔הbam·mə·ṣū·ḏāh — Net, snare, stronghold, fortressH4686 — Full Word Study →. Departלֵ֥ךְlêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → and goוּבָֽאתָ־ū·ḇā·ṯā- — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → into the landאֶ֣רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Judahיְהוּדָ֑הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study →.” So Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → leftוַיֵּ֣לֶךְway·yê·leḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → and wentוַיָּבֹ֖אway·yā·ḇō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → to the forestיַ֥עַרya·‘ar — Forest; woodland; honeycombH3293 — Full Word Study → of Herethחָֽרֶת׃סḥā·reṯ — Forest of HerethH2802 — Full Word Study →. 6Soon Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → learnedוַיִּשְׁמַ֣עway·yiš·ma‘ — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → thatכִּ֚יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → and his menאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → had been discoveredנוֹדַ֣עnō·w·ḏa‘ — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study →. At that time Saulוְשָׁאוּל֩wə·šā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → was in Gibeah, sitting underתַּֽחַת־ta·ḥaṯ- — Under, beneath, instead of, in place ofH8478 — Full Word Study → the tamarisk treeהָאֶ֤שֶׁלhā·’e·šel — tamarisk tree; sacred tree; place of refuge or shelterH815 — Full Word Study → on the hillבָּֽרָמָה֙bā·rā·māh — High place, elevated sanctuary or altarH7413 — Full Word Study → at Gibeahבַּגִּבְעָ֜הbag·giḇ·‘āh — A hill or elevated placeH1390 — Full Word Study →, with his spearוַחֲנִית֣וֹwa·ḥă·nî·ṯōw — Spear; a long-shafted weaponH2595 — Full Word Study → in handבְיָד֔וֹḇə·yā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → and allוְכָל־wə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → his servantsעֲבָדָ֖יו‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → standingנִצָּבִ֥יםniṣ·ṣā·ḇîm — To stand, station, or set up firmlyH5324 — Full Word Study → around himעָלָֽיו׃‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →. 7Then Saulשָׁא֗וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to his servantsלַֽעֲבָדָיו֙la·‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →, “Listenשִׁמְעוּ־šim·‘ū- — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study →, menבְּנֵ֣יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Benjaminיְמִינִ֑יyə·mî·nî — right hand; right sideH3227 — Full Word Study →! Is the sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Jesseיִשַׁי֙yi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → givingיִתֵּ֤ןyit·tên — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → allלְכֻלְּכֶ֗םlə·ḵul·lə·ḵem — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → of you fieldsשָׂד֣וֹתśā·ḏō·wṯ — A field; cultivated or open landH7704 — Full Word Study → and vineyardsוּכְרָמִ֔יםū·ḵə·rā·mîm — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → and making youלְכֻלְּכֶ֣םlə·ḵul·lə·ḵem — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → commandersשָׂרֵ֥יśā·rê — Ruler, leader, or one in authorityH8269 — Full Word Study → of thousandsאֲלָפִ֖ים’ă·lā·p̄îm — A thousand; a large military unit or census numberH505 — Full Word Study → or hundredsמֵאֽוֹת׃mê·’ō·wṯ — hundred; a large complete numberH3967 — Full Word Study →? 8Is thatכִּי֩kî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → why allכֻּלְּכֶ֜םkul·lə·ḵem — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → of you have conspiredקְשַׁרְתֶּ֨םqə·šar·tem — to bind together; to conspire or plotH7194 — Full Word Study → against meעָלַ֗י‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →? Not one of you toldגֹּלֶ֤הgō·leh — HeglamH1540 — Full Word Study → meאֶת־’eṯ- — direct object marker; signs accusative caseH853 — Full Word Study → thatאָזְנִי֙’ā·zə·nî — Ear; the organ of hearing and listeningH241 — Full Word Study → my own sonבְּנִ֣יbə·nî — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → had made a covenantבִּכְרָת־biḵ·rāṯ- — To cut; to make a covenantH3772 — Full Word Study → withעִם־‘im- — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → the sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Jesseיִשַׁ֔יyi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study →. Not oneוְאֵין־wə·’ên- — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → of you has shown concernחֹלֶ֥הḥō·leh — to be sick, weak, or afflicted; to entreat or beseechH2470 — Full Word Study → for meעָלַ֖י‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → or revealedוְגֹלֶ֣הwə·ḡō·leh — HeglamH1540 — Full Word Study → to meאָזְנִ֑י’ā·zə·nî — Ear; the organ of hearing and listeningH241 — Full Word Study → thatכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → my sonבְּנִ֨יbə·nî — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → has stirred upהֵקִים֩hê·qîm — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → my own servantעַבְדִּ֥י‘aḇ·dî — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → to lie in waitלְאֹרֵ֖בlə·’ō·rêḇ — To lie in ambush; to set a trap or attack by stealthH693 — Full Word Study → against meעָלַ֛י‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →, as is the case todayכַּיּ֥וֹםkay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →.” 9But Doegדֹּאֵ֣גdō·’êḡ — Anxious or fearfulH1673 — Full Word Study → the Edomiteהָאֲדֹמִ֗יhā·’ă·ḏō·mî — Descendant of EdomH130 — Full Word Study →, whoוְה֛וּאwə·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → had stationed himselfנִצָּ֥בniṣ·ṣāḇ — To stand, station, or set up firmlyH5324 — Full Word Study → withעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → Saul’sשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → servantsעַבְדֵֽי־‘aḇ·ḏê- — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →, answeredוַיַּ֜עַןway·ya·‘an — To answer, respond, or testifyH6030 — Full Word Study →: “I sawרָאִ֙יתִי֙rā·’î·ṯî — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Jesseיִשַׁ֔יyi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → comeבָּ֣אbā — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Ahimelechאֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְ’ă·ḥî·me·leḵ — My brother is kingH288 — Full Word Study → sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Ahitubאֲחִטֽוּב׃’ă·ḥi·ṭūḇ — My brother is goodH285 — Full Word Study → at Nobנֹ֔בֶהnō·ḇeh — A city of priestsH5011 — Full Word Study →. 10Ahimelech inquiredוַיִּשְׁאַל־way·yiš·’al- — to ask, request, inquire, or demandH7592 — Full Word Study → of the LORDבַּֽיהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → for him and gaveנָ֣תַןnā·ṯan — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → him provisionsוְצֵידָ֖הwə·ṣê·ḏāh — Food provision, sustenance, provisions for a journeyH6720 — Full Word Study →. He also gaveנָ֥תַןnā·ṯan — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → him the swordחֶ֛רֶבḥe·reḇ — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study → of Goliathגָּלְיָ֥תgā·lə·yāṯ — The Philistine giantH1555 — Full Word Study → the Philistineהַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יhap·pə·liš·tî — PhilistineH6430 — Full Word Study →.” 11Then the kingהַמֶּ֡לֶךְham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֣חway·yiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → messengers to summonלִקְרֹא֩liq·rō — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → Ahimelechאֲחִימֶ֨לֶךְ’ă·ḥî·me·leḵ — My brother is kingH288 — Full Word Study → the priestהַכֹּהֵ֗ןhak·kō·hên — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study →, the sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Ahitubאֲחִיט֜וּב’ă·ḥî·ṭūḇ — My brother is goodH285 — Full Word Study →, and his father’sאָבִ֛יו’ā·ḇîw — H1 — Full Word Study → wholeכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → familyבֵּ֥יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study →, whoאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → were priestsהַכֹּהֲנִ֖יםhak·kō·hă·nîm — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study → at Nobבְּנֹ֑בbə·nōḇ — A city of priestsH5011 — Full Word Study →. And allכֻלָּ֖םḵul·lām — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → of them cameוַיָּבֹ֥אוּway·yā·ḇō·’ū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the kingהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃סham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study →. 12Listenשְֽׁמַֽע־šə·ma‘- — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → nowנָ֖אnā — Please, I beseech, I prayH4994 — Full Word Study →, sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Ahitubאֲחִיט֑וּב’ă·ḥî·ṭūḇ — My brother is goodH285 — Full Word Study →,” saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →. “Here I amהִנְנִ֥יhin·nî — Look! Behold! — an attention-directing particleH2005 — Full Word Study →, my lordאֲדֹנִֽי׃’ă·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study →,” he repliedוַיֹּ֖אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. 13And Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → askedוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → himאֵלוֹʾē·lō — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, “Whyלָ֚מָּהlām·māh — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → have youאַתָּ֖ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → and the sonוּבֶן־ū·ḇen- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Jesseיִשָׁ֑יyi·šāy — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → conspiredקְשַׁרְתֶּ֣םqə·šar·tem — to bind together; to conspire or plotH7194 — Full Word Study → against meעָלַ֔י‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →? You gaveבְּתִתְּךָ֨bə·ṯit·tə·ḵā — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → him breadלֶ֣חֶםle·ḥem — Bread; food; sustenanceH3899 — Full Word Study → and a swordוְחֶ֗רֶבwə·ḥe·reḇ — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study → and inquiredוְשָׁא֥וֹלwə·šā·’ō·wl — to ask, request, inquire, or demandH7592 — Full Word Study → of Godבֵּֽאלֹהִ֔יםbê·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → for him so that he could rise upלָק֥וּםlā·qūm — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → against meאֵלַ֛י’ê·lay — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → to lie in waitלְאֹרֵ֖בlə·’ō·rêḇ — To lie in ambush; to set a trap or attack by stealthH693 — Full Word Study →, as he is doing todayכַּיּ֥וֹםkay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →.” 14Ahimelechאֲחִימֶ֛לֶךְ’ă·ḥî·me·leḵ — My brother is kingH288 — Full Word Study → answeredוַיַּ֧עַןway·ya·‘an — To answer, respond, or testifyH6030 — Full Word Study → the kingהַמֶּ֖לֶךְham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study →, “Whoוּמִ֤יū·mî — who? what person?H4310 — Full Word Study → among allבְכָל־ḇə·ḵāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → your servantsעֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙‘ă·ḇā·ḏe·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → is as faithfulנֶאֱמָ֔ןne·’ĕ·mān — to trust, believe, be faithfulH539 — Full Word Study → as Davidכְּדָוִ֣דkə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →, the king’sהַמֶּ֛לֶךְham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → son-in-lawוַחֲתַ֥ןwa·ḥă·ṯan — bridegroom; son-in-lawH2860 — Full Word Study →, the captainוְסָ֥רwə·sār — to turn aside, depart, removeH5493 — Full Word Study → ofאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → your bodyguardמִשְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ךָmiš·ma‘·te·ḵā — obedience, hearing, command, guard dutyH4928 — Full Word Study → who is honored in your houseבְּבֵיתֶֽךָ׃bə·ḇê·ṯe·ḵā — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study →? 15Was that dayהַיּ֧וֹםhay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → the first timeהַחִלֹּ֛תִיha·ḥil·lō·ṯî — to profane, defile, or beginH2490 — Full Word Study → I inquiredלְשָׁאוֹלlə·šå̄·ʾōl — to ask, request, inquire, or demandH7592 — Full Word Study → of Godבֵאלֹהִ֖יםḇê·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → for himל֥וֹlōw — to ask, request, inquire, or demandH7592 — Full Word Study →? Far be itחָלִ֣ילָהḥā·lî·lāh — Far be it; God forbidH2486 — Full Word Study → from me! Let notאַל־’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → the kingהַמֶּ֨לֶךְham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → accuseיָשֵׂם֩yā·śêm — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → your servantבְּעַבְדּ֤וֹbə·‘aḇ·dōw — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → or anyבְּכָל־bə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → of my father’sאָבִ֔י’ā·ḇî — H1 — Full Word Study → householdבֵּ֣יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֠יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → your servantעַבְדְּךָ֙‘aḇ·də·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → knewיָדַ֤עyā·ḏa‘ — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → nothingלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → of thisזֹ֔אתzōṯ — This, that; demonstrative pronounH2063 — Full Word Study → wholeבְּכָל־bə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → affairדָּבָ֥רdā·ḇār — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study →not in partקָטֹ֖ןqā·ṭōn — Small, little, least, or young in size, number, age, or importanceH6996 — Full Word Study → orא֥וֹ’ōw — or, whether; also expressing desire or preferenceH176 — Full Word Study → in wholeגָדֽוֹל׃ḡā·ḏō·wl — Great, mighty, large in size or significanceH1419 — Full Word Study →.” 16But the kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → repliedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “You will surely dieמ֥וֹתmō·wṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →, Ahimelechאֲחִימֶ֑לֶךְ’ă·ḥî·me·leḵ — My brother is kingH288 — Full Word Study →, youאַתָּ֖ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → and allוְכָל־wə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → your father’sאָבִֽיךָ׃’ā·ḇî·ḵā — H1 — Full Word Study → houseבֵּ֥יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study →!” 17Then the kingהַמֶּ֡לֶךְham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → orderedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → the guardsלָרָצִים֩lā·rā·ṣîm — to run; move swiftlyH7323 — Full Word Study → at his sideהַנִּצָּבִ֨יםhan·niṣ·ṣā·ḇîm — To stand, station, or set up firmlyH5324 — Full Word Study →, “Turnסֹ֥בּוּsōb·bū — to turn, surround, go aroundH5437 — Full Word Study → and killוְהָמִ֣יתוּ׀wə·hā·mî·ṯū — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → the priestsכֹּהֲנֵ֣יkō·hă·nê — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֗הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →, becauseכִּ֤יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → they tooגַם־ḡam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → sided withעִם־‘im- — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →. Forוְכִ֤יwə·ḵî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → they knewיָֽדְעוּ֙yā·ḏə·‘ū — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → heה֔וּאhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → was fleeingבֹרֵ֣חַḇō·rê·aḥ — To flee or escape in hasteH1272 — Full Word Study →, but they did notוְלֹ֥אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → tellגָל֖וּḡā·lū — HeglamH1540 — Full Word Study → meאָזְנוֹʾå̄·zə·nō — Ear; the organ of hearing and listeningH241 — Full Word Study →.” But the king’sהַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → servantsעַבְדֵ֤י‘aḇ·ḏê — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → wouldאָב֞וּ’ā·ḇū — to be willing, consent, desireH14 — Full Word Study → notוְלֹֽא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → liftלִשְׁלֹ֣חַliš·lō·aḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → a handיָדָ֔םyā·ḏām — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → to strikeלִפְגֹ֖עַlip̄·ḡō·a‘ — to meet, encounter, or intercedeH6293 — Full Word Study → the priestsבְּכֹהֲנֵ֥יbə·ḵō·hă·nê — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָֽה׃סYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →. 18So the kingהַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ham·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → orderedוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → Doegלְדוֹיֵגlə·ḏō·yēḡ — Anxious or fearfulH1673 — Full Word Study →, “Youאַתָּ֔ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → turnסֹ֣בsōḇ — to turn, surround, go aroundH5437 — Full Word Study → and strike downוּפְגַ֖עū·p̄ə·ḡa‘ — to meet, encounter, or intercedeH6293 — Full Word Study → the priestsבַּכֹּהֲנִ֑יםbak·kō·hă·nîm — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study →!” And Doegדּוֹיֵגdō·yēḡ — Anxious or fearfulH1673 — Full Word Study → the Edomiteהָאֲדֹמִ֗יhā·’ă·ḏō·mî — Descendant of EdomH130 — Full Word Study → turnedוַיִּסֹּ֞בway·yis·sōḇ — to turn, surround, go aroundH5437 — Full Word Study → and struck downוַיִּפְגַּע־way·yip̄·ga‘- — to meet, encounter, or intercedeH6293 — Full Word Study → the priestsבַּכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔יםbak·kō·hă·nîm — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study → himselfהוּא֙hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study →. On thatהַה֗וּאha·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → he killedוַיָּ֣מֶת׀way·yā·meṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → eighty-fiveשְׁמֹנִ֤יםšə·mō·nîm — The number eighty; fourscoreH8084 — Full Word Study → menאִ֔ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → who woreנֹשֵׂ֖אnō·śê — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study → the linenבָּֽד׃bāḏ — Fine linen; linen fabric or garmentH906 — Full Word Study → ephodאֵפ֥וֹד’ê·p̄ō·wḏ — priestly garment; breastplate worn by the high priestH646 — Full Word Study →. 19He also putהִכָּ֣הhik·kāh — To strike, smite, or defeat with forceH5221 — Full Word Study → to the swordחֶ֔רֶבḥe·reḇ — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study → Nobנֹ֤בnōḇ — A city of priestsH5011 — Full Word Study →, the cityעִיר־‘îr- — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → of the priestsהַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙hak·kō·hă·nîm — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study →, with its menמֵאִישׁ֙mê·’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → andוְעַד־wə·‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → womenאִשָּׁ֔ה’iš·šāh — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study →, childrenמֵעוֹלֵ֖לmê·‘ō·w·lêl — Infant, young child, babeH5768 — Full Word Study → andוְעַד־wə·‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → infantsיוֹנֵ֑קyō·w·nêq — to suckle, nurse, give suckH3243 — Full Word Study →, oxenוְשׁ֧וֹרwə·šō·wr — Ox, bull, or cattleH7794 — Full Word Study →, donkeysוַחֲמ֛וֹרwa·ḥă·mō·wr — donkey; beast of burdenH2543 — Full Word Study →, and sheepוָשֶׂ֖הwā·śeh — A small domesticated quadruped, sheep or lambH7716 — Full Word Study →. 20But oneאֶחָ֗ד’e·ḥāḏ — One; unity; single; firstH259 — Full Word Study → of the sonsבֵּן־bên- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Ahimelechלַאֲחִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙la·’ă·ḥî·me·leḵ — My brother is kingH288 — Full Word Study → sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Ahitubאֲחִט֔וּב’ă·ḥi·ṭūḇ — My brother is goodH285 — Full Word Study → escapedוַיִּמָּלֵ֣טway·yim·mā·lêṭ — to escape, deliver, or save from dangerH4422 — Full Word Study →. His nameוּשְׁמ֖וֹū·šə·mōw — Name; reputation; renownH8034 — Full Word Study → was Abiatharאֶבְיָתָ֑ר’eḇ·yā·ṯār — Abiathar, a high priest of IsraelH54 — Full Word Study →, and he fledוַיִּבְרַ֖חway·yiḇ·raḥ — To flee or escape in hasteH1272 — Full Word Study → toאַחֲרֵ֥י’a·ḥă·rê — after, behind, followingH310 — Full Word Study → Davidדָוִֽד׃ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →. 21And Abiatharאֶבְיָתָ֖ר’eḇ·yā·ṯār — Abiathar, a high priest of IsraelH54 — Full Word Study → toldוַיַּגֵּ֥דway·yag·gêḏ — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → Davidלְדָוִ֑דlə·ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → thatכִּ֚יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → had killedהָרַ֣גhā·raḡ — To kill, slay, or murderH2026 — Full Word Study → the priestsכֹּהֲנֵ֥יkō·hă·nê — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →. 22Then Davidדָּוִ֜דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to Abiatharלְאֶבְיָתָ֗רlə·’eḇ·yā·ṯār — Abiathar, a high priest of IsraelH54 — Full Word Study →, “I knewיָדַ֜עְתִּיyā·ḏa‘·tî — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → that Doegדּוֹיֵגdō·yēḡ — Anxious or fearfulH1673 — Full Word Study → the Edomiteהָאֲדֹמִ֔יhā·’ă·ḏō·mî — Descendant of EdomH130 — Full Word Study → was thereשָׁם֙šām — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study → thatהַהוּא֙ha·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → dayבַּיּ֤וֹםbay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →, and thatכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → he was sure to tellהַגֵּ֥דhag·gêḏ — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → Saulלְשָׁא֑וּלlə·šā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →. I myselfאָנֹכִ֣י’ā·nō·ḵî — I, myself (first-person singular pronoun)H595 — Full Word Study → am responsibleסַבֹּ֔תִיsab·bō·ṯî — to turn, surround, go aroundH5437 — Full Word Study → for the livesנֶ֖פֶשׁne·p̄eš — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study → of everyoneבְּכָל־bə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → in your father’sאָבִֽיךָ׃’ā·ḇî·ḵā — H1 — Full Word Study → houseבֵּ֥יתbêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study →. 23Stayשְׁבָ֤הšə·ḇāh — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → with meאִתִּי֙’it·tî — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study →; do notאַל־’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → be afraidתִּירָ֔אtî·rā — to fear, revere, or be afraidH3372 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֛יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → he whoאֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer- — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → seeksיְבַקֵּ֣שׁyə·ḇaq·qêš — To seek, search for, or request earnestlyH1245 — Full Word Study → your lifeנַפְשֶׁ֑ךָnap̄·še·ḵā — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study → is seekingיְבַקֵּ֥שׁyə·ḇaq·qêš — To seek, search for, or request earnestlyH1245 — Full Word Study → mine as well. Youאַתָּ֖ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → will be safeמִשְׁמֶ֥רֶתmiš·me·reṯ — A charge, duty, or trust to be guarded and keptH4931 — Full Word Study → with meעִמָּדִֽי׃‘im·mā·ḏî — With, alongside, in the presence ofH5978 — Full Word Study →.”
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Chapter Commentary — 1 Samuel 22
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

First Samuel 22 marks a turning point in David's life as he transitions from fleeing Saul in isolation to leading a community of the troubled and displaced. While David finds refuge and gathers loyal followers, this chapter also records one of Scripture's darkest moments: Saul's murderous rampage against the priests of Nob, driven by paranoid jealousy and unchecked rage. The chapter powerfully illustrates both the protection God provides to His anointed and the devastating consequences of a leader's spiritual rebellion against God's ordained plan.

Verses 1–5: David's Refuge and His Growing Army

David flees to the cave of Adullam, where his family joins him, followed by a diverse group of men—those in distress, in debt, and discontented (v. 2). These four hundred men became the nucleus of David's loyal army. Rather than remaining in this stronghold indefinitely, David shows godly wisdom by seeking counsel. He entrusts his parents to the king of Moab for protection (v. 3), and the prophet Gad directs him to leave the cave and move to the forest of Hareth (v. 5). Here we see David's pattern of seeking God's guidance through His servants rather than relying solely on his own strategic thinking. Even in danger, David demonstrates faith and obedience to God's word.

Verses 6–15: Saul's Paranoid Accusation

When Saul learns of David's whereabouts and growing following, his response reveals a man consumed by fear and jealousy rather than faith. Saul accuses his own servants of conspiracy (v. 7–8), then turns his suspicion toward the priests at Nob. Doeg the Edomite, seeking favor, informs on Ahimelech the priest, who had unwittingly aided David by providing bread, Goliath's sword, and priestly inquiry (vv. 9–10). Saul summons Ahimelech and, without evidence, charges him with treason. Ahimelech's defense is both humble and logical: he points to David's long service to Saul and questions whether this one act of provision constitutes conspiracy (vv. 14–15). Saul's spiritual condition is now plainly evident—he has abandoned trust in God and descended into destructive suspicion.

Verses 16–20: The Massacre at Nob

Saul pronounces a death sentence on Ahimelech and all the priestly house (v. 16). When his own servants refuse to execute innocent priests of the Lord (v. 17), Saul turns to Doeg, an Edomite foreigner, who brutally slaughters eighty-five priests and completely destroys the city of Nob—men, women, children, and livestock (vv. 18–19). This horrific act represents Saul's complete spiritual collapse: he murders the Lord's anointed priests, demonstrating that his kingdom is now fundamentally opposed to God's purposes. Only Abiathar, one of Ahimelech's sons, escapes and flees to David (v. 20).

Verses 21–23: David's Compassion and Protection

When Abiathar brings news of the massacre, David assumes responsibility: "I have occasioned the death of all the persons of thy father's house" (v. 22). Rather than distancing himself, David offers Abiathar sanctuary and protection, recognizing that both their lives are now pursued by the same threat. This moment reveals David's integrity and his growing understanding that those connected to him will face danger, yet his presence also offers genuine safety.

Application for Today

This chapter reminds us that God's providence extends even through our darkest trials. While innocent people suffered terribly due to Saul's rebellion, God protected David and ensured that the priestly line continued through Abiathar. We too may face unjust circumstances or see evil prosper temporarily, but our confidence rests in God's ultimate purposes. Additionally, David's willingness to shelter the endangered priest challenges us to stand with those who suffer for their faith and to reject the paranoid suspicions that destroy communities. Finally, Saul's downward spiral warns against allowing fear and pride to separate us from God's will—the antidote is always humble obedience and trust in the Lord.

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