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1 Samuel 16

BSB·23 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Now the LORDיְהוָ֜הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֗לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study →, “How longעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → are youאַתָּה֙’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → going to mournמִתְאַבֵּ֣לmiṯ·’ab·bêl — To mourn, lament, or grieveH56 — Full Word Study → forאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →, since Iוַאֲנִ֣יwa·’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → have rejected himמְאַסְתִּ֔יוmə·’as·tîw — to reject, despise, or spurn with contemptH3988 — Full Word Study → as kingמִמְּלֹ֖ךְmim·mə·lōḵ — to reign; to rule as kingH4427 — Full Word Study → overעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →? Fill your hornקַרְנְךָ֜qar·nə·ḵā — horn; power; strength; cornerH7161 — Full Word Study → withמַלֵּ֨אmal·lê — to fill, fulfill, completeH4390 — Full Word Study → oilשֶׁ֗מֶןše·men — Oil; ointment; fat; luxuryH8081 — Full Word Study → and goוְלֵ֤ךְwə·lêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study →. I am sendingאֶֽשְׁלָחֲךָ֙’eš·lā·ḥă·ḵā — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → you toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Jesseיִשַׁ֣יyi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → of Bethlehemהַלַּחְמִ֔יhal·laḥ·mî — Person from BethlehemH1022 — Full Word Study →, forכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I have selectedרָאִ֧יתִיrā·’î·ṯî — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → from his sonsבְּבָנָ֛יוbə·ḇā·nāw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → a kingמֶֽלֶךְ׃me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → for Myself.” 2Howאֵ֣יךְ’êḵ — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → can I goאֵלֵ֔ךְ’ê·lêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study →?” Samuelשְׁמוּאֵל֙šə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → askedוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “Saulשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → will hear of itוְשָׁמַ֥עwə·šā·ma‘ — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → and kill meוַהֲרָגָ֑נִיסwa·hă·rå̄·ḡå̄·nīs — To kill, slay, or murderH2026 — Full Word Study →!” The LORDיְהוָ֗הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → answeredוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Takeתִּקַּ֣חtiq·qaḥ — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → a heiferבָּקָר֙bā·qār — cattle, herd, ox, bovine livestockH1241 — Full Word Study → with youבְּיָדֶ֔ךָbə·yā·ḏe·ḵā — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → and sayוְאָ֣מַרְתָּ֔wə·’ā·mar·tā — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘I have comeבָּֽאתִי׃bā·ṯî — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → to sacrificeלִזְבֹּ֥חַliz·bō·aḥ — to slaughter an animal as a sacrifice or offeringH2076 — Full Word Study → to the LORDלַֽיהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →.’ 3Then inviteוְקָרָ֥אתָwə·qā·rā·ṯā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → Jesseלְיִשַׁ֖יlə·yi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → to the sacrificeבַּזָּ֑בַחbaz·zā·ḇaḥ — sacrificial offering; animal sacrificeH2077 — Full Word Study →, and Iוְאָֽנֹכִ֗יwə·’ā·nō·ḵî — I, myself (first-person singular pronoun)H595 — Full Word Study → will show youאוֹדִֽיעֲךָ֙’ō·w·ḏî·‘ă·ḵā — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → whatאֲשֶֽׁר־’ă·šer- — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → you are to doתַּעֲשֶׂ֔הta·‘ă·śeh — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study →. You are to anointוּמָשַׁחְתָּ֣ū·mā·šaḥ·tā — to anoint with oilH4886 — Full Word Study → for Me the oneאֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer- — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → I indicateאֹמַ֖ר’ō·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →.” 4So Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֗לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → didוַיַּ֣עַשׂway·ya·‘aś — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → whatאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → had saidדִּבֶּ֣רdib·ber — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → and wentוַיָּבֹ֖אway·yā·ḇō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → to Bethlehemלָ֑חֶםlā·ḥem — House of BreadH1035 — Full Word Study →. When the eldersזִקְנֵ֤יziq·nê — An old person; an elder with authority and wisdomH2205 — Full Word Study → of the townהָעִיר֙hā·‘îr — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → met himלִקְרָאת֔וֹliq·rā·ṯōw — to meet, encounter, or come upon (often by chance or unexpectedly)H7122 — Full Word Study →, they trembledוַיֶּחֶרְד֞וּway·ye·ḥer·ḏū — to tremble, quake, or shudder with fearH2729 — Full Word Study → and askedוַיֹּ֖אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Do you comeבּוֹאֶֽךָ׃bō·w·’e·ḵā — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → in peaceשָׁלֹ֥םšā·lōm — Peace, wholeness, well-being, prosperityH7965 — Full Word Study →?” 5In peaceשָׁל֗וֹםšā·lō·wm — Peace, wholeness, well-being, prosperityH7965 — Full Word Study →,” he repliedוַיֹּ֣אמֶר׀way·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “I have comeבָּ֔אתִיbā·ṯî — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → to sacrificeלִזְבֹּ֤חַliz·bō·aḥ — to slaughter an animal as a sacrifice or offeringH2076 — Full Word Study → to the LORDלַֽיהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →. Consecrate yourselvesהִֽתְקַדְּשׁ֔וּhiṯ·qad·də·šū — to set apart as holy; to consecrate or sanctifyH6942 — Full Word Study → and comeוּבָאתֶ֥םū·ḇā·ṯem — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → with meאִתִּ֖י’it·tî — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study → to the sacrificeבַּזָּ֑בַחbaz·zā·ḇaḥ — sacrificial offering; animal sacrificeH2077 — Full Word Study →.” Then he consecratedוַיְקַדֵּ֤שׁway·qad·dêš — to set apart as holy; to consecrate or sanctifyH6942 — Full Word Study → Jesseיִשַׁי֙yi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → and his sonsבָּנָ֔יוbā·nāw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → and invitedוַיִּקְרָ֥אway·yiq·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → them to the sacrificeלַזָּֽבַח׃laz·zā·ḇaḥ — sacrificial offering; animal sacrificeH2077 — Full Word Study →. 6When they arrivedבְּבוֹאָ֔םbə·ḇō·w·’ām — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study →, Samuel sawוַיַּ֖רְאway·yar — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → Eliabאֱלִיאָ֑ב’ĕ·lî·’āḇ — God is my fatherH446 — Full Word Study → and saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Surelyאַ֛ךְ’aḵ — Surely, certainly, only, neverthelessH389 — Full Word Study → here beforeנֶ֥גֶדne·ḡeḏ — before, in front of, in the presence ofH5048 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → is His anointed.” 7But the LORDיְהוָ֜הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֗לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study →, “Do notאַל־’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → considerתַּבֵּ֧טtab·bêṭ — To look upon, regard, or behold with attentionH5027 — Full Word Study → his appearanceמַרְאֵ֛הוּmar·’ê·hū — Appearance, sight, vision, or outward formH4758 — Full Word Study → or heightגְּבֹ֥הַּgə·ḇō·ah — high, exalted, or lofty in position or characterH1364 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I have rejected himמְאַסְתִּ֑יהוּmə·’as·tî·hū — to reject, despise, or spurn with contemptH3988 — Full Word Study →; the LORD does not see asאֲשֶׁ֤ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → manהָאָדָ֔םhā·’ā·ḏām — Man, mankind, human beingH120 — Full Word Study → doesיִרְאֶה֙yir·’eh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study →. Forכִּ֤יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → manהָֽאָדָם֙hā·’ā·ḏām — Man, mankind, human beingH120 — Full Word Study → seesיִרְאֶ֣הyir·’eh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the outward appearanceלַעֵינַ֔יִםla·‘ê·na·yim — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study →, but the LORDוַיהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → seesיִרְאֶ֥הyir·’eh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the heartלַלֵּבָֽב׃lal·lê·ḇāḇ — The inner self; mind, will, understandingH3824 — Full Word Study →.” 8Then Jesseיִשַׁי֙yi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → calledוַיִּקְרָ֤אway·yiq·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → Abinadabאֲבִ֣ינָדָ֔ב’ă·ḇî·nā·ḏāḇ — Abinadab, a man whose name means 'Father is willing' or 'Father is noble'H41 — Full Word Study → and presented himוַיַּעֲבִרֵ֖הוּway·ya·‘ă·ḇi·rê·hū — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study → toלִפְנֵ֣יlip̄·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֑לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study →, who saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “The LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → has notלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → chosenבָחַ֥רḇā·ḥar — To choose, select, or preferH977 — Full Word Study → thisבָּזֶ֖הbā·zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → one eitherגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study →.” 9Next Jesseיִשַׁ֖יyi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → presentedוַיַּעֲבֵ֥רway·ya·‘ă·ḇêr — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study → Shammahשַׁמָּ֑הšam·māh — Desolation; AstonishmentH8048 — Full Word Study →, but Samuel saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “The LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → has notלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → chosenבָחַ֥רḇā·ḥar — To choose, select, or preferH977 — Full Word Study → thisבָּזֶ֖הbā·zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → one eitherגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study →.” 10Thus Jesseיִשַׁ֛יyi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → made sevenשִׁבְעַ֥תšiḇ·‘aṯ — The number seven; sevenfoldH7651 — Full Word Study → of his sonsבָּנָ֖יוbā·nāw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → passוַיַּעֲבֵ֥רway·ya·‘ă·ḇêr — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study → beforeלִפְנֵ֣יlip̄·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֑לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study →, but Samuelשְׁמוּאֵל֙šə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → toldוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → himיִשַׁ֔יyi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study →, “The LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → has notלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → chosenבָחַ֥רḇā·ḥar — To choose, select, or preferH977 — Full Word Study → any of theseבָּאֵֽלֶּה׃bā·’êl·leh — These; those; the onesH428 — Full Word Study →.” 11And Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֣לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → askedוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → himיִשַׁי֮yi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study →, “Are these allהֲתַ֣מּוּhă·ṯam·mū — to finish, complete, bring to an endH8552 — Full Word Study → the sons you have?הַנְּעָרִים֒han·nə·‘ā·rîm — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study →” “There is stillע֚וֹד‘ō·wḏ — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study → the youngestהַקָּטָ֔ןhaq·qā·ṭān — Small, little, least, or young in size, number, age, or importanceH6996 — Full Word Study →,” Jesse repliedוַיֹּ֗אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “but he isוְהִנֵּ֥הwə·hin·nêh — Look! Behold! Pay attention!H2009 — Full Word Study → tendingרֹעֶ֖הrō·‘eh — to shepherd; to tend, feed, or pasture a flockH7462 — Full Word Study → the sheepבַּצֹּ֑אןbaṣ·ṣōn — flock of sheep or goatsH6629 — Full Word Study →.” “Send forשִׁלְחָ֣הšil·ḥāh — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → himוְקָחֶ֔נּוּwə·qā·ḥen·nū — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study →,” Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֤לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → repliedוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “Forכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → we will notלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → sit down to eat untilעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → he arrivesבֹּא֥וֹbō·’ōw — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study →.” 12So Jesse sent for his youngest son and brought him inוַיְבִיאֵ֙הוּ֙way·ḇî·’ê·hū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study →. Heוְה֣וּאwə·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → was ruddy, with beautifulיְפֵ֥הyə·p̄êh — Beautiful, fair, or lovely in appearanceH3303 — Full Word Study → eyesעֵינַ֖יִם‘ê·na·yim — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → and a handsomeוְט֣וֹבwə·ṭō·wḇ — good, beneficial, pleasing, wellH2896 — Full Word Study → appearanceרֹ֑אִי פrō·ʾī p̄ — sight, look, spectacle, or viewingH7210 — Full Word Study →. And the LORDיְהוָ֛הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֧אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Riseק֥וּםqūm — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → and anoint him, forכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → heהֽוּא׃hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → is the oneזֶ֥הzeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study →.” 13So Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֜לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → tookוַיִּקַּ֨חway·yiq·qaḥ — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → the hornקֶ֣רֶןqe·ren — horn; power; strength; cornerH7161 — Full Word Study → of oilהַשֶּׁ֗מֶןhaš·še·men — Oil; ointment; fat; luxuryH8081 — Full Word Study → and anointedוַיִּמְשַׁ֣חway·yim·šaḥ — to anoint with oilH4886 — Full Word Study → himאֹתוֹ֮’ō·ṯōw — direct object marker; signs accusative caseH853 — Full Word Study → in the presenceבְּקֶ֣רֶבbə·qe·reḇ — midst, inner part, heart, inward beingH7130 — Full Word Study → of his brothersאֶחָיו֒’e·ḥāw — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study →, and the Spiritרֽוּחַ־rū·aḥ- — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → rushedוַתִּצְלַ֤חwat·tiṣ·laḥ — To prosper, succeed, push forwardH6743 — Full Word Study → uponאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → from thatהַה֖וּאha·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → dayמֵהַיּ֥וֹםmê·hay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → forwardוָמָ֑עְלָהwā·mā·‘ə·lāh — Above, over, upward; superiority in place or rankH4605 — Full Word Study →. Then Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֔לšə·mū·’êl — God has heardH8050 — Full Word Study → set outוַיָּ֣קָםway·yā·qām — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → and wentוַיֵּ֖לֶךְway·yê·leḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → to Ramahהָרָמָֽתָה׃סhā·rā·mā·ṯāh — High place, elevatedH7414 — Full Word Study →. 14After the Spirit of the LORDיְהוָ֛הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → had departedסָ֖רָהsā·rāh — to turn aside, depart, removeH5493 — Full Word Study → fromמֵעִ֣םmê·‘im — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֑וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →, a spirit of distressרָעָ֖הrā·‘āh — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → fromמֵאֵ֥תmê·’êṯ — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → began to torment himוּבִֽעֲתַ֥תּוּū·ḇi·‘ă·ṯat·tū — to terrify, frighten, or trouble with fearH1204 — Full Word Study →. 15Saul’sשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → servantsעַבְדֵֽי־‘aḇ·ḏê- — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּאמְר֥וּway·yō·mə·rū — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to himאֵלָ֑יו’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, “Surelyהִנֵּה־hin·nêh- — Look! Behold! Pay attention!H2009 — Full Word Study → a spiritרֽוּחַ־rū·aḥ- — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → of distressרָעָ֖הrā·‘āh — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → from Godאֱלֹהִ֛ים’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → is tormenting youמְבַעִתֶּֽךָ׃mə·ḇa·‘it·te·ḵā — to terrify, frighten, or trouble with fearH1204 — Full Word Study →. 16Let our lordאֲדֹנֵ֙נוּ֙’ă·ḏō·nê·nū — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study → commandיֹאמַר־yō·mar- — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → your servantsעֲבָדֶ֣יךָ‘ă·ḇā·ḏe·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → hereלְפָנֶ֔יךָlə·p̄ā·ne·ḵā — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → to seek outיְבַקְשׁ֕וּyə·ḇaq·šū — To seek, search for, or request earnestlyH1245 — Full Word Study → someoneאִ֕ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → who can skillfullyיֹדֵ֖עַyō·ḏê·a‘ — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → playמְנַגֵּ֣ןmə·nag·gên — to play a musical instrument; to make musicH5059 — Full Word Study → the harpבַּכִּנּ֑וֹרbak·kin·nō·wr — stringed musical instrument; lyreH3658 — Full Word Study →. Wheneverבִּֽהְי֨וֹתbih·yō·wṯ — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → the spiritרֽוּחַ־rū·aḥ- — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → of distressרָעָ֔הrā·‘āh — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → from Godאֱלֹהִים֙’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → is upon youעָלֶ֤יךָ‘ā·le·ḵā — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →, he is to play itוְנִגֵּ֥ןwə·nig·gên — to play a musical instrument; to make musicH5059 — Full Word Study →, and you will be well.” 17And Saulשָׁא֖וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → commandedוַיֹּ֥אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → hisאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → servantsעֲבָדָ֑יו‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →, “Findרְאוּ־rə·’ū- — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → me someoneאִ֚ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → who playsלְנַגֵּ֔ןlə·nag·gên — to play a musical instrument; to make musicH5059 — Full Word Study → wellמֵיטִ֣יבmê·ṭîḇ — to be good, to improve, to do wellH3190 — Full Word Study →, and bring him to meאֵלָֽי׃’ê·lāy — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →.” 18Oneאֶחָ֨ד’e·ḥāḏ — One; unity; single; firstH259 — Full Word Study → of the servantsמֵהַנְּעָרִ֜יםmê·han·nə·‘ā·rîm — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → answeredוַיַּעַן֩way·ya·‘an — To answer, respond, or testifyH6030 — Full Word Study →, “I have seenרָאִ֜יתִיrā·’î·ṯî — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → a sonבֵּ֣ןbên — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Jesseלְיִשַׁי֮lə·yi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → of Bethlehemהַלַּחְמִי֒hal·laḥ·mî — Person from BethlehemH1022 — Full Word Study → who knowsיֹדֵ֣עַyō·ḏê·a‘ — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → how to play the harp. He is a mighty manוְגִבּ֨וֹרwə·ḡib·bō·wr — mighty man, warrior, strong heroH1368 — Full Word Study → of valorחַ֜יִלḥa·yil — Army, force, or wealthH2428 — Full Word Study →, a warriorוְאִ֧ישׁwə·’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study →, eloquentוּנְב֥וֹןū·nə·ḇō·wn — To understand, discern, perceiveH995 — Full Word Study → and handsomeתֹּ֑אַרtō·’ar — outward appearance, form, or countenanceH8389 — Full Word Study →, and the LORDוַיהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → is with himעִמּֽוֹ׃‘im·mōw — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study →.” 19So Saulשָׁא֛וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֥חway·yiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → messengersמַלְאָכִ֖יםmal·’ā·ḵîm — messenger; angel; envoyH4397 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Jesseיִשָׁ֑יyi·šāy — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → and saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Sendשִׁלְחָ֥הšil·ḥāh — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → meאֶת־’eṯ- — direct object marker; signs accusative caseH853 — Full Word Study → your sonבִּנְךָ֖bin·ḵā — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֥דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →, whoאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → is with the sheepבַּצֹּֽאן׃baṣ·ṣōn — flock of sheep or goatsH6629 — Full Word Study →.” 20And Jesseיִשַׁ֜יyi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study → tookוַיִּקַּ֨חway·yiq·qaḥ — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → a donkey loaded with breadלֶ֙חֶם֙le·ḥem — Bread; food; sustenanceH3899 — Full Word Study →, a skinוְנֹ֣אדwə·nōḏ — Wineskin, leather bottleH4997 — Full Word Study → of wineיַ֔יִןya·yin — Wine; fermented grape juiceH3196 — Full Word Study →, and oneאֶחָ֑ד’e·ḥāḏ — One; unity; single; firstH259 — Full Word Study → young goatוּגְדִ֥יū·ḡə·ḏî — young goat; kidH1423 — Full Word Study →, and sent themוַיִּשְׁלַ֛חway·yiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁאֽוּל׃šā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → withבְּיַד־bə·yaḏ- — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → his sonבְּנ֖וֹbə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → Davidדָּוִ֥דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →. 21When Davidדָוִד֙ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → cameוַיָּבֹ֤אway·yā·ḇō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → and entered his serviceוַֽיַּעֲמֹ֖דway·ya·‘ă·mōḏ — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study →, Saul admired him greatly, and David becameוַֽיְהִי־way·hî- — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → his armor-bearerנֹשֵׂ֥אnō·śê — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study →. 22Then Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study → sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֣חway·yiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → word toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Jesseיִשַׁ֖יyi·šay — Jesse, father of DavidH3448 — Full Word Study →, sayingלֵאמֹ֑רlê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Let Davidדָוִד֙ḏā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → remain in my serviceיַעֲמָד־ya·‘ă·māḏ- — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study →, forכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I am pleased withמָ֥צָאmā·ṣā — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → himבְּעֵינָֽי׃bə·‘ê·nāy — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study →.” 23And wheneverוְהָיָ֗הwə·hā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → the spiritרֽוּחַ־rū·aḥ- — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → from Godאֱלֹהִים֙’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → cameבִּֽהְי֤וֹתbih·yō·wṯ — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → uponאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Saulשָׁא֔וּלšā·’ūl — Asked of GodH7586 — Full Word Study →, Davidדָּוִ֛דdā·wiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → would pick upוְלָקַ֥חwə·lā·qaḥ — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → his harpהַכִּנּ֖וֹרhak·kin·nō·wr — stringed musical instrument; lyreH3658 — Full Word Study → and playוְנִגֵּ֣ןwə·nig·gên — to play a musical instrument; to make musicH5059 — Full Word Study →, and Saul would become well, and the spiritר֥וּחַrū·aḥ — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → of distressהָרָעָֽה׃פhā·rā·‘āh — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → would departוְסָ֥רָהwə·sā·rāh — to turn aside, depart, removeH5493 — Full Word Study → from himמֵעָלָ֖יוmê·‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — 1 Samuel 16
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

1 Samuel 16 marks a decisive turning point in Israel's history. God directs the prophet Samuel to anoint David, a shepherd boy from Bethlehem, as the future king in place of the rejected Saul. This chapter reveals God's sovereign choice and His different standard of judgment—He looks at the heart, not outward appearance. As David is anointed, the Spirit of the Lord comes upon him with power, while simultaneously departing from Saul, who becomes troubled by an evil spirit. The chapter concludes with David entering Saul's service as a musician and armor-bearer, setting the stage for the dramatic conflicts to come.

Verses 1–5: Samuel's Commission and Journey

The chapter opens with God addressing Samuel's grief over Saul's rejection. Samuel has been mourning, but God calls him forward: "How long wilt thou mourn for Saul?" This is not insensitive; rather, it redirects Samuel's focus from what has been lost to what God is now doing. The Lord sends Samuel to Jesse of Bethlehem, assuring him that the future king is already among Jesse's sons. Fearing Saul's potential violence, Samuel asks how he can travel safely. God provides a pastoral cover: Samuel will go as if to conduct a sacrifice. This shows God's wisdom in protecting His servant while advancing His plan. Samuel obeys immediately, and his arrival in Bethlehem causes fear among the elders—a sign of the spiritual significance of his mission.

Verses 6–12: The Selection of David

When Jesse's sons parade before Samuel, the prophet initially assumes the eldest, Eliab, must be God's choice—he is tall and handsome. But verse 7 contains one of Scripture's most important truths: "The LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart." Samuel is gently corrected. One by one, seven sons are presented and rejected. When Samuel asks if there are more sons, Jesse reluctantly mentions the youngest, who is tending sheep—clearly considered the least significant. Yet when David arrives, the Lord immediately confirms: "Arise, anoint him: for this is he." David's appearance is noted as ruddy and handsome, but his true qualification lies in his heart, which God alone perceives. This teaches us that God's choices often contradict human wisdom and expectations.

Verses 13–23: The Anointing and the Spirits

Samuel anoints David with oil in the presence of his brothers, and "the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward." The anointing was not merely ceremonial; it transferred God's empowering Spirit. In stark contrast, verse 14 reports that "the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul." Where the Spirit of God leaves, darkness enters: Saul is troubled by an evil spirit. Saul's servants, recognizing his distress, suggest finding a skilled musician to soothe him. Providentially, one servant recommends David, unaware that this young man is already God's chosen king. David is brought to Saul's court and quickly finds favor, becoming his armor-bearer. When Saul is troubled, David plays the harp, bringing relief. This shows how God works through natural means and human relationships to accomplish His purposes, while positioning David for his future role.

Application for Today

This chapter challenges our tendency to judge by external standards. God invites us to cultivate hearts that please Him rather than seeking approval through outward appearance or achievement. It also reminds us that God's sovereignty operates through ordinary circumstances—a musical gift, a servant's recommendation—weaving together events for His purpose. Finally, the contrast between Saul losing God's Spirit and David receiving it illustrates the blessing of obedience and the consequences of rebellion. We are called to surrender our hearts fully to the Lord, trusting that His choices, though sometimes surprising, are always wise and good.

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