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Joshua 18

BSB·28 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Then the wholeכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → congregationעֲדַ֤ת‘ă·ḏaṯ — congregation, assembly, gathered communityH5712 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → assembledוַיִּקָּ֨הֲל֜וּway·yiq·qā·hă·lū — to gather or assemble togetherH6950 — Full Word Study → at Shilohשִׁלֹ֔הši·lōh — A place of restH7887 — Full Word Study → and set upוַיַּשְׁכִּ֥ינוּway·yaš·kî·nū — To dwell, inhabit, or settle in a placeH7931 — Full Word Study → the Tentאֹ֣הֶל’ō·hel — A tent; portable dwelling placeH168 — Full Word Study → of Meetingמוֹעֵ֑דmō·w·‘êḏ — appointed time; solemn assemblyH4150 — Full Word Study → thereשָׁ֖םšām — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study →. And though the landוְהָאָ֥רֶץwə·hā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → was subduedנִכְבְּשָׁ֖הniḵ·bə·šāh — To subdue, conquer, or bring into subjectionH3533 — Full Word Study → before themלִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃lip̄·nê·hem — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →, 2there were stillוַיִּוָּֽתְרוּ֙way·yiw·wā·ṯə·rū — to remain, be left over, excelH3498 — Full Word Study → sevenשִׁבְעָ֖הšiḇ·‘āh — The number seven; sevenfoldH7651 — Full Word Study → tribesשְׁבָטִֽים׃šə·ḇā·ṭîm — tribe; staff; scepter; rodH7626 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → whoאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → had notלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → yet receivedחָלְק֖וּḥā·lə·qū — to divide, distribute, or apportion; to be smooth or flatterH2505 — Full Word Study → their inheritanceנַֽחֲלָתָ֑םna·ḥă·lā·ṯām — Inheritance; received possession or propertyH5159 — Full Word Study →. 3So Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֥אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the Israelitesבְּנֵ֣יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, “How longעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → will youאַתֶּ֣ם’at·tem — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → put offמִתְרַפִּ֔יםmiṯ·rap·pîm — to slacken, weaken, or grow feebleH7503 — Full Word Study → enteringלָבוֹא֙lā·ḇō·w — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → and possessingלָרֶ֣שֶׁתlā·re·šeṯ — to possess, inherit, dispossessH3423 — Full Word Study → the landהָאָ֔רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁר֙’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →, the Godאֱלֹהֵ֥י’ĕ·lō·hê — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → of your fathersאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶֽם׃’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·ḵem — H1 — Full Word Study →, has givenנָתַ֣ןnā·ṯan — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → you? 4Appointהָב֥וּhā·ḇū — to give, provide, or grantH3051 — Full Word Study → threeשְׁלֹשָׁ֥הšə·lō·šāh — The number three; a group of three thingsH7969 — Full Word Study → menאֲנָשִׁ֖ים’ă·nā·šîm — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → from each tribeלַשָּׁ֑בֶטlaš·šā·ḇeṭ — tribe; staff; scepter; rodH7626 — Full Word Study →, and I will send them outוְאֶשְׁלָחֵ֗םwə·’eš·lā·ḥêm — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → to surveyוְיִֽתְהַלְּכ֥וּwə·yiṯ·hal·lə·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → the landבָאָ֛רֶץḇā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → and map it outוְיִכְתְּב֥וּwə·yiḵ·tə·ḇū — to write, inscribe, or record in written formH3789 — Full Word Study →, according toלְפִ֥יlə·p̄î — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study → the inheritance of eachנַֽחֲלָתָ֖םna·ḥă·lā·ṯām — Inheritance; received possession or propertyH5159 — Full Word Study →. Then they will returnוְיָבֹ֥אוּwə·yā·ḇō·’ū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → to meאֵלָֽי׃’ê·lāy — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → 5and divideוְהִֽתְחַלְּק֥וּwə·hiṯ·ḥal·lə·qū — to divide, distribute, or apportion; to be smooth or flatterH2505 — Full Word Study → the land into sevenלְשִׁבְעָ֣הlə·šiḇ·‘āh — The number seven; sevenfoldH7651 — Full Word Study → portionsחֲלָקִ֑יםḥă·lā·qîm — portion, allotment, flatteryH2506 — Full Word Study →. Judahיְהוּדָ֞הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study → shall remainיַעֲמֹ֤דya·‘ă·mōḏ — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study → inעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → their territoryגְּבוּלוֹ֙gə·ḇū·lōw — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → in the southמִנֶּ֔גֶבmin·ne·ḡeḇ — The South, Southern RegionH5045 — Full Word Study →, and the houseוּבֵ֥יתū·ḇêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → of Josephיוֹסֵ֛ףyō·w·sêp̄ — God will increaseH3130 — Full Word Study → shall remainיַעַמְד֥וּya·‘am·ḏū — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study → inעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → their territoryגְּבוּלָ֖םgə·ḇū·lām — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → in the northמִצָּפֽוֹן׃miṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·wn — North; northern direction or regionH6828 — Full Word Study →. 6When youוְאַתֶּ֞םwə·’at·tem — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → have mapped outתִּכְתְּב֤וּtiḵ·tə·ḇū — to write, inscribe, or record in written formH3789 — Full Word Study → the sevenשִׁבְעָ֣הšiḇ·‘āh — The number seven; sevenfoldH7651 — Full Word Study → portionsחֲלָקִ֔יםḥă·lā·qîm — portion, allotment, flatteryH2506 — Full Word Study → of landהָאָ֙רֶץ֙hā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → and broughtוַֽהֲבֵאתֶ֥םwa·hă·ḇê·ṯem — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → it to meאֵלַ֖י’ê·lay — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, I will castוְיָרִ֨יתִיwə·yā·rî·ṯî — To shoot, throw, or teach; to direct or instructH3384 — Full Word Study → lotsגּוֹרָל֙gō·w·rāl — lot, portion, inheritance, destinyH1486 — Full Word Study → for you hereפֹּ֔הpōh — Here, in this place, to this sideH6311 — Full Word Study → in the presenceלִפְנֵ֖יlip̄·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֥הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → our Godאֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃’ĕ·lō·hê·nū — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study →. 7The Levitesלַלְוִיִּם֙lal·wî·yim — Joined, AttachedH3881 — Full Word Study →, howeverכִּ֠יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study →, have noאֵֽין־’ên- — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → portionחֵ֤לֶקḥê·leq — portion, allotment, flatteryH2506 — Full Word Study → among youבְּקִרְבְּכֶ֔םbə·qir·bə·ḵem — midst, inner part, heart, inward beingH7130 — Full Word Study →, becauseכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → their inheritanceנַחֲלָת֑וֹna·ḥă·lā·ṯōw — Inheritance; received possession or propertyH5159 — Full Word Study → is the priesthoodכְהֻנַּ֥תḵə·hun·naṯ — The office or function of a priestH3550 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →. And Gadוְגָ֡דwə·ḡāḏ — Fortune, luckH1410 — Full Word Study →, Reubenוּרְאוּבֵ֡ןū·rə·’ū·ḇên — Behold, a sonH7205 — Full Word Study →, and halfוַחֲצִי֩wa·ḥă·ṣî — half, middle, midstH2677 — Full Word Study → the tribeשֵׁ֨בֶטšê·ḇeṭ — tribe; staff; scepter; rodH7626 — Full Word Study → of Manassehהַֽמְנַשֶּׁ֜הham·naš·šeh — God has made me forgetH4519 — Full Word Study → have already receivedלָקְח֣וּlā·qə·ḥū — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → the inheritanceנַחֲלָתָ֗םna·ḥă·lā·ṯām — Inheritance; received possession or propertyH5159 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁר֙’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → Mosesמֹשֶׁ֖הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → the servantעֶ֥בֶד‘e·ḇeḏ — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → gaveנָתַ֣ןnā·ṯan — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → them beyondמֵעֵ֤בֶרmê·‘ê·ḇer — side, border, region beyondH5676 — Full Word Study → the Jordanלַיַּרְדֵּן֙lay·yar·dên — The flowing riverH3383 — Full Word Study → to the eastמִזְרָ֔חָהmiz·rā·ḥāh — east; direction of the sunrise; eastern regionH4217 — Full Word Study →.” 8As the menהָאֲנָשִׁ֖יםhā·’ă·nā·šîm — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → got upוַיָּקֻ֥מוּway·yā·qu·mū — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → to go outוַיֵּלֵ֑כוּway·yê·lê·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study →, Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֡עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → commandedוַיְצַ֣וway·ṣaw — to command, order, or appoint with authorityH6680 — Full Word Study → themהַהֹלְכִים֩ha·hō·lə·ḵîm — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → to map outלִכְתֹּ֨בliḵ·tōḇ — to write, inscribe, or record in written formH3789 — Full Word Study → the landהָאָ֜רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →, sayingלֵאמֹ֗רlê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Goלְ֠כוּlə·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → and surveyוְהִתְהַלְּכ֨וּwə·hiṯ·hal·lə·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → the landבָאָ֜רֶץḇā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →, map it outוְכִתְב֤וּwə·ḵiṯ·ḇū — to write, inscribe, or record in written formH3789 — Full Word Study →, and returnוְשׁ֣וּבוּwə·šū·ḇū — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → to meאֵלַ֔י’ê·lay — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →. Then I will castאַשְׁלִ֨יךְ’aš·lîḵ — to throw, cast, or hurlH7993 — Full Word Study → lotsגּוֹרָ֛לgō·w·rāl — lot, portion, inheritance, destinyH1486 — Full Word Study → for you hereוּ֠פֹהū·p̄ōh — Here, in this place, to this sideH6311 — Full Word Study → in Shilohבְּשִׁלֹֽה׃bə·ši·lōh — A place of restH7887 — Full Word Study → in the presenceלִפְנֵ֥יlip̄·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →.” 9So the menהָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙hā·’ă·nā·šîm — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → departedוַיֵּלְכ֤וּway·yê·lə·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → and went throughoutוַיַּעַבְר֣וּway·ya·‘aḇ·rū — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study → the landבָאָ֔רֶץḇā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →, mapping itוַיִּכְתְּב֧וּהָway·yiḵ·tə·ḇū·hā — to write, inscribe, or record in written formH3789 — Full Word Study → city by cityלֶֽעָרִ֛יםle·‘ā·rîm — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → into sevenלְשִׁבְעָ֥הlə·šiḇ·‘āh — The number seven; sevenfoldH7651 — Full Word Study → portionsחֲלָקִ֖יםḥă·lā·qîm — portion, allotment, flatteryH2506 — Full Word Study →. Then they returnedוַיָּבֹ֧אוּway·yā·ḇō·’ū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → with the documentסֵ֑פֶרsê·p̄er — A written document, scroll, or bookH5612 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → atאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the campהַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖הham·ma·ḥă·neh — Military encampment; organized settlement or gatheringH4264 — Full Word Study → in Shilohשִׁלֹֽה׃ši·lōh — A place of restH7887 — Full Word Study →. 10And Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֧עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → castוַיַּשְׁלֵךְ֩way·yaš·lêḵ — to throw, cast, or hurlH7993 — Full Word Study → lotsגּוֹרָ֛לgō·w·rāl — lot, portion, inheritance, destinyH1486 — Full Word Study → for them in the presenceלִפְנֵ֣יlip̄·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֑הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → at Shilohבְּשִׁלֹ֖הbə·ši·lōh — A place of restH7887 — Full Word Study →, whereשָׁ֨םšām — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study → heיְהוֹשֻׁ֧עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → distributedוַיְחַלֶּק־way·ḥal·leq- — to divide, distribute, or apportion; to be smooth or flatterH2505 — Full Word Study → the landהָאָ֛רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → to the Israelitesלִבְנֵ֥יliḇ·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → according to their divisionsכְּמַחְלְקֹתָֽם׃פkə·maḥ·lə·qō·ṯām — Division, portion, or allotted classH4256 — Full Word Study →. 11The first lot came upוַיַּ֗עַלway·ya·‘al — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → for the clansלְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑םlə·miš·pə·ḥō·ṯām — Family, clan, household groupH4940 — Full Word Study → of the tribeמַטֵּ֥הmaṭ·ṭêh — Rod, staff, or tribeH4294 — Full Word Study → of Benjaminבִנְיָמִ֖ןḇin·yā·min — Son of the right handH1144 — Full Word Study →. Their allottedגּֽוֹרָלָ֔םgō·w·rā·lām — lot, portion, inheritance, destinyH1486 — Full Word Study → territoryגְּב֣וּלgə·ḇūl — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → layוַיֵּצֵא֙way·yê·ṣê — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → betweenבֵּ֚יןbên — between, among, in the midst ofH996 — Full Word Study → the tribes of Judahיְהוּדָ֔הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study → andוּבֵ֖יןū·ḇên — between, among, in the midst ofH996 — Full Word Study → Josephיוֹסֵֽף׃yō·w·sêp̄ — God will increaseH3130 — Full Word Study →: 12On the northצָפ֖וֹנָהṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh — North; northern direction or regionH6828 — Full Word Study → sideלִפְאַ֥תlip̄·’aṯ — corner, edge, side, or extremity of somethingH6285 — Full Word Study → their borderהַגְּב֛וּלhag·gə·ḇūl — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → beganוַיְהִ֨יway·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → atמִן־min- — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → the Jordanהַיַּרְדֵּ֑ןhay·yar·dên — The flowing riverH3383 — Full Word Study →, went upוְעָלָ֣הwə·‘ā·lāh — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → pastאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the northernמִצָּפ֗וֹןmiṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·wn — North; northern direction or regionH6828 — Full Word Study → slopeכֶּ֨תֶףke·ṯep̄ — shoulder; the upper body part bearing weight and responsibilityH3802 — Full Word Study → of Jerichoיְרִיח֜וֹyə·rî·ḥōw — City of palmsH3405 — Full Word Study →, headedוְעָלָ֤הwə·‘ā·lāh — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → westיָ֔מָּהyām·māh — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study → through the hill countryבָהָר֙ḇā·hār — Mountain, hill, or elevated land massH2022 — Full Word Study →, and came outוְהָיָהwə·hå̄·yå̄h — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → at the wildernessמִדְבַּ֖רָהmiḏ·ba·rāh — Desert; wilderness; pasture; speechH4057 — Full Word Study → of Beth-avenאָֽוֶן׃’ā·wen — Beth-aven, a city in Benjamin's territoryH1007 — Full Word Study →. 13From thereמִשָּׁ֨םmiš·šām — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study → the borderהַגְּב֜וּלhag·gə·ḇūl — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → crossed overוְעָבַר֩wə·‘ā·ḇar — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the southernנֶ֔גְבָּהneḡ·bāh — The South, Southern RegionH5045 — Full Word Study → slopeכֶּ֤תֶףke·ṯep̄ — shoulder; the upper body part bearing weight and responsibilityH3802 — Full Word Study → of Luzל֙וּזָה֙lū·zāh — Almond treeH3870 — Full Word Study → (that isהִ֖יאhî — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study →, Bethelאֵ֑ל’êl — House of GodH1008 — Full Word Study →) and went downוְיָרַ֤דwə·yā·raḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → to Ataroth-addarאַדָּ֔ר’ad·dār — Ataroth-addar, a border town between Ephraim and BenjaminH5853 — Full Word Study → onעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the hillהָהָ֕רhā·hār — Mountain, hill, or elevated land massH2022 — Full Word Study → southמִנֶּ֥גֶבmin·ne·ḡeḇ — The South, Southern RegionH5045 — Full Word Study → ofלְבֵית־lə·ḇêṯ- — Beth-horon, a town in the hill country of EphraimH1032 — Full Word Study → Lowerתַּחְתּֽוֹן׃taḥ·tō·wn — Lower, underneath, inferior in position or rankH8481 — Full Word Study → Beth-horonחֹר֖וֹןḥō·rō·wn — Beth-horon, a town in the hill country of EphraimH1032 — Full Word Study →. 14On the westיָ֜םyām — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study → sideלִפְאַת־lip̄·’aṯ- — corner, edge, side, or extremity of somethingH6285 — Full Word Study → the borderהַגְּבוּל֩hag·gə·ḇūl — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → curvedוְתָאַ֣רwə·ṯā·’ar — to mark out; to delineate; to draw a boundary or outlineH8388 — Full Word Study → southwardנֶ֗גְבָּהneḡ·bāh — The South, Southern RegionH5045 — Full Word Study → fromמִן־min- — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → the hillהָהָר֙hā·hār — Mountain, hill, or elevated land massH2022 — Full Word Study → facingעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → Beth-horonחֹרוֹן֮ḥō·rō·wn — Beth-horon, a town in the hill country of EphraimH1032 — Full Word Study → on the southנֶגְבָּה֒neḡ·bāh — The South, Southern RegionH5045 — Full Word Study → and came outוְהָיָהwə·hå̄·yå̄h — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → atאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Kiriath-baalבַּ֙עַל֙ba·‘al — Kiriath-baal, a city of JudahH7154 — Full Word Study → (that isהִ֚יאhî — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study →, Kiriath-jearimיְעָרִ֔יםyə·‘ā·rîm — Kiriath-jearim, a city of JudahH7157 — Full Word Study →), a cityעִ֖יר‘îr — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → of the sonsבְּנֵ֣יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Judahיְהוּדָ֑הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study →. Thisזֹ֖אתzōṯ — This, that; demonstrative pronounH2063 — Full Word Study → was the westernיָֽם׃yām — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study → sideפְּאַת־pə·’aṯ- — corner, edge, side, or extremity of somethingH6285 — Full Word Study →. 15On the southנֶ֕גְבָּהneḡ·bāh — The South, Southern RegionH5045 — Full Word Study → sideוּפְאַת־ū·p̄ə·’aṯ- — corner, edge, side, or extremity of somethingH6285 — Full Word Study → the borderהַגְּבוּל֙hag·gə·ḇūl — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → began at the outskirtsמִקְצֵ֖הmiq·ṣêh — edge, border, extremity, endH7097 — Full Word Study → of Kiriath-jearimיְעָרִ֑יםyə·‘ā·rîm — Kiriath-jearim, a city of JudahH7157 — Full Word Study → and extendedוְיָצָ֤אwə·yā·ṣā — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → westwardיָ֔מָּהyām·māh — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the springמַעְיַ֖ןma‘·yan — Natural spring or fountain of waterH4599 — Full Word Study → at the Watersמֵ֥יmê — Water; liquid; fluidsH4325 — Full Word Study → of Nephtoahנֶפְתּֽוֹחַ׃nep̄·tō·w·aḥ — Spring or fountain openingH5318 — Full Word Study →. 16Then it went downוְיָרַ֨דwə·yā·raḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the footקְצֵ֣הqə·ṣêh — edge, border, extremity, endH7097 — Full Word Study → of the hillהָהָ֗רhā·hār — Mountain, hill, or elevated land massH2022 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁר֙’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → facesעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the Valley of Hinnom at the northernצָפ֑וֹנָהṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh — North; northern direction or regionH6828 — Full Word Study → end of the Valleyבְּעֵ֥מֶקbə·‘ê·meq — ValleyH6010 — Full Word Study → of Rephaimרְפָאִ֖יםrə·p̄ā·’îm — Giant; member of the Rephaim raceH7497 — Full Word Study → and ran downוְיָרַד֩wə·yā·raḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → the Valley of Hinnomגֵּ֨יgê — ValleyH1516 — Full Word Study → towardאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the southernנֶ֔גְבָּהneḡ·bāh — The South, Southern RegionH5045 — Full Word Study → slopeכֶּ֤תֶףke·ṯep̄ — shoulder; the upper body part bearing weight and responsibilityH3802 — Full Word Study → of the Jebusitesהַיְבוּסִי֙hay·ḇū·sî — Inhabitant of JebusH2983 — Full Word Study → and downwardוְיָרַ֖דwə·yā·raḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → to En-rogelרֹגֵֽל׃rō·ḡêl — En-rogel, a spring near JerusalemH5883 — Full Word Study →. 17From there it curvedוְתָאַ֣רwə·ṯā·’ar — to mark out; to delineate; to draw a boundary or outlineH8388 — Full Word Study → northwardמִצָּפ֗וֹןmiṣ·ṣā·p̄ō·wn — North; northern direction or regionH6828 — Full Word Study → and proceededוְיָצָא֙wə·yā·ṣā — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → to En-shemeshשֶׁ֔מֶשׁše·meš — En-shemesh, a spring or fountain east of JerusalemH5885 — Full Word Study → and on toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Gelilothגְּלִיל֔וֹתgə·lî·lō·wṯ — Border regionH1553 — Full Word Study → facingנֹ֖כַחnō·ḵaḥ — directly before, in front of, oppositeH5227 — Full Word Study → the Ascentמַעֲלֵ֣הma·‘ă·lêh — ascent, going up, stairwayH4608 — Full Word Study → of Adummimאֲדֻמִּ֑ים’ă·ḏum·mîm — Red or bloody placeH131 — Full Word Study →, and continued downוְיָרַ֕דwə·yā·raḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → to the Stoneאֶ֥בֶן’e·ḇen — Stone; rock; precious stoneH68 — Full Word Study → of Bohanבֹּ֖הַןbō·han — Thumb or fingerH932 — Full Word Study → sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Reubenרְאוּבֵֽן׃rə·’ū·ḇên — Behold, a sonH7205 — Full Word Study →. 18Then it went onוְעָבַ֛רwə·‘ā·ḇar — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the northernצָפ֑וֹנָהṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh — North; northern direction or regionH6828 — Full Word Study → slopeכֶּ֥תֶףke·ṯep̄ — shoulder; the upper body part bearing weight and responsibilityH3802 — Full Word Study → ofמוּל־mūl- — Opposite, before, facing, towardH4136 — Full Word Study → Beth-arabahהָֽעֲרָבָ֖הhā·‘ă·rā·ḇāh — The Rift ValleyH6160 — Full Word Study → and went downוְיָרַ֖דwə·yā·raḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → into the valleyהָעֲרָבָֽתָה׃hā·‘ă·rā·ḇā·ṯāh — The Rift ValleyH6160 — Full Word Study →. 19The borderהַגְּב֜וּלhag·gə·ḇūl — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study → continuedוְעָבַ֨רwə·‘ā·ḇar — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the northernצָפוֹנָה֒ṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh — North; northern direction or regionH6828 — Full Word Study → slopeכֶּ֣תֶףke·ṯep̄ — shoulder; the upper body part bearing weight and responsibilityH3802 — Full Word Study → of Beth-hoglahחָגְלָה֮ḥā·ḡə·lāh — Beth-hoglah, a town on the border of Benjamin and JudahH1031 — Full Word Study → and came outוְהָיָהwə·hå̄·yå̄h — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → atאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the northernצָפ֔וֹנָהṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh — North; northern direction or regionH6828 — Full Word Study → bayלְשׁ֤וֹןlə·šō·wn — Tongue; language; speechH3956 — Full Word Study → of the Salt Seaיָם־yām- — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study →, atאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the mouthנֶ֑גְבָּהneḡ·bāh — The South, Southern RegionH5045 — Full Word Study → of the Jordanהַיַּרְדֵּ֖ןhay·yar·dên — The flowing riverH3383 — Full Word Study →. Thisזֶ֖הzeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → was the southernנֶֽגֶב׃ne·ḡeḇ — The South, Southern RegionH5045 — Full Word Study → borderהַגְּב֗וּלhag·gə·ḇūl — boundary, border, or limit of a regionH1366 — Full Word Study →. 20On the eastקֵ֑דְמָהqê·ḏə·māh — East; ancient times; beforeH6924 — Full Word Study → sideלִפְאַת־lip̄·’aṯ- — corner, edge, side, or extremity of somethingH6285 — Full Word Study → the borderיִגְבֹּל־yiḡ·bōl- — to set a border or boundary; to limitH1379 — Full Word Study → was the Jordanוְהַיַּרְדֵּ֥ןwə·hay·yar·dên — The flowing riverH3383 — Full Word Study →. Theseזֹ֡אתzōṯ — This, that; demonstrative pronounH2063 — Full Word Study → were the borders aroundסָבִ֖יבsā·ḇîḇ — around, on all sides, encirclingH5439 — Full Word Study → the inheritanceנַחֲלַת֩na·ḥă·laṯ — Inheritance; received possession or propertyH5159 — Full Word Study → of the clansלְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽם׃lə·miš·pə·ḥō·ṯām — Family, clan, household groupH4940 — Full Word Study → of the tribeבְּנֵ֨יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Benjaminבִנְיָמִ֧ןḇin·yā·min — Son of the right handH1144 — Full Word Study →. 21These wereוְהָי֣וּwə·hā·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → the citiesהֶֽעָרִ֗יםhe·‘ā·rîm — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → of the clansלְמִשְׁפְּחֽוֹתֵיהֶ֑םlə·miš·pə·ḥō·w·ṯê·hem — Family, clan, household groupH4940 — Full Word Study → of the tribeלְמַטֵּ֛הlə·maṭ·ṭêh — Rod, staff, or tribeH4294 — Full Word Study → of Benjaminבִנְיָמִ֖ןḇin·yā·min — Son of the right handH1144 — Full Word Study →: 22Jericho, Beth-hoglah, Emek-keziz, Beth-arabahהָֽעֲרָבָ֛הhā·‘ă·rā·ḇāh — Beth-arabah, a town in the Judean wildernessH1026 — Full Word Study →, Zemaraimוּצְמָרַ֖יִםū·ṣə·mā·ra·yim — Mount Zemaraim, a hill in BenjaminH6787 — Full Word Study →, Bethelאֵֽל׃’êl — House of GodH1008 — Full Word Study →, 23Avvimוְהָעַוִּ֥יםwə·hā·‘aw·wîm — An ancient people groupH5761 — Full Word Study →, Parahוְהַפָּרָ֖הwə·hap·pā·rāh — A spring or fountainH6511 — Full Word Study →, Ophrahוְעָפְרָֽה׃wə·‘ā·p̄ə·rāh — Fawn or young deerH6084 — Full Word Study →, 24Chephar-ammoniהָעַמֹּנִיhå̄·ʿam·mō·nī — Chephar-ammoni, a village of the AmmonitesH3726 — Full Word Study →, Ophniוְהָֽעָפְנִ֖יwə·hā·‘ā·p̄ə·nî — A Benjamite cityH6078 — Full Word Study →, and Gebaוָגָ֑בַעwā·ḡā·ḇa‘ — Hill or high placeH1387 — Full Word Study →twelveשְׁתֵּים־šə·têm- — The number two; a pair or coupleH8147 — Full Word Study → citiesעָרִ֥ים‘ā·rîm — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study →, along with their villagesוְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן׃wə·ḥaṣ·rê·hen — Enclosed courtyard or village settlementH2691 — Full Word Study →. 25Gibeonגִּבְע֥וֹןgiḇ·‘ō·wn — Hill city of BenjaminH1391 — Full Word Study →, Ramahוְהָֽרָמָ֖הwə·hā·rā·māh — High place, elevatedH7414 — Full Word Study →, Beerothוּבְאֵרֽוֹת׃ū·ḇə·’ê·rō·wṯ — Wells or cisternsH881 — Full Word Study →, 26Mizpehוְהַמִּצְפֶּ֥הwə·ham·miṣ·peh — Watchtower or LookoutH4708 — Full Word Study →, Chephirahוְהַכְּפִירָ֖הwə·hak·kə·p̄î·rāh — A Gibeonite cityH3716 — Full Word Study →, Mozahוְהַמֹּצָֽה׃wə·ham·mō·ṣāh — A place in BenjaminH4681 — Full Word Study →, 27Rekemוְרֶ֥קֶםwə·re·qem — Variegated or ColorfulH7552 — Full Word Study →, Irpeelוְיִרְפְּאֵ֖לwə·yir·pə·’êl — God healsH3416 — Full Word Study →, Taralahוְתַרְאֲלָֽה׃wə·ṯar·’ă·lāh — A city in BenjaminH8634 — Full Word Study →, 28Zelahוְצֵלַ֡עwə·ṣê·la‘ — A city in BenjaminH6762 — Full Word Study →, Haelephהָאֶ֜לֶףhā·’e·lep̄ — Half, PortionH507 — Full Word Study →, Jebusוְהַיְבוּסִ֨יwə·hay·ḇū·sî — Inhabitant of JebusH2983 — Full Word Study → (that isהִ֤יאhî — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study →, Jerusalemיְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙yə·rū·šā·lim — City of peaceH3389 — Full Word Study →), Gibeahגִּבְעַ֣תgiḇ·‘aṯ — Hill or elevated placeH1394 — Full Word Study →, and Kiriath-jearimקִרְיַ֔תqir·yaṯ — Kiriath-jearim, a city of JudahH7157 — Full Word Study →fourteenאַרְבַּֽע־’ar·ba‘- — The number four; a group of fourH702 — Full Word Study → citiesעָרִ֥ים‘ā·rîm — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study →, along with their villagesוְחַצְרֵיהֶ֑ןwə·ḥaṣ·rê·hen — Enclosed courtyard or village settlementH2691 — Full Word Study →. Thisזֹ֛אתzōṯ — This, that; demonstrative pronounH2063 — Full Word Study → was the inheritanceנַֽחֲלַ֥תna·ḥă·laṯ — Inheritance; received possession or propertyH5159 — Full Word Study → of the clansלְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽם׃פlə·miš·pə·ḥō·ṯām — Family, clan, household groupH4940 — Full Word Study → of the tribeבְּנֵֽי־bə·nê- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Benjaminבִנְיָמִ֖ןḇin·yā·min — Son of the right handH1144 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Joshua 18
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Joshua 18 records a crucial moment in Israel's conquest: the organized distribution of land to the remaining seven tribes. After establishing the tabernacle at Shiloh as the nation's religious center, Joshua confronts the tribes' delay in claiming their inheritance and initiates a systematic survey of the unconquered territory. The chapter focuses particularly on Benjamin's tribal allotment, demonstrating how God's promises are fulfilled through orderly process, faithful leadership, and the casting of lots—a method the Israelites used to discern the Lord's will.

Verses 1-3: The Setting and Joshua's Challenge

The chapter opens with Israel's congregation assembled at Shiloh, where the tabernacle is now permanently established (verse 1). This marks a significant transition: the wilderness wandering is over, the conquest is largely complete, and Israel is settling into the Promised Land. Yet Joshua observes something troubling: seven tribes have not yet received their inheritance (verse 2). Rather than accept this passivity, Joshua issues a stirring rebuke in verse 3: "How long are ye slack to go to possess the land, which the LORD God of your fathers hath given you?" The word "slack" speaks to spiritual lethargy and hesitation. Joshua reminds the people that God has already given them the land—what remains is the active step of taking possession. This reflects a biblical principle: God's promises require our faithful action in response.

Verses 4-10: The Survey and Casting of Lots

Joshua's solution is practical and wise (verses 4-6). He commands three representatives from each of the seven remaining tribes to survey the land systematically, document it by cities and regions, and return with a detailed written description. Joshua then commits the final distribution to the Lord through casting lots "before the LORD our God" (verse 6). This method—common in ancient Israel for decision-making—reflects trust that God directs the outcome (see Proverbs 16:33). Verse 7 clarifies that the Levites, as God's priests, receive no territorial inheritance; their "inheritance" is the priesthood itself. It also reminds us that Gad, Reuben, and half-Manasseh have already received land east of the Jordan under Moses. When the surveyors return and the lots are cast (verses 9-10), the process is completed solemnly and publicly before the Lord at Shiloh.

Verses 11-20: Benjamin's Territorial Boundaries

Benjamin's tribal allotment is described in precise geographic detail, bounded by Judah to the south and Joseph (Ephraim and Manasseh) to the north (verses 11-12). The borders are carefully marked by landmarks: Jericho, Bethel, the valley of Hinnom, the Dead Sea, and the Jordan River (verses 12-20). While the specific place names may seem remote to modern readers, the careful documentation underscores that God's covenant promises are concrete and historically verifiable, not vague or spiritual abstractions. Benjamin received a small but strategically important territory near Jerusalem.

Verses 21-28: Benjamin's Cities

The chapter concludes by listing Benjamin's twenty-six cities and their villages, including notably Jerusalem (Jebusi) and Gibeon—sites of great significance in Israel's later history. This inventory emphasizes that the inheritance was real, measurable, and permanently recorded.

Application for Today

Joshua's rebuke to the slack tribes reminds us that God's promises in our lives demand active faith and obedience, not passive waiting. We have been given spiritual inheritance in Christ; the question is whether we will actively possess it through prayer, study of God's Word, and service. Like the Israelites, we should seek God's guidance in major decisions, trusting Him to direct our steps when we genuinely seek His will.

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