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Joshua 5

BSB·15 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Nowוַיְהִ֣יway·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → when allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the Amoriteהָאֱמֹרִ֡יhā·’ĕ·mō·rî — Canaanite peoplesH567 — Full Word Study → kingsמַלְכֵ֣יmal·ḵê — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → west ofיָ֗מָּהyām·māh — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study → the Jordanהַיַּרְדֵּ֜ןhay·yar·dên — The flowing riverH3383 — Full Word Study → and allוְכָל־wə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the Canaaniteהַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙hak·kə·na·‘ă·nî — Canaanite; merchant or traderH3669 — Full Word Study → kingsמַלְכֵ֤יmal·ḵê — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → alongעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the coastהַיָּ֔םhay·yām — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study → heardכִשְׁמֹ֣עַḵiš·mō·a‘ — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → howאֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer- — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֜הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → had dried upהוֹבִ֨ישׁhō·w·ḇîš — to wither, dry up, or be ashamedH3001 — Full Word Study → the watersמֵ֧יmê — Water; liquid; fluidsH4325 — Full Word Study → of the Jordanהַיַּרְדֵּ֛ןhay·yar·dên — The flowing riverH3383 — Full Word Study → beforeמִפְּנֵ֥יmip·pə·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → the Israelitesבְנֵֽי־ḇə·nê- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → untilעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → they had crossed overעָבְרָנוּʿå̄·ḇə·rå̄·nū — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study →, their heartsלְבָבָ֗םlə·ḇā·ḇām — The inner self; mind, will, understandingH3824 — Full Word Study → meltedוַיִּמַּ֣סway·yim·mas — To melt, dissolve, or lose courageH4549 — Full Word Study → and their spiritsר֔וּחַrū·aḥ — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → failedוְלֹא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → for fear ofמִפְּנֵ֖יmip·pə·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → the Israelitesבְּנֵֽי־bə·nê- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →. 2At thatהַהִ֗יאha·hî — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → timeבָּעֵ֣תbā·‘êṯ — Time, season, or appointed momentH6256 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidאָמַ֤ר’ā·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study →, “Makeעֲשֵׂ֥ה‘ă·śêh — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → flintצֻרִ֑יםṣu·rîm — Rock; stone; strength; fortressH6697 — Full Word Study → knivesחַֽרְב֣וֹתḥar·ḇō·wṯ — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study → and circumciseמֹ֥לmōl — to circumcise; to cut off; to destroyH4135 — Full Word Study → the sonsבְּנֵֽי־bə·nê- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → once againוְשׁ֛וּבwə·šūḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study →.” 3So Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → madeוַיַּעַשׂ־way·ya·‘aś- — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → flintצֻרִ֑יםṣu·rîm — Rock; stone; strength; fortressH6697 — Full Word Study → knivesחַֽרְב֣וֹתḥar·ḇō·wṯ — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study → and circumcisedוַיָּ֙מָל֙way·yā·māl — to circumcise; to cut off; to destroyH4135 — Full Word Study → the sonsבְּנֵ֣יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → atאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Gibeath-haaralothגִּבְעַ֖תgiḇ·‘aṯ — hill, elevated terrainH1389 — Full Word Study →. 4Now thisוְזֶ֥הwə·zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → is whyהַדָּבָ֖רhad·dā·ḇār — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study → Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → circumcised themמָ֣לmāl — to circumcise; to cut off; to destroyH4135 — Full Word Study →: Allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → thoseהָעָ֣םhā·‘ām — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → who came outהַיֹּצֵא֩hay·yō·ṣê — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִמִּצְרַ֨יִםmim·miṣ·ra·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study →allכֹּ֣ל׀kōl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the menאַנְשֵׁ֣י’an·šê — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → of warהַמִּלְחָמָ֗הham·mil·ḥā·māh — Battle, warfare, combat, military conflictH4421 — Full Word Study →had diedמֵ֤תוּmê·ṯū — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → on the journeyבַּדֶּ֔רֶךְbad·de·reḵ — way, path, journey, conductH1870 — Full Word Study → in the wildernessבַמִּדְבָּר֙ḇam·miḏ·bār — Desert; wilderness; pasture; speechH4057 — Full Word Study → after they had leftבְּצֵאתָ֖םbə·ṣê·ṯām — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → Egyptמִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃mim·miṣ·rā·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study →. 5Thoughכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → who had come outהַיֹּֽצְאִ֑יםhay·yō·ṣə·’îm — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → wereהָי֔וּhā·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → circumcisedמֻלִ֣יםmu·lîm — to circumcise; to cut off; to destroyH4135 — Full Word Study →, noneוְכָל־wə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → of thoseהָ֠עָםhā·‘ām — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → bornהַיִּלֹּדִ֨יםhay·yil·lō·ḏîm — to be born, to bring forthH3209 — Full Word Study → in the wildernessבַּמִּדְבָּ֥רbam·miḏ·bār — Desert; wilderness; pasture; speechH4057 — Full Word Study → on the journeyבַּדֶּ֛רֶךְbad·de·reḵ — way, path, journey, conductH1870 — Full Word Study → from Egyptמִמִּצְרַ֖יִםmim·miṣ·ra·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study → had been circumcisedמָֽלוּ׃mā·lū — to circumcise; to cut off; to destroyH4135 — Full Word Study →. 6Forכִּ֣י׀kî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → the Israelitesבְנֵֽי־ḇə·nê- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → had wanderedהָלְכ֣וּhā·lə·ḵū — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → in the wildernessבַּמִּדְבָּר֒bam·miḏ·bār — Desert; wilderness; pasture; speechH4057 — Full Word Study → fortyאַרְבָּעִ֣ים’ar·bā·‘îm — the number forty; a period of testing or judgmentH705 — Full Word Study → yearsשָׁנָ֗הšā·nāh — Year; period of time or ageH8141 — Full Word Study →, untilעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the nation’sהַגּ֜וֹיhag·gō·w — Nation; a people or ethnic groupH1471 — Full Word Study → menאַנְשֵׁ֤י’an·šê — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → of warהַמִּלְחָמָה֙ham·mil·ḥā·māh — Battle, warfare, combat, military conflictH4421 — Full Word Study → who had come outהַיֹּצְאִ֣יםhay·yō·ṣə·’îm — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִמִּצְרַ֔יִםmim·miṣ·ra·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study → had diedתֹּ֨םtōm — to finish, complete, bring to an endH8552 — Full Word Study →, sinceאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → they did notלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → obeyשָׁמְע֖וּšā·mə·‘ū — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֑הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →. Soאֲשֶׁ֨ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → vowedנִשְׁבַּ֤עniš·ba‘ — To swear an oath; to bind oneself by solemn promiseH7650 — Full Word Study → neverלְבִלְתִּ֞יlə·ḇil·tî — without, except, lest, or nothing butH1115 — Full Word Study → to let them seeהַרְאוֹתָ֣םhar·’ō·w·ṯām — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the landהָאָ֗רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → Heיְהוָ֤הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → had swornנִשְׁבַּ֨עniš·ba‘ — To swear an oath; to bind oneself by solemn promiseH7650 — Full Word Study → to their fathersלַֽאֲבוֹתָם֙la·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯām — H1 — Full Word Study → to giveלָ֣תֶתlā·ṯeṯ — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → us, a landאֶ֛רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → flowingזָבַ֥תzā·ḇaṯ — to flow, gush out, or dischargeH2100 — Full Word Study → with milkחָלָ֖בḥā·lāḇ — milk; richness, abundanceH2461 — Full Word Study → and honeyוּדְבָֽשׁ׃ū·ḏə·ḇāš — honey; sweetnessH1706 — Full Word Study →. 7Andוְאֶת־wə·’eṯ- — direct object marker; signs accusative caseH853 — Full Word Study → Joshua raised up their sonsבְּנֵיהֶם֙bə·nê·hem — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → in their placeתַּחְתָּ֔םtaḥ·tām — Under, beneath, instead of, in place ofH8478 — Full Word Study →, and these were the onesאֹתָ֖ם’ō·ṯām — direct object marker; signs accusative caseH853 — Full Word Study → he circumcisedמָ֣לmāl — to circumcise; to cut off; to destroyH4135 — Full Word Study →. Until this time they were still uncircumcisedעֲרֵלִ֣ים‘ă·rê·lîm — Uncircumcised; ritually unclean or spiritually unpreparedH6189 — Full Word Study →, sinceכִּי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → they had notלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → been circumcisedמָ֥לוּmā·lū — to circumcise; to cut off; to destroyH4135 — Full Word Study → along the wayבַּדָּֽרֶךְ׃bad·dā·reḵ — way, path, journey, conductH1870 — Full Word Study →. 8Andוַיְהִ֛יway·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → afterכַּאֲשֶׁר־ka·’ă·šer- — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → allכָל־ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the nationהַגּ֖וֹיhag·gō·w — Nation; a people or ethnic groupH1471 — Full Word Study → had been circumcisedלְהִמּ֑וֹלlə·him·mō·wl — to circumcise; to cut off; to destroyH4135 — Full Word Study →, they stayedוַיֵּשְׁב֥וּway·yê·šə·ḇū — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → thereתַחְתָּ֛םṯaḥ·tām — Under, beneath, instead of, in place ofH8478 — Full Word Study → in the campבַּֽמַּחֲנֶ֖הbam·ma·ḥă·neh — Military encampment; organized settlement or gatheringH4264 — Full Word Study → untilעַ֥ד‘aḏ — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → they were healedחֲיוֹתָֽם׃פḥă·yō·w·ṯām — To live, to preserve alive, to give lifeH2421 — Full Word Study →. 9Then the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study →, “Todayהַיּ֗וֹםhay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → I have rolled awayגַּלּ֛וֹתִיgal·lō·w·ṯî — to roll, turn over, or commitH1556 — Full Word Study → the reproachחֶרְפַּ֥תḥer·paṯ — Reproach, shame, insultH2781 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִצְרַ֖יִםmiṣ·ra·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study → from youמֵעֲלֵיכֶ֑םmê·‘ă·lê·ḵem — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →.” So thatהַהוּא֙ha·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → placeהַמָּק֤וֹםham·mā·qō·wm — A place, location, or spaceH4725 — Full Word Study → has been calledוַיִּקְרָ֞אway·yiq·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → Gilgalגִּלְגָּ֔לgil·gāl — Circle or rollingH1537 — Full Word Study → toעַ֖ד‘aḏ — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → thisהַזֶּֽה׃haz·zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → dayהַיּ֥וֹםhay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →. 10On the eveningבָּעֶ֖רֶבbā·‘e·reḇ — Evening, the time of day when sun setsH6153 — Full Word Study → of the fourteenthבְּאַרְבָּעָה֩bə·’ar·bā·‘āh — The number four; a group of fourH702 — Full Word Study → dayי֥וֹםyō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of the monthלַחֹ֛דֶשׁla·ḥō·ḏeš — A month; lunar period; new moonH2320 — Full Word Study →, while the Israelitesבְנֵֽי־ḇə·nê- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → were campedוַיַּחֲנ֥וּway·ya·ḥă·nū — to pitch a tent; to camp; to dwellH2583 — Full Word Study → at Gilgalבַּגִּלְגָּ֑לbag·gil·gāl — Circle or rollingH1537 — Full Word Study → on the plainsבְּעַֽרְב֥וֹתbə·‘ar·ḇō·wṯ — The Rift ValleyH6160 — Full Word Study → of Jerichoיְרִיחֽוֹ׃yə·rî·ḥōw — City of palmsH3405 — Full Word Study →, they keptוַיַּעֲשׂ֣וּway·ya·‘ă·śū — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → the Passoverהַפֶּ֡סַחhap·pe·saḥ — PassoverH6453 — Full Word Study →. 11The day afterמִמָּֽחֳרַ֥תmim·mā·ḥo·raṯ — The next day, morrow, following dayH4283 — Full Word Study → the Passoverהַפֶּ֖סַחhap·pe·saḥ — PassoverH6453 — Full Word Study →, on that veryבְּעֶ֖צֶםbə·‘e·ṣem — bone; body; substance; strengthH6106 — Full Word Study → dayהַיּ֥וֹםhay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →, they ateוַיֹּ֨אכְל֜וּway·yō·ḵə·lū — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → unleavened breadמַצּ֣וֹתmaṣ·ṣō·wṯ — Unleavened bread; bread made without yeastH4682 — Full Word Study → and roasted grainוְקָל֑וּיwə·qā·lui — to roast, parch, or scorchH7033 — Full Word Study → from the produceמֵעֲב֥וּרmê·‘ă·ḇūr — Produce or harvest; grain stored from previous yearsH5669 — Full Word Study → of the landהָאָ֛רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →. 12And the dayמִֽמָּחֳרָ֗תmim·mā·ḥo·rāṯ — The next day, morrow, following dayH4283 — Full Word Study → after they had eatenבְּאָכְלָם֙bə·’ā·ḵə·lām — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → from the produceמֵעֲב֣וּרmê·‘ă·ḇūr — Produce or harvest; grain stored from previous yearsH5669 — Full Word Study → of the landהָאָ֔רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →, the mannaהַמָּ֜ןham·mān — Manna, heavenly breadH4478 — Full Word Study → ceasedוַיִּשְׁבֹּ֨תway·yiš·bōṯ — to cease, rest, or desist from laborH7673 — Full Word Study →. There wasהָ֥יָהhā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → noוְלֹא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → moreע֛וֹד‘ō·wḏ — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study → mannaמָ֑ןmān — Manna, heavenly breadH4478 — Full Word Study → for the Israelitesלִבְנֵ֥יliḇ·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, so thatהַהִֽיא׃סha·hî — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → yearבַּשָּׁנָ֖הbaš·šā·nāh — Year; period of time or ageH8141 — Full Word Study → they began to eatוַיֹּאכְל֗וּway·yō·ḵə·lū — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → the cropsמִתְּבוּאַת֙mit·tə·ḇū·’aṯ — Produce, yield, or harvestH8393 — Full Word Study → of the landאֶ֣רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Canaanכְּנַ֔עַןkə·na·‘an — Canaan; the promised land; merchant activityH3667 — Full Word Study →. 13Now when Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁעַ֮yə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → wasוַיְהִ֗יway·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → near Jerichoבִּירִיחוֹ֒bî·rî·ḥōw — City of palmsH3405 — Full Word Study →, he looked upוַיִּשָּׂ֤אway·yiś·śā — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study → and sawוַיַּ֔רְאway·yar — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → a manאִישׁ֙’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → standingעֹמֵ֣ד‘ō·mêḏ — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study → in front of himלְנֶגְדּ֔וֹlə·neḡ·dōw — before, in front of, in the presence ofH5048 — Full Word Study → with a drawnשְׁלוּפָ֖הšə·lū·p̄āh — to draw out, pull, or extractH8025 — Full Word Study → swordוְחַרְבּ֥וֹwə·ḥar·bōw — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study → in His handבְּיָד֑וֹbə·yā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study →. Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֤עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → approachedוַיֵּ֨לֶךְway·yê·leḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → Himאֵלָיו֙’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → and askedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Are Youאַתָּ֖ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → forאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → us or for our enemiesלְצָרֵֽינוּ׃lə·ṣā·rê·nū — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study →?” 14Neitherלֹ֗אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study →,” He repliedוַיֹּ֣אמֶר׀way·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “Iאֲנִ֥י’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → have nowעַתָּ֣ה‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study → comeבָ֑אתִיḇā·ṯî — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → as Commanderשַׂר־śar- — Ruler, leader, or one in authorityH8269 — Full Word Study → of the LORD’sיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → armyצְבָֽא־ṣə·ḇā- — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study →.” Then Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → fellוַיִּפֹּל֩way·yip·pōl — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → facedownאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → in reverenceוַיִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּway·yiš·tā·ḥū — To bow down; to worship or show reverenceH7812 — Full Word Study → and askedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → Him, “Whatמָ֥הmāh — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → does my Lordאֲדֹנִ֖י’ă·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study → have to sayמְדַבֵּ֥רmə·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → His servantעַבְדּֽוֹ׃‘aḇ·dōw — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →?” 15The Commanderשַׂר־śar- — Ruler, leader, or one in authorityH8269 — Full Word Study → of the LORD’sיְהוָ֜הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → armyצְבָ֨אṣə·ḇā — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study → repliedוַיֹּאמֶר֩way·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Take offשַׁל־šal- — to slip off, cast off, remove, or escapeH5394 — Full Word Study → your sandalsנַֽעַלְךָ֙na·‘al·ḵā — Sandal or shoe; footwearH5275 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → the placeהַמָּק֗וֹםham·mā·qō·wm — A place, location, or spaceH4725 — Full Word Study → whereאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → youאַתָּ֛ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → are standingעֹמֵ֥ד‘ō·mêḏ — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study → is holyקֹ֣דֶשׁqō·ḏeš — Holiness, sacred, consecrated, set apartH6944 — Full Word Study →.” And Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַyə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → didוַיַּ֥עַשׂway·ya·‘aś — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → soכֵּֽן׃kên — so, thus, rightly, thereforeH3651 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Joshua 5
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Joshua chapter 5 marks a critical transition in Israel's journey. Having crossed the Jordan River miraculously, the people now face three essential preparations before the conquest of Canaan begins: spiritual renewal through circumcision, remembrance through the Passover celebration, and divine commissioning through a encounter with the Commander of the Lord's army. This chapter emphasizes that God's people must be spiritually clean, obedient to covenant requirements, and confident in His presence before advancing in His purposes.

Verses 1–3: The Fear of the Enemy and the Circumcision Command

The chapter opens with a striking picture of enemy demoralization. When the Canaanite kings heard that the LORD had dried up the Jordan for Israel's crossing, their hearts literally melted—they lost all courage and fighting spirit. This supernatural sign had accomplished what no military campaign could have: it broke the enemies' will to resist. Yet immediately, rather than advancing to battle, Joshua receives an unexpected command: to circumcise all the males of Israel using flint knives. Circumcision was the sign of God's covenant with Abraham (Genesis 17:10–11), marking the people as belonging to the LORD. The fact that this covenant renewal comes before military conquest teaches us that spiritual identity and obedience precede earthly victory. God's people must be ceremonially and covenantally clean before they can fully possess their inheritance.

Verses 4–8: The Reason for Circumcision

Joshua now explains why circumcision was necessary. All the men who came out of Egypt and were of fighting age had already died in the wilderness—a tragic consequence of Israel's unbelief and disobedience (Numbers 14:26–35). The new generation, born during the forty-year wilderness wandering, had never been circumcised because the nation was under judgment and wandering. Now that judgment has ended, and a new, obedient generation stands ready to enter the Land, the covenant sign must be restored. This was not a punishment but a renewal of the covenant relationship. The people remained in camp during their recovery (verse 8), vulnerable but trusting God for protection. This teaches a profound lesson: sometimes God asks us to be vulnerable and dependent on Him before granting us strength and victory.

Verses 9–12: The Passover and the End of Manna

With circumcision complete, God declares that He has rolled away the reproach of Egypt from Israel (verse 9). The place is named Gilgal (meaning "rolling"), commemorating this spiritual cleansing. The people then observe the Passover—the festival celebrating their deliverance from Egypt—now in the Promised Land itself. This is profoundly symbolic: they have finally arrived at the destination toward which every Passover pointed. Immediately after eating the produce of Canaan, the manna ceased (verse 12). For forty years, God had miraculously provided bread from heaven; now His people would live on the fruit of the land He had given them. This marks a turning point: from dependence on daily divine provision in the wilderness to stewardship of the land itself.

Verses 13–15: The Captain of the Lord's Host

As Joshua surveys Jericho, he encounters a man with a drawn sword—the Captain of the host of the LORD. This is widely understood by evangelical interpreters as a pre-incarnate appearance of Christ, the divine warrior leading God's armies. Joshua's response is worship and submission. The Captain commands Joshua to remove his sandals, declaring the ground holy. This echoes Moses' experience at the burning bush (Exodus 3:5). The message is clear: Joshua must approach the coming conquest with reverence, recognizing that ultimate victory belongs to the LORD, not to human military strength.

Application for Today

Before pursuing God's calling in our lives, we must first be spiritually renewed and covenant-committed. Like Israel at Gilgal, we need times of spiritual cleansing, remembrance of God's faithfulness, and recognition of Christ's lordship. Victory in God's kingdom comes not through our strength alone, but through humble submission to His purposes and His presence.

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