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1 Kings 21

BSB·29 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Some time later, Nabothלְנָב֥וֹתlə·nā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → the Jezreeliteהַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֖יhay·yiz·rə·‘ê·lî — God scatters/sowsH3158 — Full Word Study → happened to own a vineyardכֶּ֧רֶםke·rem — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → in Jezreelבְּיִזְרְעֶ֑אלbə·yiz·rə·‘el — God scatters or God sowsH3157 — Full Word Study → next toאֵ֚צֶל’ê·ṣel — beside, near, close byH681 — Full Word Study → the palaceהֵיכַ֣לhê·ḵal — Temple, palace, sanctuary structureH1964 — Full Word Study → of Ahabאַחְאָ֔ב’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → kingמֶ֖לֶךְme·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → of Samariaשֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃šō·mə·rō·wn — Northern kingdom's capitalH8111 — Full Word Study →. 2So Ahabאַחְאָ֣ב’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → saidוַיְדַבֵּ֣רway·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Nabothנָב֣וֹת׀nā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study →, “Giveתְּנָה־tə·nāh- — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → me your vineyardכַּרְמְךָ֜kar·mə·ḵā — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → to useוִֽיהִי־wî·hî- — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → as a vegetableיָרָ֗קyā·rāq — Green vegetation, herbs, plantsH3419 — Full Word Study → gardenלְגַן־lə·ḡan- — Garden, cultivated plot of landH1588 — Full Word Study →, sinceכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → itה֤וּאhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → is next toקָרוֹב֙qā·rō·wḇ — Near; close in space, time, or relationshipH7138 — Full Word Study → my palaceבֵּיתִ֔יbê·ṯî — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study →. I will giveוְאֶתְּנָ֤הwə·’et·tə·nāh — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → you a betterט֣וֹבṭō·wḇ — good, beneficial, pleasing, wellH2896 — Full Word Study → vineyardכֶּ֖רֶםke·rem — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → in its placeתַּחְתָּ֔יוtaḥ·tāw — Under, beneath, instead of, in place ofH8478 — Full Word Study →or ifאִ֚ם’im — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → you preferט֣וֹבṭō·wḇ — good, beneficial, pleasing, wellH2896 — Full Word Study →, I will giveאֶתְּנָה־’et·tə·nāh- — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → you itsזֶֽה׃zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → valueמְחִ֥ירmə·ḥîr — Price, cost, or value exchanged in commerceH4242 — Full Word Study → in silverכֶ֖סֶףḵe·sep̄ — Silver; money; price; valueH3701 — Full Word Study →.” 3But Nabothנָב֖וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → repliedוַיֹּ֥אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “The LORDמֵֽיהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → forbidחָלִ֤ילָהḥā·lî·lāh — Far be it; God forbidH2486 — Full Word Study → that I should giveמִתִּתִּ֛יmit·tit·tî — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → you the inheritanceנַחֲלַ֥תna·ḥă·laṯ — Inheritance; received possession or propertyH5159 — Full Word Study → of my fathersאֲבֹתַ֖י’ă·ḇō·ṯay — H1 — Full Word Study →.” 4So Ahabאַחְאָ֨ב’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → wentוַיָּבֹא֩way·yā·ḇō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → his palaceבֵּית֜וֹbê·ṯōw — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study →, sullenסַ֣רsar — stubborn, obstinate, stiff-neckedH5620 — Full Word Study → and angryוְזָעֵ֗ףwə·zā·‘êp̄ — to be displeased, vexed, or angryH2198 — Full Word Study → becauseעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → Nabothנָבוֹת֙nā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → the Jezreeliteהַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֔יhay·yiz·rə·‘ê·lî — God scatters/sowsH3158 — Full Word Study → had told himדִּבֶּ֣רdib·ber — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study →, “I will notלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → giveאֶתֵּ֥ן’et·tên — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → you the inheritanceנַחֲלַ֣תna·ḥă·laṯ — Inheritance; received possession or propertyH5159 — Full Word Study → of my fathersאֲבוֹתָ֑י’ă·ḇō·w·ṯāy — H1 — Full Word Study →.” He lay downוַיִּשְׁכַּב֙way·yiš·kaḇ — to lie down, recline, sleepH7901 — Full Word Study → onעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → his bedמִטָּת֔וֹmiṭ·ṭā·ṯōw — bed; sleeping place; bierH4296 — Full Word Study →, turned his faceפָּנָ֖יוpā·nāw — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → awayוַיַּסֵּ֥בway·yas·sêḇ — to turn, surround, go aroundH5437 — Full Word Study →, and refusedוְלֹֽא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → to eatאָ֥כַל’ā·ḵal — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study →. 5Soon his wifeאִשְׁתּ֑וֹ’iš·tōw — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study → Jezebelאִיזֶ֣בֶל’î·ze·ḇel — Jezebel, wife of AhabH348 — Full Word Study → came inוַתָּבֹ֥אwat·tā·ḇō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → and askedוַתְּדַבֵּ֣רwat·tə·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study →, “Whyמַה־mah- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → are youרוּחֲךָ֣rū·ḥă·ḵā — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → soזֶּה֙zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → sullenסָרָ֔הsā·rāh — stubborn, obstinate, stiff-neckedH5620 — Full Word Study → that you refuseוְאֵינְךָ֖wə·’ê·nə·ḵā — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → to eatאֹכֵ֥ל’ō·ḵêl — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study →?” 6Ahab answeredוַיְדַבֵּ֣רway·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study →, “Becauseכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I spokeאֲ֠דַבֵּר’ă·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Nabothנָב֨וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → the Jezreeliteהַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֜יhay·yiz·rə·‘ê·lî — God scatters/sowsH3158 — Full Word Study → and toldוָאֹ֣מַרwā·’ō·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → him, ‘Giveתְּנָה־tə·nāh- — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → me your vineyardכַּרְמְךָ֙kar·mə·ḵā — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → for silverבְּכֶ֔סֶףbə·ḵe·sep̄ — Silver; money; price; valueH3701 — Full Word Study →, orא֚וֹ’ōw — or, whether; also expressing desire or preferenceH176 — Full Word Study → ifאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → youאַתָּ֔ה’at·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → wishחָפֵ֣ץḥā·p̄êṣ — to delight in; to desire; to be pleased withH2655 — Full Word Study →, I will giveאֶתְּנָה־’et·tə·nāh- — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → you another vineyard in its placeתַּחְתָּ֑יוtaḥ·tāw — Under, beneath, instead of, in place ofH8478 — Full Word Study →.’ And he repliedוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘I will notלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → giveאֶתֵּ֥ן’et·tên — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → you my vineyardכַּרְמִֽי׃kar·mî — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study →!’” 7But his wifeאִשְׁתּ֔וֹ’iš·tōw — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study → Jezebelאִיזֶ֣בֶל’î·ze·ḇel — Jezebel, wife of AhabH348 — Full Word Study → saidוַתֹּ֤אמֶרwat·tō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to himאֵלָיו֙’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, “Do you notעַתָּ֛ה‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study → reignמְלוּכָ֖הmə·lū·ḵāh — Kingship, royal authority, sovereigntyH4410 — Full Word Study → overעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →? Get upק֤וּםqūm — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study →, eatאֱכָל־’ĕ·ḵāl- — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → some foodלֶ֙חֶם֙le·ḥem — Bread; food; sustenanceH3899 — Full Word Study →, and be cheerfulוְיִטַ֣בwə·yi·ṭaḇ — to be good, to improve, to do wellH3190 — Full Word Study →, for Iאֲנִי֙’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → will getאֶתֵּ֣ן’et·tên — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → you the vineyardכֶּ֖רֶםke·rem — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → of Nabothנָב֥וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → the Jezreeliteהַיִּזְרְעֵאלִֽי׃hay·yiz·rə·‘ê·lî — God scatters/sowsH3158 — Full Word Study →.” 8Then Jezebel wrote lettersסְפָרִים֙sə·p̄ā·rîm — A written document, scroll, or bookH5612 — Full Word Study → in Ahab’sאַחְאָ֔ב’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → nameבְּשֵׁ֣םbə·šêm — Name; reputation; renownH8034 — Full Word Study →, sealed themבְּחֹתָמ֑וֹbə·ḥō·ṯā·mōw — signet ring or sealH2368 — Full Word Study → with his sealוַתַּחְתֹּ֖םwat·taḥ·tōm — to seal, close, or mark with a sealH2856 — Full Word Study →, and sentוַתִּשְׁלַ֣חwat·tiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → them toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the eldersהַזְקֵנִ֤יםhaz·qē·nīm — An old person; an elder with authority and wisdomH2205 — Full Word Study → and noblesהַֽחֹרִים֙ha·ḥō·rîm — A person of noble birth or rank; a freeman or dignitaryH2715 — Full Word Study → whoאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → livedהַיֹּשְׁבִ֖יםhay·yō·šə·ḇîm — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → withאֶת־’eṯ- — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study → Nabothנָבֽוֹת׃nā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → in his cityבְּעִיר֔וֹbə·‘î·rōw — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study →. 9In the lettersבַּסְּפָרִ֖יםbas·sə·p̄ā·rîm — A written document, scroll, or bookH5612 — Full Word Study → she wroteוַתִּכְתֹּ֥בwat·tiḵ·tōḇ — to write, inscribe, or record in written formH3789 — Full Word Study →: “Proclaimקִֽרְאוּ־qir·’ū- — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → a fastצ֔וֹםṣō·wm — Fasting; abstaining from foodH6685 — Full Word Study → and giveוְהוֹשִׁ֥יבוּwə·hō·wō·šî·ḇū — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → Nabothנָב֖וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → a seat of honorבְּרֹ֥אשׁbə·rōš — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study → among the peopleהָעָֽם׃hā·‘ām — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study →. 10But seatוְ֠הוֹשִׁיבוּwə·hō·wō·šî·ḇū — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → twoשְׁנַ֨יִםšə·na·yim — The number two; a pair or coupleH8147 — Full Word Study → scoundrelsבְלִיַּעַל֮ḇə·lî·ya·‘al — Worthlessness, WickednessH1100 — Full Word Study → opposite himנֶגְדּוֹ֒neḡ·dōw — before, in front of, in the presence ofH5048 — Full Word Study → and have them testifyוִיעִדֻ֣הוּwî·‘i·ḏu·hū — to testify, witness, or solemnly affirmH5749 — Full Word Study →, ‘You have cursedבֵּרַ֥כְתָּbê·raḵ·tā — to bless, kneel, praiseH1288 — Full Word Study → both God and the kingוָמֶ֑לֶךְwā·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study →!’ Then take him outוְהוֹצִיאֻ֥הוּwə·hō·w·ṣî·’u·hū — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → and stone himוְסִקְלֻ֖הוּwə·siq·lu·hū — to stone; to throw stonesH5619 — Full Word Study → to deathוְיָמֹֽת׃wə·yā·mōṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →.” 11So the eldersהַזְּקֵנִ֣יםhaz·zə·qê·nîm — An old person; an elder with authority and wisdomH2205 — Full Word Study → and noblesוְהַחֹרִ֗יםwə·ha·ḥō·rîm — A person of noble birth or rank; a freeman or dignitaryH2715 — Full Word Study → whoאֲשֶׁ֤ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → livedהַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙hay·yō·šə·ḇîm — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → in Naboth’s city didוַיַּעֲשׂוּ֩way·ya·‘ă·śū — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → asכַּאֲשֶׁ֛רka·’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → Jezebelאִיזָ֑בֶל’î·zā·ḇel — Jezebel, wife of AhabH348 — Full Word Study → had instructedשָׁלְחָ֥הšā·lə·ḥāh — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → in the lettersבַּסְּפָרִ֔יםbas·sə·p̄ā·rîm — A written document, scroll, or bookH5612 — Full Word Study → she had writtenשָׁלְחָ֖הšā·lə·ḥāh — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → to themאֲלֵיהֶֽם׃’ă·lê·hem — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →. 12They proclaimedקָרְא֖וּqā·rə·’ū — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → a fastצ֑וֹםṣō·wm — Fasting; abstaining from foodH6685 — Full Word Study → and gaveוְהֹשִׁ֥יבוּwə·hō·šî·ḇū — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → Nabothנָב֖וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → a seat of honorבְּרֹ֥אשׁbə·rōš — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study → among the peopleהָעָֽם׃hā·‘ām — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study →. 13And the twoשְׁנֵ֨יšə·nê — The number two; a pair or coupleH8147 — Full Word Study → scoundrelsבְלִיַּעַל֮ḇə·lî·ya·‘al — Worthlessness, WickednessH1100 — Full Word Study → came inוַ֠יָּבֹאוּway·yā·ḇō·’ū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → and satוַיֵּשְׁב֣וּway·yê·šə·ḇū — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → opposite Naboth, and these men testifiedוַיְעִדֻהוּ֩way·‘i·ḏu·hū — to testify, witness, or solemnly affirmH5749 — Full Word Study → against him beforeנֶ֤גֶדne·ḡeḏ — before, in front of, in the presence ofH5048 — Full Word Study → the peopleהָעָם֙hā·‘ām — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study →, sayingלֵאמֹ֔רlê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Nabothנָב֛וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → has cursedבֵּרַ֥ךְbê·raḵ — to bless, kneel, praiseH1288 — Full Word Study → both God and the kingוָמֶ֑לֶךְwā·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study →!” So they took himוַיֹּצִאֻ֙הוּ֙way·yō·ṣi·’u·hū — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → outsideמִח֣וּץmi·ḥūṣ — Outside, exterior, or open space beyond a boundaryH2351 — Full Word Study → the cityלָעִ֔ירlā·‘îr — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → and stoned himוַיִּסְקְלֻ֥הוּway·yis·qə·lu·hū — to stone; to throw stonesH5619 — Full Word Study → to deathוַיָּמֹֽת׃way·yā·mōṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →. 14Then they sentוַֽיִּשְׁלְח֖וּway·yiš·lə·ḥū — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → word toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Jezebelאִיזֶ֣בֶל’î·ze·ḇel — Jezebel, wife of AhabH348 — Full Word Study →: “Nabothנָב֖וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → has been stonedסֻקַּ֥לsuq·qal — to stone; to throw stonesH5619 — Full Word Study → to deathוַיָּמֹֽת׃way·yā·mōṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →.” 15When Jezebelאִיזֶ֔בֶל’î·ze·ḇel — Jezebel, wife of AhabH348 — Full Word Study → heardכִּשְׁמֹ֣עַkiš·mō·a‘ — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → thatכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Nabothנָב֖וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → had been stonedסֻקַּ֥לsuq·qal — to stone; to throw stonesH5619 — Full Word Study → to deathוַיָּמֹ֑תway·yā·mōṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →, she saidוַתֹּ֨אמֶרwat·tō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Ahabאַחְאָ֗ב’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study →, “Get upק֣וּםqūm — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → and take possession ofרֵ֞שׁrêš — to possess, inherit, dispossessH3423 — Full Word Study → the vineyardכֶּ֣רֶם׀ke·rem — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → of Nabothנָב֣וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → the Jezreeliteהַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֗יhay·yiz·rə·‘ê·lî — God scatters/sowsH3158 — Full Word Study →, whoאֲשֶׁ֤ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → refusedמֵאֵן֙mê·’ên — To refuse, reject, or withhold consentH3985 — Full Word Study → to give itלָתֶת־lā·ṯeṯ- — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → to you for silverבְכֶ֔סֶףḇə·ḵe·sep̄ — Silver; money; price; valueH3701 — Full Word Study →. Forכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Nabothנָב֛וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → is no longerאֵ֥ין’ên — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → aliveחַ֖יḥay — alive, living, lifeH2416 — Full Word Study →, butכִּי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → deadמֵֽת׃mêṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →.” 16Andוַיְהִ֛יway·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → when Ahabאַחְאָ֖ב’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → heardכִּשְׁמֹ֥עַkiš·mō·a‘ — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → thatכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Nabothנָב֑וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → was deadמֵ֣תmêṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →, heאַחְאָ֗ב’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → got upוַיָּ֣קָםway·yā·qām — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → and went downאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → to take possessionלְרִשְׁתּֽוֹ׃סlə·riš·tōw — to possess, inherit, dispossessH3423 — Full Word Study → of the vineyardכֶּ֛רֶםke·rem — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → of Nabothנָב֥וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study → the Jezreeliteהַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֖יhay·yiz·rə·‘ê·lî — God scatters/sowsH3158 — Full Word Study →. 17Then the wordדְּבַר־də·ḇar- — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → cameוַיְהִי֙way·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Elijahאֵלִיָּ֥הוּ’ê·lî·yā·hū — My God is YahwehH452 — Full Word Study → the Tishbiteהַתִּשְׁבִּ֖יhat·tiš·bî — Native of TishbeH8664 — Full Word Study →, sayingלֵאמֹֽר׃lê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, 18Get upק֣וּםqūm — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → and go downרֵ֗דrêḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → to meetלִקְרַ֛אתliq·raṯ — to meet, encounter, or come upon (often by chance or unexpectedly)H7122 — Full Word Study → Ahabאַחְאָ֥ב’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → kingמֶֽלֶךְ־me·leḵ- — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →, whoאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → is in Samariaבְּשֹׁמְר֑וֹןbə·šō·mə·rō·wn — Northern kingdom's capitalH8111 — Full Word Study →. See, he is in the vineyardבְּכֶ֣רֶםbə·ḵe·rem — Vineyard; a planted garden of grapevinesH3754 — Full Word Study → of Nabothנָב֔וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study →, of which he has goneיָ֥רַדyā·raḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → to take possession. 19Tellוְדִבַּרְתָּ֨wə·ḏib·bar·tā — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → himאֵלָ֜יו’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → that this is whatכֹּ֚הkōh — thus, so, in this mannerH3541 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saysלֵאמֹ֗רlê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: ‘Have you not murdered a man andוְגַם־wə·ḡam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → seized his landיָרָ֑שְׁתָּyā·rā·šə·tā — to possess, inherit, dispossessH3423 — Full Word Study →?’ Then tell himוְדִבַּרְתָּ֨wə·ḏib·bar·tā — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → that this is also what the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saysאָמַ֣ר’ā·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: ‘In the placeבִּמְק֗וֹםbim·qō·wm — A place, location, or spaceH4725 — Full Word Study → whereאֲשֶׁ֨ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the dogsהַכְּלָבִים֙hak·kə·lā·ḇîm — Dog; unclean animal used as insult or metaphorH3611 — Full Word Study → licked upלָקְק֤וּlā·qə·qū — to lap or lick upH3952 — Full Word Study → the bloodדַּ֣םdam — blood; life force; bloodshed; guiltH1818 — Full Word Study → of Nabothנָב֔וֹתnā·ḇō·wṯ — Fruits, ProduceH5022 — Full Word Study →, there also the dogs will lick upיָלֹ֧קּוּyā·lōq·qū — to lap or lick upH3952 — Full Word Study → your bloodדָּמְךָ֖dā·mə·ḵā — blood; life force; bloodshed; guiltH1818 — Full Word Study →yesגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study →, yoursאָֽתָּה׃’āt·tāh — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study →!’” 20When Elijah arrived, Ahabאַחְאָב֙’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to himאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, “So you have found me outהַֽמְצָאתַ֖נִיham·ṣā·ṯa·nî — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study →, my enemyאֹיְבִ֑י’ō·yə·ḇî — Enemy; adversary; one who opposesH341 — Full Word Study →.” He repliedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “I have found you out becauseיַ֚עַןya·‘an — Because; on account of; for the reason thatH3282 — Full Word Study → you have sold yourselfהִתְמַכֶּרְךָ֔hiṯ·mak·ker·ḵā — to sell; to exchange for paymentH4376 — Full Word Study → to doלַעֲשׂ֥וֹתla·‘ă·śō·wṯ — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → evilהָרַ֖עhā·ra‘ — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → in the sightבְּעֵינֵ֥יbə·‘ê·nê — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →. 21This is what the LORD says: ‘I will bringמֵבִיmē·ḇī — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → calamityרָעָ֔הrā·‘āh — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → on youאֵלֶ֙יךָ֙’ê·le·ḵā — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → and consumeוּבִעַרְתִּ֖יū·ḇi·‘ar·tî — to burn, consume, or act brutishlyH1197 — Full Word Study → your descendantsאַחֲרֶ֑יךָ’a·ḥă·re·ḵā — after, behind, followingH310 — Full Word Study →; I will cut offוְהִכְרַתִּ֤יwə·hiḵ·rat·tî — To cut; to make a covenantH3772 — Full Word Study → from Ahabלְאַחְאָב֙lə·’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → every maleמַשְׁתִּ֣יןmaš·tîn — to urinate; to pass waterH8366 — Full Word Study → in Israelבְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃bə·yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →, both slaveוְעָצ֥וּרwə·‘ā·ṣūr — to restrain, withhold, hold backH6113 — Full Word Study → and freeוְעָז֖וּבwə·‘ā·zūḇ — to abandon, forsake, or leave behindH5800 — Full Word Study →. 22I will makeוְנָתַתִּ֣יwə·nā·ṯat·tî — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → your houseבֵּיתְךָ֗bê·ṯə·ḵā — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → like thatכְּבֵית֙kə·ḇêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → of Jeroboamיָרָבְעָ֣םyā·rā·ḇə·‘ām — The Lord EnlargesH3379 — Full Word Study → sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Nebatנְבָ֔טnə·ḇāṭ — Father of Jeroboam IH5028 — Full Word Study → and like thatוּכְבֵ֖יתū·ḵə·ḇêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → of Baashaבַּעְשָׁ֣אba‘·šā — In his father's possessionH1201 — Full Word Study → sonבֶן־ḇen- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Ahijahאֲחִיָּ֑ה’ă·ḥî·yāh — My Brother Is YahwehH281 — Full Word Study →, becauseאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → you have provokedהִכְעַ֔סְתָּhiḵ·‘as·tā — To provoke to anger; to vex or grieveH3707 — Full Word Study → My angerהַכַּ֙עַס֙hak·ka·‘as — Vexation, provocation, or irritation that stirs angerH3708 — Full Word Study → and caused Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → to sinוַֽתַּחֲטִ֖אwat·ta·ḥă·ṭi — To sin; to miss the mark; to commit wrongdoingH2398 — Full Word Study →.’ 23And the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → alsoוְגַ֨ם־wə·ḡam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → speaksדִּבֶּ֥רdib·ber — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → concerning Jezebelלְאִיזֶ֔בֶלlə·’î·ze·ḇel — Jezebel, wife of AhabH348 — Full Word Study →: ‘The dogsהַכְּלָבִ֛יםhak·kə·lā·ḇîm — Dog; unclean animal used as insult or metaphorH3611 — Full Word Study → will devourיֹאכְל֥וּyō·ḵə·lū — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → Jezebelאִיזֶ֖בֶל’î·ze·ḇel — Jezebel, wife of AhabH348 — Full Word Study → by the wallבְּחֵ֥לbə·ḥêl — strength, army, military force, fortificationH2426 — Full Word Study → of Jezreelיִזְרְעֶֽאל׃yiz·rə·‘el — God scatters or God sowsH3157 — Full Word Study →.’ 24Anyone belonging to Ahabלְאַחְאָב֙lə·’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → who diesהַמֵּ֤תham·mêṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → in the cityבָּעִ֔ירbā·‘îr — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → will be eatenיֹאכְל֖וּyō·ḵə·lū — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → by dogsהַכְּלָבִ֑יםhak·kə·lā·ḇîm — Dog; unclean animal used as insult or metaphorH3611 — Full Word Study →, and anyone who diesוְהַמֵּת֙wə·ham·mêṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → in the fieldבַּשָּׂדֶ֔הbaś·śā·ḏeh — A field; cultivated or open landH7704 — Full Word Study → will be eatenיֹאכְל֖וּyō·ḵə·lū — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → by the birdsע֥וֹף‘ō·wp̄ — birdH5775 — Full Word Study → of the airהַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃haš·šā·mā·yim — The heavens; sky; dwelling place of GodH8064 — Full Word Study →.” 25(Surelyרַ֚קraq — only, merely, nothing butH7535 — Full Word Study → there wasהָיָ֣הhā·yāh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → neverלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → one like Ahabכְאַחְאָ֔בḵə·’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study →, whoאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → sold himselfהִתְמַכֵּ֔רhiṯ·mak·kêr — to sell; to exchange for paymentH4376 — Full Word Study → to doלַעֲשׂ֥וֹתla·‘ă·śō·wṯ — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → evilהָרַ֖עhā·ra‘ — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → in the sightבְּעֵינֵ֣יbə·‘ê·nê — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֑הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study →, incitedהֵסַ֥תָּהhê·sat·tāh — to incite, provoke, or stir upH5496 — Full Word Study → by his wifeאִשְׁתּֽוֹ׃’iš·tōw — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study → Jezebelאִיזֶ֥בֶל’î·ze·ḇel — Jezebel, wife of AhabH348 — Full Word Study →. 26He committed the mostמְאֹ֔דmə·’ōḏ — Much, greatly, very, exceedinglyH3966 — Full Word Study → detestable actsוַיַּתְעֵ֣בway·yaṯ·‘êḇ — to abhor, regard with disgust or loathingH8581 — Full Word Study → by goingלָלֶ֖כֶתlā·le·ḵeṯ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → afterאַחֲרֵ֣י’a·ḥă·rê — after, behind, followingH310 — Full Word Study → idolsהַגִּלֻּלִ֑יםhag·gil·lu·lîm — idol; carved image of a false godH1544 — Full Word Study →, just likeכְּכֹל֙kə·ḵōl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the Amoritesהָאֱמֹרִ֔יhā·’ĕ·mō·rî — Canaanite peoplesH567 — Full Word Study → whomאֲשֶׁר֙’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → had driven outהוֹרִ֣ישׁhō·w·rîš — to possess, inherit, dispossessH3423 — Full Word Study → beforeמִפְּנֵ֖יmip·pə·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → the Israelitesבְּנֵ֥יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →.) 27When Ahabאַחְאָ֜ב’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → heardכִשְׁמֹ֨עַḵiš·mō·a‘ — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → theseהָאֵ֙לֶּה֙hā·’êl·leh — These; those; the onesH428 — Full Word Study → wordsהַדְּבָרִ֤יםhad·də·ḇā·rîm — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study →, he toreוַיִּקְרַ֣עway·yiq·ra‘ — to tear, rend, or split apartH7167 — Full Word Study → his clothesבְּגָדָ֔יוbə·ḡā·ḏāw — Clothing; treachery or deceptionH899 — Full Word Study →, putוַיָּֽשֶׂם־way·yā·śem- — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → on sackclothשַׂ֥קśaq — Coarse cloth worn as a sign of mourning or repentanceH8242 — Full Word Study →, and fastedוַיָּצ֑וֹםway·yā·ṣō·wm — to abstain from food; to fastH6684 — Full Word Study →. He lay downוַיִּשְׁכַּ֣בway·yiš·kaḇ — to lie down, recline, sleepH7901 — Full Word Study → in sackclothבַּשָּׂ֔קbaś·śāq — Coarse cloth worn as a sign of mourning or repentanceH8242 — Full Word Study → and walked aroundוַיְהַלֵּ֖ךְway·hal·lêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → meeklyאַֽט׃ס’aṭ — Whispering charmer; one who speaks softly or secretlyH328 — Full Word Study →. 28Then the wordדְּבַר־də·ḇar- — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → cameוַֽיְהִי֙way·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Elijahאֵלִיָּ֥הוּ’ê·lî·yā·hū — My God is YahwehH452 — Full Word Study → the Tishbiteהַתִּשְׁבִּ֖יhat·tiš·bî — Native of TishbeH8664 — Full Word Study →, sayingלֵאמֹֽר׃lê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: 29Have you seenהֲ‍ֽרָאִ֔יתָhărā·’î·ṯā — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → howכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Ahabאַחְאָ֖ב’aḥ·’āḇ — Father's brotherH256 — Full Word Study → has humbled himselfנִכְנַ֥עniḵ·na‘ — To subdue, humble, or bring into subjectionH3665 — Full Word Study → before Meמִלְּפָנָ֑יmil·lə·p̄ā·nāy — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →? Becauseיַ֜עַןya·‘an — Because; on account of; for the reason thatH3282 — Full Word Study → he has humbled himselfנִכְנַ֣עniḵ·na‘ — To subdue, humble, or bring into subjectionH3665 — Full Word Study → before Meמִפָּנַ֗יmip·pā·nay — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →, I will notלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → bringאָבִיʾå̄·ḇī — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → the calamityהָֽרָעָה֙hā·rā·‘āh — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → during his daysבְּיָמָ֔יוbə·yā·māw — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →, but I will bringאָבִ֥יא’ā·ḇî — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → it uponעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → his houseבֵּיתֽוֹ׃bê·ṯōw — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study → in the daysבִּימֵ֣יbî·mê — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of his sonבְנ֔וֹḇə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →.”
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Chapter Commentary — 1 Kings 21
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

1 Kings 21 presents one of Scripture's darkest portraits of sin's progression—from coveting to conspiracy to murder. King Ahab desires his neighbour's vineyard and, when refused, falls into despair. His wife Jezebel then orchestrates a false trial and execution of the innocent Naboth to seize his land. The chapter reveals how unchecked desire, combined with worldly power and lack of fear of God, leads to grievous wickedness. Yet it also demonstrates the certainty of God's justice: the prophet Elijah confronts Ahab with divine judgment, though Ahab's temporary repentance delays the full execution of that judgment to his son's generation.

Verses 1–5: The King's Covetous Desire

Ahab sees Naboth's vineyard adjacent to his palace and desires it for a vegetable garden. Showing outward civility, he offers either a better vineyard or fair payment (vv. 1–2). Naboth's refusal is grounded in the Law of Moses: the land of Israel was distributed by God to families as an inheritance, not commodities to be bought and sold at a king's whim. Naboth's phrase—"The LORD forbid it me"—reveals his reverence for God's law over the king's wishes (v. 3). Ahab's reaction is telling: he becomes sullen, refuses food, and turns his face to the wall (v. 4). This childish despair over a denied want shows a heart enslaved to desire rather than submitted to God's will.

Application: Covetousness—the desire to possess what belongs to another—is a spiritual disease that festers when unchecked. Like Ahab, we must learn to accept "no" gracefully and trust God's provision.

Verses 6–15: The Plot and Murder

Jezebel, Ahab's pagan wife, despises his weakness and promises to obtain the vineyard (v. 7). Her cruelty and manipulation are staggering: she forges documents in Ahab's name, commands the city elders to stage a false trial, and arranges for two "sons of Belial" (utterly wicked men) to perjure themselves, accusing Naboth of blasphemy against God and the king (vv. 8–10). Under Mosaic law, blasphemy was punishable by death, making the false charge cunningly effective. The elders and nobles, either complicit or coerced, obey. Naboth is publicly humiliated, dragged outside the city, and executed by stoning (vv. 11–13). This is judicial murder dressed as justice.

Application: Evil often uses the machinery of law and community to accomplish its purposes. We must never surrender our conscience to authority figures, no matter how powerful. Jezebel represents the seduction of power without God; she believes the king's will is ultimate law. This is the spirit of the world.

Verses 16–24: Elijah's Pronouncement of Judgment

Ahab, now "possessing" the vineyard, does not escape God's notice. Elijah confronts him directly: "Hast thou killed, and also taken possession?" (v. 18). The prophet declares that in the very place where Naboth's blood was licked by dogs, so too shall dogs lick Ahab's blood (v. 19). Ahab has "sold himself to work evil in the sight of the LORD" (v. 20)—his entire reign is dedicated to wickedness. God promises to cut off his descendants and make his house like those of previous evil kings (vv. 21–22). Jezebel, too, will suffer a shameful death, devoured by dogs at the wall of Jezreel (v. 23). Verses 24–26 underscore Ahab's uniqueness in depravity: he was worse than his predecessors because Jezebel actively stirred him to evil and idolatry.

Application: God's judgment is certain and just. No evil act escapes His eye, and consequences, though sometimes delayed, will come.

Verses 27–29: Repentance and Reprieve

Remarkably, upon hearing Elijah's words, Ahab tears his clothes, dons sackcloth, fasts, and walks humbly (v. 27). His external repentance moves God to mercy: the judgment will be deferred to his son's generation (vv. 28–29). This shows that genuine humility before the Lord, even from a wicked heart, brings temporary mercy—though it cannot cancel the ultimate consequences of persistent sin.

Application: God desires repentance and grants mercy to the humble. Yet partial repentance—outward sorrow without transformed character—may delay judgment but does not erase it.

Application for Today

This chapter calls us to guard our hearts against coveting, to defend the innocent and vulnerable, and to remember that God sees all sin. We are also reminded that true power belongs only to God, and that even kings answer to His law. May we, unlike Ahab, order our desires according to God's will and His Word.

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