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1 Chronicles 3

BSB·24 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Theseוְאֵ֤לֶּהwə·’êl·leh — These; those; the onesH428 — Full Word Study → wereהָיוּ֙hā·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → the sonsבְּנֵ֣יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Davidדָויִ֔דḏå̄·w·yiḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study → whoאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → were bornנֽוֹלַד־nō·w·laḏ- — to give birth, beget, or bear a childH3205 — Full Word Study → to him in Hebronבְּחֶבְר֑וֹןbə·ḥeḇ·rō·wn — Hebron, a significant ancient city in JudahH2275 — Full Word Study →: The firstbornהַבְּכ֣וֹר׀hab·bə·ḵō·wr — firstborn son; first offspring; heirH1060 — Full Word Study → was Amnon by Ahinoamלַאֲחִינֹ֙עַם֙la·’ă·ḥî·nō·‘am — My brother is pleasantnessH293 — Full Word Study → of Jezreelהַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֔יתhay·yiz·rə·‘ê·lîṯ — God scatters/sowsH3158 — Full Word Study →; the secondשֵׁנִי֙šê·nî — second; again; another; otherH8145 — Full Word Study → was Daniel by Abigailלַאֲבִיגַ֖יִלla·’ă·ḇî·ḡa·yil — Abigail, a wise and beautiful womanH26 — Full Word Study → of Carmelהַֽכַּרְמְלִֽית׃hak·kar·mə·lîṯ — Inhabitant of CarmelH3761 — Full Word Study →; 2the thirdהַשְּׁלִשִׁי֙haš·šə·li·šî — Third; one of three parts; third in rank or sequenceH7992 — Full Word Study → was Absalom the sonבֶּֽן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Maacahמַעֲכָ֔הma·‘ă·ḵāh — Oppression or pressureH4601 — Full Word Study → daughterבַּת־baṯ- — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study → of Kingמֶ֣לֶךְme·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → Talmaiתַּלְמַ֖יtal·may — Furrowed or riddledH8526 — Full Word Study → of Geshurגְּשׁ֑וּרgə·šūr — a region east of the JordanH1650 — Full Word Study →; the fourthהָרְבִיעִ֖יhā·rə·ḇî·‘î — Fourth, foursquare, fourth partH7243 — Full Word Study → was Adonijah the sonבֶן־ḇen- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Haggithחַגִּֽית׃ḥag·gîṯ — Festive, celebrationH2294 — Full Word Study →; 3the fifthהַחֲמִישִׁ֥יha·ḥă·mî·šî — Fifth, or one-fifth partH2549 — Full Word Study → was Shephatiah by Abitalלַאֲבִיטָ֑לla·’ă·ḇî·ṭāl — Abital, a wife of King DavidH37 — Full Word Study →; and the sixth was Ithream by his wifeאִשְׁתּֽוֹ׃’iš·tōw — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study → Eglahלְעֶגְלָ֥הlə·‘eḡ·lāh — Heifer, young cowH5698 — Full Word Study →. 4These six sons were bornנֽוֹלַד־nō·w·laḏ- — to give birth, beget, or bear a childH3205 — Full Word Study → to David in Hebronבְחֶבְר֔וֹןḇə·ḥeḇ·rō·wn — Hebron, a significant ancient city in JudahH2275 — Full Word Study →, whereשָׁ֔םšām — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study → he reignedוַיִּ֨מְלָךְ־way·yim·lāḵ- — to reign; to rule as kingH4427 — Full Word Study → sevenשֶׁ֥בַעše·ḇa‘ — The number seven; sevenfoldH7651 — Full Word Study → yearsשָׁנִ֖יםšā·nîm — Year; period of time or ageH8141 — Full Word Study → and sixוְשִׁשָּׁ֣הwə·šiš·šāh — The number six; sixth in orderH8337 — Full Word Study → monthsחֳדָשִׁ֑יםḥo·ḏā·šîm — A month; lunar period; new moonH2320 — Full Word Study →. And David reignedמָלַ֖ךְmā·laḵ — to reign; to rule as kingH4427 — Full Word Study → in Jerusalemבִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃סbî·rū·šā·lim — City of peaceH3389 — Full Word Study → thirty-threeוּשְׁלֹשִׁ֤יםū·šə·lō·šîm — thirty; group of thirtyH7970 — Full Word Study → yearsשָׁנָ֔הšā·nāh — Year; period of time or ageH8141 — Full Word Study →, 5and these sons were bornנוּלְּדוּ־nūl·lə·ḏū- — to give birth, beget, or bear a childH3205 — Full Word Study → to him in Jerusalemבִּירוּשָׁלָ֑יִםbî·rū·šā·lā·yim — City of peaceH3389 — Full Word Study →: Shimeaשִׁ֠מְעָאšim·ʿāʾ — The LORD hearsH8092 — Full Word Study →, Shobabוְשׁוֹבָ֞בwə·šō·w·ḇāḇ — Turning back; returningH7727 — Full Word Study →, Nathanוְנָתָ֤ןwə·nā·ṯān — He gaveH5416 — Full Word Study →, and Solomonוּשְׁלֹמֹה֙ū·šə·lō·mōh — His peaceH8010 — Full Word Study →. These four were born to him by Bathshebaשׁ֖וּעַšū·a‘ — Bath-shua, daughter of Ammiel; Bathsheba's alternate nameH1340 — Full Word Study → daughterבַּת־baṯ- — daughter; female child or descendantH1323 — Full Word Study → of Ammielעַמִּיאֵֽל׃‘am·mî·’êl — God's peopleH5988 — Full Word Study →. 6David’s other sons were Ibhar, Elishuaוֶאֱלִישָׁמָ֖עwe·’ĕ·lî·šā·mā‘ — God has heardH476 — Full Word Study →, Elipheletוֶאֱלִיפָֽלֶט׃we·’ĕ·lî·p̄ā·leṭ — God is deliveranceH467 — Full Word Study →, 7Nogahוְנֹ֥גַהּwə·nō·ḡah — Brightness, splendorH5052 — Full Word Study →, Nephegוְנֶ֖פֶגwə·ne·p̄eḡ — Sprout or BudH5298 — Full Word Study →, Japhiaוְיָפִֽיעַ׃wə·yā·p̄î·a‘ — He shines or He illuminatesH3309 — Full Word Study →, 8Elishamaוֶאֱלִישָׁמָ֧עwe·’ĕ·lî·šā·mā‘ — God has heardH476 — Full Word Study →, Eliadaוְאֶלְיָדָ֛עwə·’el·yā·ḏā‘ — God knowsH450 — Full Word Study →, and Elipheletוֶאֱלִיפֶ֖לֶטwe·’ĕ·lî·p̄e·leṭ — God is deliveranceH467 — Full Word Study →—nine in all. 9These were allכֹּ֖לkōl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the sonsבְּנֵ֣יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Davidדָוִ֑ידḏā·wîḏ — BelovedH1732 — Full Word Study →, besidesמִלְּבַ֥דmil·lə·ḇaḏ — alone, apart, or bar/poleH905 — Full Word Study → the sonsבְּֽנֵי־bə·nê- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → by his concubinesפִֽילַגְשִׁ֖יםp̄î·laḡ·šîm — A woman in a secondary or concubine relationship, below the status of a wifeH6370 — Full Word Study →. And Tamarוְתָמָ֥רwə·ṯā·mār — Palm treeH8559 — Full Word Study → was their sister. 10Solomon’sשְׁלֹמֹ֖הšə·lō·mōh — His peaceH8010 — Full Word Study → sonוּבֶן־ū·ḇen- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → was Rehoboamרְחַבְעָ֑םrə·ḥaḇ·‘ām — He Enlarges the PeopleH7346 — Full Word Study →: 11Abijah was his son, Asa his son, Jehoshaphat his son, Joramיוֹרָ֥םyō·w·rām — Yahweh is exaltedH3141 — Full Word Study → his sonבְּנ֛וֹbə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, Ahaziahאֲחַזְיָ֥הוּ’ă·ḥaz·yā·hū — Yahweh holds/graspsH274 — Full Word Study → his sonבְנ֖וֹḇə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, Joashיוֹאָ֥שׁyō·w·’āš — Yahweh Has GivenH3101 — Full Word Study → his sonבְּנֽוֹ׃bə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, 12Amaziahאֲמַצְיָ֧הוּ’ă·maṣ·yā·hū — Yah StrengthensH558 — Full Word Study → his sonבְנ֛וֹḇə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, Azariahעֲזַרְיָ֥ה‘ă·zar·yāh — The Lord helpsH5838 — Full Word Study → his sonבְנ֖וֹḇə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, Jothamיוֹתָ֥םyō·w·ṯām — Yahweh is perfectH3147 — Full Word Study → his sonבְּנֽוֹ׃bə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, 13Ahazאָחָ֥ז’ā·ḥāz — He has graspedH271 — Full Word Study → his sonבְּנ֛וֹbə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, Hezekiahחִזְקִיָּ֥הוּḥiz·qî·yā·hū — The LORD strengthensH2396 — Full Word Study → his sonבְנ֖וֹḇə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, Manassehמְנַשֶּׁ֥הmə·naš·šeh — God has made me forgetH4519 — Full Word Study → his sonבְנֽוֹ׃ḇə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, 14Amonאָמ֥וֹן’ā·mō·wn — Egyptian deity; ThebesH526 — Full Word Study → his sonבְּנ֖וֹbə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, and Josiah his sonבְנֽוֹ׃ḇə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →. 15The sonsוּבְנֵי֙ū·ḇə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Josiahיֹאשִׁיָּ֔הוּyō·šî·yā·hū — The Lord supports/savesH2977 — Full Word Study →: Johananיוֹחָנָ֔ןyō·w·ḥā·nān — Yahweh is graciousH3110 — Full Word Study → was the firstbornהַבְּכוֹר֙hab·bə·ḵō·wr — firstborn son; first offspring; heirH1060 — Full Word Study →, Jehoiakimיְהוֹיָקִ֑יםyə·hō·w·yā·qîm — Yahweh establishesH3079 — Full Word Study → the secondהַשֵּׁנִ֖יhaš·šê·nî — second; again; another; otherH8145 — Full Word Study →, Zedekiahצִדְקִיָּ֔הוּṣiḏ·qî·yā·hū — The LORD is my righteousnessH6667 — Full Word Study → the thirdהַשְּׁלִשִׁי֙haš·šə·li·šî — Third; one of three parts; third in rank or sequenceH7992 — Full Word Study →, and Shallumשַׁלּֽוּם׃šal·lūm — Peace, completenessH7967 — Full Word Study → the fourthהָרְבִיעִ֖יhā·rə·ḇî·‘î — Fourth, foursquare, fourth partH7243 — Full Word Study →. 16The successorsוּבְנֵ֖יū·ḇə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Jehoiakimיְהוֹיָקִ֑יםyə·hō·w·yā·qîm — Yahweh establishesH3079 — Full Word Study →: Jeconiahיְכָנְיָ֥הyə·ḵā·nə·yāh — Yahweh establishesH3204 — Full Word Study → his sonבְנ֖וֹḇə·nōw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →, and Zedekiah. 17The descendantsוּבְנֵי֙ū·ḇə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Jeconiahיְכָנְיָ֣הyə·ḵā·nə·yāh — Yahweh establishesH3204 — Full Word Study → the captiveאַסִּ֔ר’as·sir — prisoner, one held in captivityH616 — Full Word Study →: 18Shealtiel his son, Malchiramוּמַלְכִּירָ֥םū·mal·kî·rām — My King is ExaltedH4443 — Full Word Study →, Pedaiahוּפְדָיָ֖הū·p̄ə·ḏā·yāh — God redeemsH6305 — Full Word Study →, Shenazzarוְשֶׁנְאַצַּ֑רwə·šen·’aṣ·ṣar — Shenazzar, a prince of JudahH8137 — Full Word Study →, Jekamiahיְקַמְיָ֥הyə·qam·yāh — Yah establishesH3359 — Full Word Study →, Hoshamaהוֹשָׁמָ֖עhō·wō·šā·mā‘ — Yahweh has heardH1953 — Full Word Study →, and Nedabiahוּנְדַבְיָֽה׃ū·nə·ḏaḇ·yāh — Willingness of the LordH5072 — Full Word Study →. 19The sonsוּבְנֵ֣יū·ḇə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Pedaiahפְדָיָ֔הp̄ə·ḏā·yāh — God redeemsH6305 — Full Word Study →: Zerubbabelזְרֻבָּבֶ֖לzə·rub·bā·ḇel — Seed of BabylonH2216 — Full Word Study → and Shimeiוְשִׁמְעִ֑יwə·šim·‘î — The Lord hearsH8096 — Full Word Study →. The childrenוּבֶן־ū·ḇen- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Zerubbabelזְרֻבָּבֶל֙zə·rub·bā·ḇel — Seed of BabylonH2216 — Full Word Study →: 20Meshullam and Hananiah, their sister Shelomith, and five othersחָמֵֽשׁ׃ḥā·mêš — The number five; a set of five unitsH2568 — Full Word Study →: Hashubahוַחֲשֻׁבָ֡הwa·ḥă·šu·ḇāh — Esteemed, ReckonedH2807 — Full Word Study →, Ohelוָ֠אֹהֶלwā·’ō·hel — TentH169 — Full Word Study →, Berechiahוּבֶרֶכְיָ֧הū·ḇe·reḵ·yāh — Yahweh BlessesH1296 — Full Word Study →, Hasadiahוַֽחֲסַדְיָ֛הwa·ḥă·saḏ·yāh — Yahweh is mercifulH2619 — Full Word Study →, and Jushab-hesedחֶ֖סֶדḥe·seḏ — Jushab-hesed, meaning 'mercy/kindness returns' or 'he sat in mercy'H3142 — Full Word Study →. 21The descendantsוּבֶן־ū·ḇen- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Hananiahחֲנַנְיָ֖הḥă·nan·yāh — Hananiah; God is graciousH2608 — Full Word Study →: Pelatiahפְּלַטְיָ֣הpə·laṭ·yāh — Yahweh deliversH6410 — Full Word Study →, Jeshaiahוִישַֽׁעְיָ֑הwî·ša‘·yāh — Isaiah; the name of seven IsraelitesH3470 — Full Word Study →, and the sonsבְּנֵ֤יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Rephaiahרְפָיָה֙rə·p̄ā·yāh — Yahweh healsH7509 — Full Word Study →, of Arnanאַרְנָ֔ן’ar·nān — Arnan, a descendant of DavidH770 — Full Word Study →, of Obadiahעֹבַדְיָ֖ה‘ō·ḇaḏ·yāh — Servant of the LordH5662 — Full Word Study →, andבְּנֵ֥יbə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Shecaniahשְׁכַנְיָֽה׃סšə·ḵan·yāh — Yahweh has dweltH7935 — Full Word Study →. 22The sixשִׁשָּֽׁה׃šiš·šāh — The number six; sixth in orderH8337 — Full Word Study → descendantsוּבְנֵ֥יū·ḇə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Shecaniahשְׁכַנְיָ֖הšə·ḵan·yāh — Yahweh has dweltH7935 — Full Word Study → were Shemaiah and hisשְׁמַעְיָ֗הšə·ma‘·yāh — Yahweh has heardH8098 — Full Word Study → sonsוּבְנֵ֣יū·ḇə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →: Hattushחַטּ֡וּשׁḥaṭ·ṭūš — A descendant of DavidH2407 — Full Word Study →, Igalוְ֠יִגְאָלwə·yiḡ·’āl — God redeemsH3008 — Full Word Study →, Bariahוּבָרִ֧יחַū·ḇā·rî·aḥ — A bolt or barH1282 — Full Word Study →, Neariahוּנְעַרְיָ֛הū·nə·‘ar·yāh — Yahweh is my youthH5294 — Full Word Study →, and Shaphatוְשָׁפָ֖טwə·šā·p̄āṭ — God has judgedH8202 — Full Word Study →. 23The sonsוּבֶן־ū·ḇen- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Neariahנְעַרְיָ֗הnə·‘ar·yāh — Yahweh is my youthH5294 — Full Word Study →: Elioenaiאֶלְיוֹעֵינַ֧י’el·yō·w·‘ê·nay — Elijoenai, a name meaning 'toward me are my eyes' or 'my eyes look to God'H454 — Full Word Study →, Hizkiahוְחִזְקִיָּ֛הwə·ḥiz·qî·yāh — The LORD strengthensH2396 — Full Word Study →, and Azrikamוְעַזְרִיקָ֖םwə·‘az·rî·qām — My Help Has RisenH5840 — Full Word Study →—three in all. 24The sonsוּבְנֵ֣יū·ḇə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Elioenaiאֶלְיוֹעֵינַ֗י’el·yō·w·‘ê·nay — Elijoenai, a name meaning 'toward me are my eyes' or 'my eyes look to God'H454 — Full Word Study →: Hodaviahהֹדַיְוָהוּhō·ḏay·wå̄·hū — Yahweh is majestyH1939 — Full Word Study →, Eliashibוְאֶלְיָשִׁ֡יבwə·’el·yā·šîḇ — God is my fatherH475 — Full Word Study →, Pelaiahוּפְלָיָ֡הū·p̄ə·lā·yāh — Pelaiah, a Hebrew personal name meaning 'Yahweh distinguishes' or 'Yahweh separates'H6411 — Full Word Study →, Akkubוְ֠עַקּוּבwə·‘aq·qūḇ — Akkub, a Hebrew nameH6126 — Full Word Study →, Johananוְיוֹחָנָ֧ןwə·yō·w·ḥā·nān — Yahweh is graciousH3110 — Full Word Study →, Delaiahוּדְלָיָ֛הū·ḏə·lā·yāh — Yahweh has deliveredH1806 — Full Word Study →, and Ananiוַעֲנָ֖נִיwa·‘ă·nā·nî — God's CloudH6054 — Full Word Study →—seven in all.
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Chapter Commentary — 1 Chronicles 3
Chapter Overview

Overview of 1 Chronicles 3

1 Chronicles 3 presents the royal genealogy of King David and his descendants, tracing the line of the Davidic covenant through the monarchy of Judah and into the post-exile period. This chapter serves as a historical record of God's faithfulness to His promise that David's throne would be established forever. By carefully documenting David's sons, Solomon's successors, and the eventual restoration of the royal line after the Babylonian captivity, the Chronicler reminds God's people that despite human failure and national exile, God's purposes remain certain and His dynasty enduring.

Verses 1-4: David's Sons Born in Hebron

The chapter opens by listing David's six sons born during his seven-and-a-half-year reign in Hebron, before he captured Jerusalem and established his full kingdom. These sons—Amnon, Daniel (also called Chileab in 2 Samuel), Absalom, Adonijah, Shephatiah, and Ithream—were born to different mothers, reflecting the polygamous practice of ancient Near Eastern kings. The notation that David reigned seven years and six months in Hebron and thirty-three years in Jerusalem (verse 4) provides historical anchoring for the genealogy. Doctrinally, this reminds us that God worked through David's imperfect life and circumstances to accomplish His eternal purposes, even when his personal decisions were sinful.

Verses 5-9: David's Sons Born in Jerusalem

Here we find the sons born after David moved to Jerusalem, most importantly Solomon, whose name means "peaceful" and who was chosen by God to build the temple. The text notes that Solomon's mother was Bathshua (Bathsheba), and lists nine other sons born to David in Jerusalem. Verse 9 explicitly states these are the sons "beside the sons of the concubines, and Tamar their sister," acknowledging completeness while maintaining focus on the legitimate line of succession. Notably absent from this list are Amnon and Absalom, whose tragic fates (murder and rebellion respectively) mark them as failures in God's plan for the dynasty.

Verses 10-14: The Davidic Dynasty Through the Monarchy

This section traces the royal succession from Solomon through to King Josiah in an unbroken line. We move through significant kings like Asa (a reformer), Jehoshaphat (a judge-establishing king), and Hezekiah (a great spiritual reformer). Yet we also see less righteous monarchs like Ahaz included without editorial comment. The simple genealogical format underscores that God's covenant with David persisted regardless of individual kings' spiritual failures. Every king listed was a descendant of David, fulfilling God's promise that his line would never cease.

Verses 15-24: The Line After Exile

Perhaps most significantly, the genealogy extends beyond the Babylonian exile through Jeconiah (the last king of Judah before captivity) to Zerubbabel, the governor of the returned exiles. This continuation demonstrates that even after national judgment and exile, God preserved the Davidic line. Names like Zerubbabel and his descendants show God's faithfulness in restoration. The detailed genealogy here—particularly of Zerubbabel's lineage—may carry significance as background to the eventual messianic fulfillment, since Jesus Himself descended from this royal line through both Joseph (his earthly father) and Mary (his mother).

Application for Today

1 Chronicles 3 teaches us that God's promises are unshakeable, even when His people fail. The Davidic covenant—and ultimately Jesus Christ, the true King and son of David—stands firm through every human failure, national calamity, and historical upheaval. We can trust that God's plans extend beyond our circumstances. Whatever season we face, God's word will accomplish what He purposes, and His redemptive timeline moves toward Jesus and His eternal kingdom.

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