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Job 16

BSB·22 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Then Jobאִיּ֗וֹב’î·yō·wḇ — He weeps or sorrowsH347 — Full Word Study → answeredוַיַּ֥עַןway·ya·‘an — To answer, respond, or testifyH6030 — Full Word Study →: 2I have heardשָׁמַ֣עְתִּיšā·ma‘·tî — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → manyרַבּ֑וֹתrab·bō·wṯ — great, many, abundant, mightyH7227 — Full Word Study → things like theseכְאֵ֣לֶּהḵə·’êl·leh — These; those; the onesH428 — Full Word Study →; miserableעָמָ֣ל‘ā·māl — Labor, toil, trouble, or arduous workH5999 — Full Word Study → comfortersמְנַחֲמֵ֖יmə·na·ḥă·mê — to comfort, console, or show compassion; to repent or change one's mindH5162 — Full Word Study → are you allכֻּלְּכֶֽם׃kul·lə·ḵem — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study →. 3Is there no endהֲקֵ֥ץhă·qêṣ — end, boundary, limit, terminusH7093 — Full Word Study → to your long-windedר֑וּחַrū·aḥ — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → speechesלְדִבְרֵי־lə·ḏiḇ·rê- — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study →? Whatמַה־mah- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → provokes youיַּ֝מְרִֽיצְךָ֗yam·rî·ṣə·ḵā — to be strong, powerful, or severeH4834 — Full Word Study → toכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → continue testifyingתַעֲנֶֽה׃ṯa·‘ă·neh — To answer, respond, or testifyH6030 — Full Word Study →? 4Iאָנֹכִי֮’ā·nō·ḵî — I, myself (first-person singular pronoun)H595 — Full Word Study → could alsoגַּ֤ם׀gam — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → speakאֲדַ֫בֵּ֥רָה’ă·ḏab·bê·rāh — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → like you ifל֤וּ־lū- — If; expressing conditional desire or wishH3863 — Full Word Study → youנַפְשְׁכֶ֡םnap̄·šə·ḵem — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study → wereיֵ֪שׁyêš — there is, exists, has beingH3426 — Full Word Study → in myנַפְשִׁ֗יnap̄·šî — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study → placeתַּ֤חַתta·ḥaṯ — Under, beneath, instead of, in place ofH8478 — Full Word Study →; I could heap upאַחְבִּ֣ירָה’aḥ·bî·rāh — To join together, unite, form a bondH2266 — Full Word Study → wordsבְּמִלִּ֑יםbə·mil·lîm — speech, word, matter, thing saidH4405 — Full Word Study → against youעֲלֵיכֶ֣ם‘ă·lê·ḵem — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → and shakeוְאָנִ֥יעָהwə·’ā·nî·‘āh — to shake, move back and forth, wanderH5128 — Full Word Study → my headרֹאשִֽׁי׃rō·šî — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study → at youעֲ֝לֵיכֶ֗ם‘ă·lê·ḵem — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →. 5But I would encourage youאֲאַמִּצְכֶ֥ם’ă·’am·miṣ·ḵem — To strengthen, make firm, or be courageousH553 — Full Word Study → withבְּמוֹ־bə·mōw- — in, at, by, through, with (preposition of location, instrument, or association)H1119 — Full Word Study → my mouthפִ֑יp̄î — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study →, and the consolationוְנִ֖ידwə·nîḏ — swaying, tottering, moving to and froH5205 — Full Word Study → of my lipsשְׂפָתַ֣יśə·p̄ā·ṯay — Lips; edge, border, or shoreH8193 — Full Word Study → would bring reliefיַחְשֹֽׂךְ׃yaḥ·śōḵ — To withhold, restrain, or hold backH2820 — Full Word Study →. 6Even ifאִֽם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → I speakאֲ֭דַבְּרָה’ă·ḏab·bə·rāh — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study →, my painכְּאֵבִ֑יkə·’ê·ḇî — Physical or emotional pain, grief, sorrowH3511 — Full Word Study → is notלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → relievedיֵחָשֵׂ֣ךְyê·ḥā·śêḵ — To withhold, restrain, or hold backH2820 — Full Word Study →, and if I hold backוְ֝אַחְדְּלָ֗הwə·’aḥ·də·lāh — to cease, stop, or desist from an actionH2308 — Full Word Study →, howמַה־mah- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → will it go awayיַהֲלֹֽךְ׃ya·hă·lōḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study →? 7Surelyאַךְ־’aḵ- — Surely, certainly, only, neverthelessH389 — Full Word Study → He has nowעַתָּ֥ה‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study → exhausted meהֶלְאָ֑נִיhel·’ā·nî — to be weary, faint, or loatheH3811 — Full Word Study →; You have devastatedהֲ֝שִׁמּ֗וֹתָhă·šim·mō·w·ṯā — to be desolate; to be appalled; to lie wasteH8074 — Full Word Study → allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → my familyעֲדָתִֽי׃‘ă·ḏā·ṯî — congregation, assembly, gathered communityH5712 — Full Word Study →. 8You have bound meוַֽ֭תִּקְמְטֵנִיwat·tiq·mə·ṭê·nî — to seize, grasp, or wrinkleH7059 — Full Word Study →, and it has become a witnessלְעֵ֣דlə·‘êḏ — A person who testifies or bears witnessH5707 — Full Word Study →; my frailtyכַ֝חֲשִׁ֗יḵa·ḥă·šî — Lying, falsehood, or deceptionH3585 — Full Word Study → rises upוַיָּ֥קָםway·yā·qām — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → and testifiesיַעֲנֶֽה׃ya·‘ă·neh — To answer, respond, or testifyH6030 — Full Word Study → against meבְּפָנַ֥יbə·p̄ā·nay — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →. 9His angerאַפּ֤וֹ’ap·pōw — Anger, wrath, face, or noseH639 — Full Word Study → has torn meטָרַ֨ף׀ṭā·rap̄ — To tear, rend, or devour preyH2963 — Full Word Study → and opposed meוַֽיִּשְׂטְמֵ֗נִיway·yiś·ṭə·mê·nî — to oppose, bear a grudge, hate intenselyH7852 — Full Word Study →; He gnashesחָרַ֣קḥā·raq — to grind or gnash (teeth)H2786 — Full Word Study → His teethבְּשִׁנָּ֑יוbə·šin·nāw — Tooth; ivory; sharp edge; cragH8127 — Full Word Study → at meעָלַ֣י‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →. My adversaryצָרִ֓י׀ṣā·rî — Narrow, tight, or distress; an adversary or enemyH6862 — Full Word Study → piercesיִלְט֖וֹשׁyil·ṭō·wōš — to sharpen; to whet; to make keenH3913 — Full Word Study → me with His eyesעֵינָ֣יו‘ê·nāw — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study →. 10They openפָּעֲר֬וּpā·‘ă·rū — to open wide, gapeH6473 — Full Word Study → their mouthsבְּפִיהֶ֗םbə·p̄î·hem — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study → against meעָלַ֨י׀‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → and strikeהִכּ֣וּhik·kū — To strike, smite, or defeat with forceH5221 — Full Word Study → my cheeksלְחָיָ֑יlə·ḥā·yāy — jawboneH3895 — Full Word Study → with contemptבְּ֭חֶרְפָּהbə·ḥer·pāh — Reproach, shame, insultH2781 — Full Word Study →; they joinיִתְמַלָּאֽוּן׃yiṯ·mal·lā·’ūn — to fill, fulfill, completeH4390 — Full Word Study → togetherיַ֝֗חַדya·ḥaḏ — together, united, as oneH3162 — Full Word Study → against meעָלַ֥י‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →. 11Godאֵ֭ל’êl — God, Mighty OneH410 — Full Word Study → has delivered meיַסְגִּירֵ֣נִיyas·gî·rê·nî — to shut, close, or encloseH5462 — Full Word Study → toאֶ֣ל’el — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → unjust menעֲוִ֑יל‘ă·wîl — young child, little one, infantH5759 — Full Word Study →; He has thrown meיִרְטֵֽנִי׃yir·ṭê·nî — to act rashly or turn over; to be perverseH3399 — Full Word Study → toוְעַל־wə·‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the clutchesיְדֵ֖יyə·ḏê — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → of the wickedרְשָׁעִ֣יםrə·šā·‘îm — wicked, guilty, morally corruptH7563 — Full Word Study →. 12I wasהָיִ֨יתִי׀hā·yî·ṯî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → at easeשָׁ֘לֵ֤וšā·lêw — at ease, secure, peaceful, prosperousH7961 — Full Word Study →, but He shattered meוַֽיְפַרְפְּרֵ֗נִיway·p̄ar·pə·rê·nî — To break, violate, or frustrate; to nullify or make voidH6565 — Full Word Study →; He seized meוְאָחַ֣זwə·’ā·ḥaz — to grasp, seize, or take hold ofH270 — Full Word Study → by the neckבְּ֭עָרְפִּיbə·‘ā·rə·pî — neck; stubbornness; back of the neckH6203 — Full Word Study → and crushed meוַֽיְפַצְפְּצֵ֑נִיway·p̄aṣ·pə·ṣê·nî — to scatter, disperse, or break apartH6327 — Full Word Study →. He has set me upוַיְקִימֵ֥נִיway·qî·mê·nî — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → as His targetלְמַטָּרָֽה׃lə·maṭ·ṭā·rāh — Mark, sign, or targetH4307 — Full Word Study →; 13His archersרַבָּ֗יוrab·bāw — archer; one who shoots arrowsH7228 — Full Word Study → surround meיָ֘סֹ֤בּוּyā·sōb·bū — to turn, surround, go aroundH5437 — Full Word Study →. He piercesיְפַלַּ֣חyə·p̄al·laḥ — to split, cleave, or cut throughH6398 — Full Word Study → my kidneysכִּ֭לְיוֹתַיkil·yō·w·ṯay — Kidney; seat of emotion and conscienceH3629 — Full Word Study → withoutוְלֹ֣אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → mercyיַחְמ֑וֹלyaḥ·mō·wl — to spare, show pity or compassionH2550 — Full Word Study → and spillsיִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְyiš·pōḵ — to pour out, shed, spillH8210 — Full Word Study → my gallמְרֵרָֽתִי׃mə·rê·rā·ṯî — Bitter poison or gall; extreme bitternessH4845 — Full Word Study → on the groundלָ֝אָ֗רֶץlā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →. 14He breaks meיִפְרְצֵ֣נִיyip̄·rə·ṣê·nî — to break through, breach, or burst forthH6555 — Full Word Study → with woundפֶ֭רֶץp̄e·reṣ — A gap, break, or rupture in a wall or boundaryH6556 — Full Word Study → uponעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → woundפָ֑רֶץp̄ā·reṣ — A gap, break, or rupture in a wall or boundaryH6556 — Full Word Study →; He rushesיָרֻ֖ץyā·ruṣ — to run; move swiftlyH7323 — Full Word Study → meעָלַ֣י‘ā·lay — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → like a mighty warriorכְּגִבּֽוֹר׃kə·ḡib·bō·wr — mighty man, warrior, strong heroH1368 — Full Word Study →. 15I have sewnתָּ֭פַרְתִּיtā·p̄ar·tî — to sew, stitch togetherH8609 — Full Word Study → sackclothשַׂ֣קśaq — Coarse cloth worn as a sign of mourning or repentanceH8242 — Full Word Study → overעֲלֵ֣י‘ă·lê — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → my skinגִלְדִּ֑יḡil·dî — Skin; outer covering of bodyH1539 — Full Word Study →; I have buriedוְעֹלַ֖לְתִּיwə·‘ō·lal·tî — to glean; to work thoroughly; to maltreat or abuseH5953 — Full Word Study → my hornקַרְנִֽי׃qar·nî — horn; power; strength; cornerH7161 — Full Word Study → in the dustבֶעָפָ֣רḇe·‘ā·p̄ār — dust; fine particles of earth or ground matterH6083 — Full Word Study →. 16My faceפָּנַ֣יpā·nay — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → is redחֳמַרְמְרָהḥo·mar·mə·rå̄h — to smear, daub, or ferment; to trouble or polluteH2560 — Full Word Study → withמִנִּי־min·nî- — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → weepingבֶ֑כִיḇe·ḵî — Weeping, tears, or act of cryingH1065 — Full Word Study →, and deep shadowsצַלְמָֽוֶת׃ṣal·mā·weṯ — Deep darkness; shadow of deathH6757 — Full Word Study → ringוְעַ֖לwə·‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → my eyesעַפְעַפַּ֣י‘ap̄·‘ap·pay — eyelid; the fold of skin covering the eyeH6079 — Full Word Study →; 17yetעַ֭ל‘al — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → my handsבְּכַפָּ֑יbə·ḵap·pāy — Palm of the hand; hollow of anything; power or controlH3709 — Full Word Study → are free ofלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → violenceחָמָ֣סḥā·mās — Violence, cruelty, or wrongful harmH2555 — Full Word Study → and my prayerוּֽתְפִלָּתִ֥יū·ṯə·p̄il·lā·ṯî — Prayer; formal or spontaneous petition to GodH8605 — Full Word Study → is pureזַכָּֽה׃zak·kāh — Pure, clean, unmixedH2134 — Full Word Study →. 18O earthאֶ֭רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →, do notאַל־’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → coverתְּכַסִּ֣יtə·ḵas·sî — to cover, conceal, hideH3680 — Full Word Study → my bloodדָמִ֑יḏā·mî — blood; life force; bloodshed; guiltH1818 — Full Word Study →; may my cry for helpלְזַעֲקָתִֽי׃lə·za·‘ă·qā·ṯî — A cry or outcry; a shout of distress or complaintH2201 — Full Word Study → neverוְֽאַל־wə·’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → beיְהִ֥יyə·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → laid to restמָ֝ק֗וֹםmā·qō·wm — A place, location, or spaceH4725 — Full Word Study →. 19Evenגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → nowעַ֭תָּה‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study → my witnessעֵדִ֑י‘ê·ḏî — A person who testifies or bears witnessH5707 — Full Word Study → is in heavenבַשָּׁמַ֣יִםḇaš·šā·ma·yim — The heavens; sky; dwelling place of GodH8064 — Full Word Study →, and my advocateוְ֝שָׂהֲדִ֗יwə·śā·hă·ḏî — Witness; one who testifies or bears witnessH7717 — Full Word Study → is on highבַּמְּרוֹמִֽים׃bam·mə·rō·w·mîm — Height, high place, or exaltationH4791 — Full Word Study →. 20My friendsרֵעָ֑יrê·‘āy — neighbor, friend, companion, associateH7453 — Full Word Study → are my scoffersמְלִיצַ֥יmə·lî·ṣay — to mock, scorn, or ridiculeH3887 — Full Word Study → as my eyesעֵינִֽי׃‘ê·nî — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → pour out tears toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Godאֱ֝ל֗וֹהַ’ĕ·lō·w·ha — God; divine being; deityH433 — Full Word Study →. 21Oh, that a manלְגֶ֣בֶרlə·ḡe·ḇer — Man, mighty man, strong manH1397 — Full Word Study → might pleadוְיוֹכַ֣חwə·yō·w·ḵaḥ — To rebuke, reprove, or correct with reasoningH3198 — Full Word Study → withעִם־‘im- — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → Godאֱל֑וֹהַּ’ĕ·lō·w·ah — God; divine being; deityH433 — Full Word Study → as he pleads with his neighborלְרֵעֵֽהוּ׃lə·rê·‘ê·hū — neighbor, friend, companion, associateH7453 — Full Word Study →! 22For whenכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → only a fewמִסְפָּ֣רmis·pār — number, count, enumerationH4557 — Full Word Study → yearsשְׁנ֣וֹתšə·nō·wṯ — Year; period of time or ageH8141 — Full Word Study → are pastיֶאֱתָ֑יוּye·’ĕ·ṯā·yū — to come, arrive, approachH857 — Full Word Study → I will goאֶהֱלֹֽךְ׃’e·hĕ·lōḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → the wayוְאֹ֖רַחwə·’ō·raḥ — Way, path, or manner of travelingH734 — Full Word Study → of noלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → returnאָשׁ֣וּב’ā·šūḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Job 16
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Job chapter 16 presents Job's sharp response to his friends' accusations, particularly to Eliphaz's discourse in chapter 15. Rather than accepting their counsel, Job expresses his deep frustration with their unhelpful words and turns his focus to God as both his adversary and his only hope. The chapter reveals the tension in Job's heart: he protests his innocence before God while simultaneously feeling abandoned and attacked by Him. This passage demonstrates how suffering can strip away pretense and force us to cry out to the Lord in raw, honest prayer.

Verses 1–5: Job Rebukes His Comforters

Job opens by calling his friends "miserable comforters" (v. 2)—a statement that cuts to the heart of their failure. They have spoken many words (v. 3), but their words are empty and unhelpful. Job notes sarcastically that he could respond to them in the same manner if their situations were reversed (v. 4), heaping up accusations and shaking his head in scorn. Yet he claims he would do the opposite: he would "strengthen you with my mouth, and the moving of my lips should asswage your grief" (v. 5). This reveals Job's character—even in his suffering, he demonstrates what true comfort looks like: words that strengthen rather than wound.

Application: This is a timely reminder for those who minister to the suffering. Silence mixed with genuine presence often comforts more than a flood of theological explanations. Job's friends failed because they prioritized defending God's character over caring for Job's heart.

Verses 6–12: Job's Complaint Against God

Here Job shifts from his friends to God Himself. Whether he speaks or remains silent (v. 6), his grief remains unchanged—a profound statement about the inadequacy of human words in the face of true suffering. Job then accuses God directly: "now he hath made me weary" and "thou hast made desolate all my company" (v. 7). He describes his physical deterioration—his wrinkles and leanness (v. 8)—as witnesses against him, suggesting that even his body condemns him in the eyes of observers.

Verses 9–12 contain some of Scripture's most visceral language about divine anger. Job speaks of God tearing him in wrath (v. 9), his enemies mocking him (v. 10), and God Himself delivering him to the wicked (v. 11). He describes his previous ease shattered: God has "broken me asunder," taken him by the neck, and "set me up for his mark"—making him a target for God's arrows (vv. 12–13). This language, while extreme, reflects the intensity of Job's inner experience of abandonment.

Application: While we must be careful not to accuse God falsely, Scripture permits us to express raw feelings in prayer. The Psalms are filled with similar complaints. God welcomes honest questions more than false piety.

Verses 13–18: Deepening Anguish and Defilement

The military imagery continues: God's archers surround Job (v. 13), breaking him with repeated breaches like a giant warrior (v. 14). In response, Job has donned sackcloth—the garment of mourning—and defiled himself with dust (v. 15), external signs of his inner devastation. His face is marred by weeping, and death's shadow rests upon his eyelids (v. 16).

Yet crucially, in verse 17, Job asserts: "Not for any injustice in mine hands: also my prayer is pure." This is his steady claim throughout the book—he has done nothing to deserve this suffering. He appeals to the earth itself to preserve his blood and cry as a witness (v. 18), invoking creation to testify to his innocence.

Verses 19–22: A Glimmer of Hope

After verses of despair, Job suddenly declares: "Also now, behold, my witness is in heaven, and my record is on high" (v. 19). God Himself, though seemingly opposed to Job, must be his ultimate witness. His friends scorn him (v. 20), but his tears flow toward God. Job then expresses a longing that someone would plead for him with God (v. 21)—a yearning for an intercessor that finds its ultimate fulfillment in Christ. The chapter closes with Job's recognition of mortality (v. 22), yet his gaze remains fixed heavenward.

Application for Today

Job 16 teaches us that suffering is not silenced by easy answers, and wounded souls need compassion, not correction. More importantly, it shows us that even in our darkest accusations against God, we may simultaneously trust that He is our witness in heaven. In our pain, Christ stands as our perfect Intercessor, understanding both our sorrow and our vindication.

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