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Job 29

BSB·25 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1And Jobאִ֭יּוֹב’î·yō·wḇ — He weeps or sorrowsH347 — Full Word Study → continuedוַיֹּ֣סֶףway·yō·sep̄ — to add, increase, or do againH3254 — Full Word Study → his discourseמְשָׁל֗וֹmə·šā·lōw — Proverb; a wise saying or parableH4912 — Full Word Study →: 2How I longמִֽי־mî- — who? what person?H4310 — Full Word Study → for the monthsכְיַרְחֵי־ḵə·yar·ḥê- — Month; lunar cycle; moonH3391 — Full Word Study → gone byקֶ֑דֶםqe·ḏem — East; ancient times; beforeH6924 — Full Word Study →, for the daysכִּ֝ימֵ֗יkî·mê — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → when Godאֱל֣וֹהַּ’ĕ·lō·w·ah — God; divine being; deityH433 — Full Word Study → watched over meיִשְׁמְרֵֽנִי׃yiš·mə·rê·nî — To guard, keep, observe, preserveH8104 — Full Word Study →, 3when His lampנֵ֭רוֹnê·rōw — A lamp or light source; illuminationH5216 — Full Word Study → shoneבְּהִלּ֣וֹbə·hil·lōw — To praise, boast, or shine; to celebrate or make a displayH1984 — Full Word Study → aboveעֲלֵ֣י‘ă·lê — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → my headרֹאשִׁ֑יrō·šî — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study →, and by His lightלְ֝אוֹרוֹlə·’ō·w·rōw — Light; brightness; illuminationH216 — Full Word Study → I walkedאֵ֣לֶךְ’ê·leḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → through the darknessחֹֽשֶׁךְ׃ḥō·šeḵ — Darkness; absence of light; obscurityH2822 — Full Word Study →, 4whenכַּאֲשֶׁ֣רka·’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → I wasהָ֭יִיתִיhā·yî·ṯî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → in my primeחָרְפִּ֑יḥā·rə·pî — Winter, cold season; harvest time; youthH2779 — Full Word Study →, when the friendshipבְּס֥וֹדbə·sō·wḏ — Secret counsel, intimate advice, private gatheringH5475 — Full Word Study → of Godאֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּ’ĕ·lō·w·ah — God; divine being; deityH433 — Full Word Study → rested onעֲלֵ֣י‘ă·lê — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → my tentאָהֳלִֽי׃’ā·ho·lî — A tent; portable dwelling placeH168 — Full Word Study →, 5when the Almightyשַׁ֭דַּיšad·dai — The AlmightyH7706 — Full Word Study → was stillבְּע֣וֹדbə·‘ō·wḏ — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study → with meעִמָּדִ֑י‘im·mā·ḏî — With, alongside, in the presence ofH5978 — Full Word Study → and my childrenנְעָרָֽי׃nə·‘ā·rāy — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → were around meסְבִ֖יבוֹתַ֣יsə·ḇî·ḇō·w·ṯay — around, on all sides, encirclingH5439 — Full Word Study →, 6when my stepsהֲלִיכַ֣יhă·lî·ḵay — A step or footstep; a pace or strideH1978 — Full Word Study → were bathedבִּרְחֹ֣ץbir·ḥōṣ — to wash or bathe the bodyH7364 — Full Word Study → in creamבְּחֵמָ֑הbə·ḥê·māh — butter or curdled milkH2529 — Full Word Study → and the rockוְצ֥וּרwə·ṣūr — Rock; stone; strength; fortressH6697 — Full Word Study → poured outיָצ֥וּקyā·ṣūq — to pour out, cast, moldH6694 — Full Word Study → for meעִ֝מָּדִ֗י‘im·mā·ḏî — With, alongside, in the presence ofH5978 — Full Word Study → streamsפַּלְגֵי־pal·ḡê- — Stream, watercourse, or flowing water channelH6388 — Full Word Study → of oilשָֽׁמֶן׃šā·men — Oil; ointment; fat; luxuryH8081 — Full Word Study →! 7When I went outבְּצֵ֣אתִיbə·ṣê·ṯî — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → to the cityקָ֑רֶתqā·reṯ — A walled city or fortified townH7176 — Full Word Study → gateשַׁ֣עַרša·‘ar — Gate; entrance to a city or enclosureH8179 — Full Word Study → and tookאָכִ֥ין’ā·ḵîn — to establish, prepare, or make firmH3559 — Full Word Study → my seatמוֹשָׁבִֽי׃mō·wō·šā·ḇî — Seat, dwelling place, settlementH4186 — Full Word Study → in the public squareבָּ֝רְח֗וֹבbā·rə·ḥō·wḇ — public square, street, plazaH7339 — Full Word Study →, 8the young menנְעָרִ֣יםnə·‘ā·rîm — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → saw meרָא֣וּנִיrā·’ū·nî — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → and withdrewוְנֶחְבָּ֑אוּwə·neḥ·bā·’ū — to hide, conceal, or keep secretH2244 — Full Word Study →, and the old menוִֽ֝ישִׁישִׁיםwî·šî·šîm — Very old, aged person; advanced in yearsH3453 — Full Word Study → roseקָ֣מוּqā·mū — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → to their feetעָמָֽדוּ׃‘ā·mā·ḏū — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study →. 9The princesשָׂ֭רִיםśā·rîm — Ruler, leader, or one in authorityH8269 — Full Word Study → refrainedעָצְר֣וּ‘ā·ṣə·rū — to restrain, withhold, hold backH6113 — Full Word Study → from speakingבְמִלִּ֑יםḇə·mil·lîm — speech, word, matter, thing saidH4405 — Full Word Study → and coveredיָשִׂ֥ימוּyā·śî·mū — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → their mouthsלְפִיהֶֽם׃lə·p̄î·hem — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study → with their handsוְ֝כַ֗ףwə·ḵap̄ — Palm of the hand; hollow of anything; power or controlH3709 — Full Word Study →. 10The voicesקוֹל־qō·wl- — voice, sound, or cryH6963 — Full Word Study → of the noblesנְגִידִ֥יםnə·ḡî·ḏîm — Leader, chief, or ruler with authorityH5057 — Full Word Study → were hushedנֶחְבָּ֑אוּneḥ·bā·’ū — to hide, conceal, or keep secretH2244 — Full Word Study →, and their tonguesוּ֝לְשׁוֹנָ֗םū·lə·šō·w·nām — Tongue; language; speechH3956 — Full Word Study → stuckדָּבֵֽקָה׃dā·ḇê·qāh — to cling to, cleave fast, adhere closelyH1692 — Full Word Study → to the roofs of their mouthsלְחִכָּ֥םlə·ḥik·kām — palate; taste; speechH2441 — Full Word Study →. 11Forכִּ֤יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → thoseאֹ֣זֶן’ō·zen — Ear; the organ of hearing and listeningH241 — Full Word Study → who heard meשָׁ֭מְעָהšā·mə·ʿāh — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → called me blessedוַֽתְּאַשְּׁרֵ֑נִיwat·tə·’aš·šə·rê·nî — to bless, to make happy or prosperousH833 — Full Word Study →, and those whoוְעַ֥יִןwə·‘a·yin — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → saw meרָ֝אֲתָ֗הrā·’ă·ṯāh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → commended meוַתְּעִידֵֽנִי׃wat·tə·‘î·ḏê·nî — to testify, witness, or solemnly affirmH5749 — Full Word Study →, 12becauseכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → I rescuedאֲ֭מַלֵּט’ă·mal·lêṭ — to escape, deliver, or save from dangerH4422 — Full Word Study → the poorעָנִ֣י‘ā·nî — Poor, afflicted, humbleH6041 — Full Word Study → who cried outמְשַׁוֵּ֑עַmə·šaw·wê·a‘ — to cry out, shout for helpH7768 — Full Word Study → and the fatherlessוְ֝יָת֗וֹםwə·yā·ṯō·wm — A child without a father; an orphanH3490 — Full Word Study → who had noוְֽלֹא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → helperעֹזֵ֥ר‘ō·zêr — to help, aid, supportH5826 — Full Word Study →. 13The dying manאֹ֭בֵד’ō·ḇêḏ — To perish, be destroyed, or lostH6 — Full Word Study → blessed meבִּרְכַּ֣תbir·kaṯ — Blessing; divine favor and benefitH1293 — Full Word Study →, and I made the widow’sאַלְמָנָ֣ה’al·mā·nāh — A woman whose husband has died; widowH490 — Full Word Study → heartוְלֵ֖בwə·lêḇ — Heart; the center of emotion, will, and intellectH3820 — Full Word Study → sing for joyאַרְנִֽן׃’ar·nin — To shout or sing aloud with joy; to cry out triumphantlyH7442 — Full Word Study →. 14I put onלָ֭בַשְׁתִּיlā·ḇaš·tî — To clothe, dress, or wear garmentsH3847 — Full Word Study → righteousnessצֶ֣דֶקṣe·ḏeq — Righteousness, justice, right standingH6664 — Full Word Study →, and it clothed meוַיִּלְבָּשֵׁ֑נִיway·yil·bā·šê·nî — To clothe, dress, or wear garmentsH3847 — Full Word Study →; justiceמִשְׁפָּטִֽי׃miš·pā·ṭî — Justice, judgment, or legal decisionH4941 — Full Word Study → was my robeכִּֽמְעִ֥ילkim·‘îl — A long robe or outer garment; cloakH4598 — Full Word Study → and my turbanוְ֝צָנִ֗יףwə·ṣā·nîp̄ — Turban or headwrap, a head coveringH6797 — Full Word Study →. 15I served as eyesעֵינַ֣יִם‘ê·na·yim — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → to the blindלַֽעִוֵּ֑רla·‘iw·wêr — blind; unable to see physically or spirituallyH5787 — Full Word Study → and as feetוְרַגְלַ֖יִםwə·raḡ·la·yim — Foot; by extension, journey, way, or standingH7272 — Full Word Study → to the lameלַפִּסֵּ֣חַlap·pis·sê·aḥ — lame, limping, unable to walk properlyH6455 — Full Word Study →. 16Iאָ֭נֹכִֽי’ā·nō·ḵî — I, myself (first-person singular pronoun)H595 — Full Word Study → was a fatherאָ֣ב’āḇ — H1 — Full Word Study → to the needyלָֽאֶבְיוֹנִ֑יםlā·’eḇ·yō·w·nîm — Poor person in dire needH34 — Full Word Study →, and I took upאֶחְקְרֵֽהוּ׃’eḥ·qə·rê·hū — to search out, investigate, or examine thoroughlyH2713 — Full Word Study → the caseוְרִ֖בwə·riḇ — Strife, contention, legal disputeH7379 — Full Word Study → of the strangerלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study →. 17I shatteredוָֽ֭אֲשַׁבְּרָהwā·’ă·šab·bə·rāh — to break, shatter, crushH7665 — Full Word Study → the fangsמְתַלְּע֣וֹתmə·ṯal·lə·‘ō·wṯ — Jaw or cheek; the side of the faceH4973 — Full Word Study → of the unjustעַוָּ֑ל‘aw·wāl — Injustice, unrighteousness, wickednessH5767 — Full Word Study → and snatchedאַשְׁלִ֥יךְ’aš·lîḵ — to throw, cast, or hurlH7993 — Full Word Study → the preyטָֽרֶף׃ṭā·rep̄ — Prey; food torn apartH2964 — Full Word Study → from his teethוּ֝מִשִּׁנָּ֗יוū·miš·šin·nāw — Tooth; ivory; sharp edge; cragH8127 — Full Word Study →. 18So I thoughtוָ֭אֹמַרwā·’ō·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: ‘I will dieאֶגְוָ֑ע’eḡ·wā‘ — to expire, breathe one's last, dieH1478 — Full Word Study → inעִם־‘im- — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → my nestקִנִּ֣יqin·nî — A nest; a place of refuge or habitationH7064 — Full Word Study → and multiplyאַרְבֶּ֥ה’ar·beh — To increase, multiply, grow abundantH7235 — Full Word Study → my daysיָמִֽים׃yā·mîm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → as the sandוְ֝כַח֗וֹלwə·ḵa·ḥō·wl — Sand; fine granules of rock or mineral matterH2344 — Full Word Study →. 19My rootsשָׁרְשִׁ֣יšā·rə·šî — Root; foundation; origin; bottomH8328 — Full Word Study → will spread out toאֱלֵי־’ĕ·lê- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the watersמָ֑יִםmā·yim — Water; liquid; fluidsH4325 — Full Word Study →, and the dewוְ֝טַ֗לwə·ṭal — dew; moisture from the skyH2919 — Full Word Study → will rest nightlyיָלִ֥יןyā·lîn — to lodge, dwell, or remain (overnight or permanently)H3885 — Full Word Study → on my branchesבִּקְצִירִֽי׃biq·ṣî·rî — Harvest; the reaping of crops or figuratively, a limb or branchH7105 — Full Word Study →. 20My gloryכְּ֭בוֹדִיkə·ḇō·w·ḏî — weightiness, honor, splendor, gloryH3519 — Full Word Study → is ever new within meעִמָּדִ֑י‘im·mā·ḏî — With, alongside, in the presence ofH5978 — Full Word Study →, and my bowוְ֝קַשְׁתִּ֗יwə·qaš·tî — bow (weapon); arcH7198 — Full Word Study → is renewedתַחֲלִֽיף׃ṯa·ḥă·lîp̄ — to pass over, pass away, changeH2498 — Full Word Study → in my handבְּיָדִ֥יbə·yā·ḏî — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study →.’ 21Men listenedשָׁמְע֥וּšā·mə·‘ū — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → to me with expectationוְיִחֵ֑לּוּwə·yi·ḥêl·lū — To wait; to hope; to expect with patienceH3176 — Full Word Study →, waiting silentlyוְ֝יִדְּמ֗וּwə·yid·də·mū — to be silent, still, or ceaseH1826 — Full Word Study → forלְמ֣וֹlə·mōw — upon, against, over, towardH3926 — Full Word Study → my counselעֲצָתִֽי׃‘ă·ṣā·ṯî — counsel, advice, or purposeH6098 — Full Word Study →. 22Afterאַחֲרֵ֣י’a·ḥă·rê — after, behind, followingH310 — Full Word Study → my wordsדְ֭בָרִיḏə·ḇā·rî — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study →, they spokeיִשְׁנ֑וּyiš·nū — To repeat, change, or alter; to do againH8138 — Full Word Study → no moreלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study →; my speechמִלָּתִֽי׃mil·lā·ṯî — speech, word, matter, thing saidH4405 — Full Word Study → settledתִּטֹּ֥ףtiṭ·ṭōp̄ — To drip, drop; to prophesyH5197 — Full Word Study → on them like dewוְ֝עָלֵ֗ימוֹwə·‘ā·lê·mōw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →. 23They waitedוְיִֽחֲל֣וּwə·yi·ḥă·lū — To wait; to hope; to expect with patienceH3176 — Full Word Study → for me as for rainכַמָּטָ֣רḵam·mā·ṭār — Rain; rainfall; precipitation from heavenH4306 — Full Word Study → and drank in my wordsפָּעֲר֥וּpā·‘ă·rū — to open wide, gapeH6473 — Full Word Study → like spring showersלְמַלְקֽוֹשׁ׃lə·mal·qō·wōš — Spring rain; latter rainH4456 — Full Word Study →. 24If I smiledאֶשְׂחַ֣ק’eś·ḥaq — to laugh, mock, or make sportH7832 — Full Word Study → at themאֲ֭לֵהֶם’ă·lê·hem — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, they did notלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → believe itיַאֲמִ֑ינוּya·’ă·mî·nū — to trust, believe, be faithfulH539 — Full Word Study →; the lightוְא֥וֹרwə·’ō·wr — Light; brightness; illuminationH216 — Full Word Study → of my countenanceפָּ֝נַ֗יpā·nay — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → was preciousיַפִּילֽוּן׃yap·pî·lūn — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study →. 25I choseאֶֽבֲחַ֣ר’e·ḇă·ḥar — To choose, select, or preferH977 — Full Word Study → their courseדַּרְכָּם֮dar·kām — way, path, journey, conductH1870 — Full Word Study → and presidedוְאֵשֵׁ֪בwə·’ê·šêḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → as chiefרֹ֥אשׁrōš — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study →. So I dweltוְ֭אֶשְׁכּוֹןwə·’eš·kō·wn — To dwell, inhabit, or settle in a placeH7931 — Full Word Study → as a kingכְּמֶ֣לֶךְkə·me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → among his troopsבַּגְּד֑וּדbag·gə·ḏūḏ — A band, troop, or raiding party; military companyH1416 — Full Word Study →, as a comforterכַּאֲשֶׁ֖רka·’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → of the mournersאֲבֵלִ֣ים’ă·ḇê·lîm — mourning, lamentation, griefH57 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Job 29
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

In Chapter 29, Job shifts from defending his integrity to lamenting his lost glory. Speaking in a reflective tone, he recalls the days of his prosperity, influence, and moral standing when God's favor rested openly upon him. This chapter is deeply personal—a poignant meditation on what he once possessed and what he now grieves. Rather than another round of debate with his friends, Job paints a portrait of a man whose righteousness was matched by blessing, whose leadership was marked by compassion, and whose future seemed secure. His purpose in recounting these memories is to highlight the stark contrast with his present affliction, raising the agonizing question: how could God allow such a righteous man to fall so far?

Verses 1–5: The Days of God's Favor

Job opens with a wistful wish: "Oh that I were as in months past, as in the days when God preserved me." The word preserved speaks of God's active protection and guardianship. Job recalls a time when God's candle shined upon his head (verse 3), a vivid image of divine illumination and blessing. To walk by God's light through darkness means to live with confidence, guided by divine wisdom and protection. Verses 4–5 deepen this memory: Job was young, the secret counsel of God rested upon his household, his children surrounded him, and the Almighty was yet with him. This phrase "yet with me" is crucial—it implies that Job believes God has now withdrawn His presence. The loss he grieves is not merely material but relational; it is the apparent absence of God that cuts deepest.

Application: Believers sometimes experience seasons when God's presence seems vivid and His favor obvious. These memories can anchor our faith during dry seasons, reminding us that God has been faithful before and calling us to trust His faithfulness again.

Verses 6–11: Wealth, Respect, and Community Honor

Job describes his former prosperity in striking language: washing his steps with butter and having rivers of oil poured from the rock (verse 6). These are not literal descriptions but poetic expressions of extraordinary abundance. His wealth translated into social influence—he occupied the chief seat in the city gate (verse 7), the ancient Near Eastern center of justice and civic life. Young men deferred to him, the aged stood to honor him, and princes fell silent in his presence (verses 8–10). This was not arrogance but genuine respect earned through moral standing. When the ear heard him, people blessed him; when the eye saw him, it gave witness (verse 11). His very presence was a credential.

Application: True influence flows from integrity and genuine care for others. Our reputation rests not on status but on consistent righteousness and compassion. When that is lost, the loss is total.

Verses 12–17: Righteous Leadership and Mercy

Job explains the foundation of his respect: he was a defender of the vulnerable. He delivered the poor, the fatherless, and the helpless (verse 12); he caused widows' hearts to sing for joy (verse 13). He clothed himself with righteousness, making it his garment and crown (verse 14). He became eyes to the blind and feet to the lame (verse 15)—a father to the poor who investigated causes he did not personally know (verse 16). Most powerfully, he broke the jaws of the wicked and plucked victims from their grip (verse 17). This is a portrait of a godly leader: compassionate, just, and protective of the defenseless.

Application: Authentic spiritual leadership serves others sacrificially. Job's example calls us to actively seek justice and defend those who cannot defend themselves.

Verses 18–25: Expectation of Continuity and Influence

Job concludes by describing his confidence in future blessing (verses 18–20) and his unchallenged counsel (verses 21–25). He expected to die in his nest, multiplying days like sand—a vision of long, fruitful life. Men waited upon his words as the earth waits for rain. His smile brought them joy; his frown, restraint. He was chief among them, a comforter of mourners (verse 25). In all this lay Job's tragic assumption: that righteousness guarantees earthly prosperity and that God's favor is perpetually visible.

Application: This chapter illustrates a lesson Job must learn: righteousness does not guarantee earthly blessing, and God's presence may be real even when it feels absent. Suffering tests whether our faith depends on circumstances or on God Himself.

Application for Today

Job's lament teaches us that grief over lost blessing is real and valid, yet it also reveals that his theology was incomplete. We are invited to grieve with Job while recognizing that God's purposes may extend beyond our understanding. Suffering does not prove God's absence or our unworthiness. As believers, we are called to maintain Job's integrity and compassion regardless of our circumstances, trusting that our truest riches are in Christ, not in the visible tokens of divine favor.

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