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Job 14

BSB·22 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Manאָ֭דָם’ā·ḏām — Man, mankind, human beingH120 — Full Word Study →, who is bornיְל֣וּדyə·lūḏ — to give birth, beget, or bear a childH3205 — Full Word Study → of womanאִשָּׁ֑ה’iš·šāh — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study →, is shortקְצַ֥רqə·ṣar — short, brief, few in number or durationH7116 — Full Word Study → of daysיָ֝מִ֗יםyā·mîm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → and fullוּֽשְׂבַֽע־ū·śə·ḇa‘- — satisfied, full, satedH7649 — Full Word Study → of troubleרֹֽגֶז׃rō·ḡez — Turmoil, tumult, or agitationH7267 — Full Word Study →. 2Like a flowerכְּצִ֣יץkə·ṣîṣ — Bright ornamental plate; flower; gleaming wingH6731 — Full Word Study →, he comes forthיָ֭צָאyā·ṣā — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study →, then withers awayוַיִּמָּ֑לway·yim·māl — to circumcise; to cut offH5243 — Full Word Study →; like a fleeting shadowכַּ֝צֵּ֗לkaṣ·ṣêl — shadow; protection; shelterH6738 — Full Word Study →, he does notוְלֹ֣אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → endureיַעֲמֽוֹד׃ya·‘ă·mō·wḏ — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study →. 3Do You openפָּקַ֣חְתָּpā·qaḥ·tā — to open (eyes, ears, doors)H6491 — Full Word Study → Your eyesעֵינֶ֑ךָ‘ê·ne·ḵā — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → to one like thisזֶ֭הzeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study →? Will You bring himתָבִ֖יאṯā·ḇî — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → into judgmentבְמִשְׁפָּ֣טḇə·miš·pāṭ — Justice, judgment, or legal decisionH4941 — Full Word Study → beforeעִמָּֽךְ׃‘im·māḵ — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → Youעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →? 4Whoמִֽי־mî- — who? what person?H4310 — Full Word Study → can bring outיִתֵּ֣ןyit·tên — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → cleanטָ֭הוֹרṭā·hō·wr — Ritually or morally pure; cleanH2889 — Full Word Study → from uncleanמִטָּמֵ֗אmiṭ·ṭā·mê — Unclean, defiled, impureH2931 — Full Word Study →? Noלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → oneאֶחָֽד׃’e·ḥāḏ — One; unity; single; firstH259 — Full Word Study →! 5Sinceאִ֥ם’im — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → his daysיָמָ֗יוyā·māw — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → are determined and the numberמִֽסְפַּר־mis·par- — number, count, enumerationH4557 — Full Word Study → of his monthsחֳדָשָׁ֥יוḥo·ḏā·šāw — A month; lunar period; new moonH2320 — Full Word Study → is with You, and since You have setעָ֝שִׂ֗יתָ‘ā·śî·ṯā — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → limitsחֻקּוֹḥuq·qō — A statute or decree; an appointed rule or lawH2706 — Full Word Study → that he cannotוְלֹ֣אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → exceedיַעֲבֽוֹר׃ya·‘ă·ḇō·wr — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study →, 6look awayשְׁעֵ֣הšə·‘êh — to gaze, look, regard with attentionH8159 — Full Word Study → from himמֵעָלָ֣יוmê·‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → and let him restוְיֶחְדָּ֑לwə·yeḥ·dāl — to cease, stop, or desist from an actionH2308 — Full Word Study →, soעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → he can enjoyיִ֝רְצֶ֗הyir·ṣeh — to accept, be pleased with, delight inH7521 — Full Word Study → his dayיוֹמֽוֹ׃yō·w·mōw — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → as a hired handכְּשָׂכִ֥ירkə·śā·ḵîr — hired worker; one employed for wagesH7916 — Full Word Study →. 7Forכִּ֤יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → there isיֵ֥שׁyêš — there is, exists, has beingH3426 — Full Word Study → hopeתִּ֫קְוָ֥הtiq·wāh — Hope; expectation; cord of attachmentH8615 — Full Word Study → for a treeלָעֵ֗ץlā·‘êṣ — Tree; wood; timberH6086 — Full Word Study →: Ifאִֽם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → it is cut downיִ֭כָּרֵתyik·kā·rêṯ — To cut; to make a covenantH3772 — Full Word Study →, it will sproutיַחֲלִ֑יףya·ḥă·lîp̄ — to pass over, pass away, changeH2498 — Full Word Study → againוְע֣וֹדwə·‘ō·wḏ — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study →, and its tender shootsוְ֝יֹֽנַקְתּ֗וֹwə·yō·naq·tōw — tender shoot or young branchH3127 — Full Word Study → will notלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → failתֶחְדָּֽל׃ṯeḥ·dāl — to cease, stop, or desist from an actionH2308 — Full Word Study →. 8Ifאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → its rootsשָׁרְשׁ֑וֹšā·rə·šōw — Root; foundation; origin; bottomH8328 — Full Word Study → grow oldיַזְקִ֣יןyaz·qîn — to become old, age, grow oldH2204 — Full Word Study → in the groundבָּאָ֣רֶץbā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → and its stumpגִּזְעֽוֹ׃giz·‘ōw — Stock, stem, or trunk of a treeH1503 — Full Word Study → diesיָמ֥וּתyā·mūṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → in the soilוּ֝בֶעָפָ֗רū·ḇe·‘ā·p̄ār — dust; fine particles of earth or ground matterH6083 — Full Word Study →, 9at the scentמֵרֵ֣יחַmê·rê·aḥ — Pleasant aroma, fragrance, or sweet smellH7381 — Full Word Study → of waterמַ֣יִםma·yim — Water; liquid; fluidsH4325 — Full Word Study → it will budיַפְרִ֑חַyap̄·ri·aḥ — to bloom, flourish, or spread forthH6524 — Full Word Study → and put forthוְעָשָׂ֖הwə·‘ā·śāh — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → twigsקָצִ֣ירqā·ṣîr — Harvest; the reaping of crops or figuratively, a limb or branchH7105 — Full Word Study → likeכְּמוֹ־kə·mōw- — Like; according to; asH3644 — Full Word Study → a saplingנָֽטַע׃nā·ṭa‘ — plantation, planted thing, seedlingH5194 — Full Word Study →. 10But a manוְגֶ֣בֶרwə·ḡe·ḇer — Man, mighty man, strong manH1397 — Full Word Study → diesיָ֭מוּתyā·mūṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → and is laid lowוַֽיֶּחֱלָ֑שׁway·ye·ḥĕ·lāš — To weaken, enfeeble, or make faintH2522 — Full Word Study →; heאָדָ֣ם’ā·ḏām — Man, mankind, human beingH120 — Full Word Study → breathes his lastוַיִּגְוַ֖עway·yiḡ·wa‘ — to expire, breathe one's last, dieH1478 — Full Word Study →, and where is he? 11As waterמַ֭יִםma·yim — Water; liquid; fluidsH4325 — Full Word Study → disappearsאָֽזְלוּ־’ā·zə·lū- — to go away, depart, be spent or exhaustedH235 — Full Word Study → fromמִנִּי־min·nî- — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study → the seaיָ֑םyām — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study → and a riverוְ֝נָהָ֗רwə·nā·hār — River, StreamH5104 — Full Word Study → becomes parchedיֶחֱרַ֥בye·ḥĕ·raḇ — to be desolate, wither, or be destroyedH2717 — Full Word Study → and dryוְיָבֵֽשׁ׃wə·yā·ḇêš — to wither, dry up, or be ashamedH3001 — Full Word Study →, 12so a manוְאִ֥ישׁwə·’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → lies downשָׁכַ֗בšā·ḵaḇ — to lie down, recline, sleepH7901 — Full Word Study → and does notוְֽלֹא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → riseיָ֫ק֥וּםyā·qūm — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study →. Untilעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → the heavensשָׁ֭מַיִםšā·ma·yim — The heavens; sky; dwelling place of GodH8064 — Full Word Study → are no moreבִּלְתִּ֣יbil·tî — without, except, lest, or nothing butH1115 — Full Word Study →, he will notלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → be awakenedיָקִ֑יצוּyā·qî·ṣū — to awake, arise from sleep or inactivityH6974 — Full Word Study → or rousedיֵ֝עֹ֗רוּyê·‘ō·rū — To wake up, rouse, stir up, awakenH5782 — Full Word Study → from sleepמִשְּׁנָתָֽם׃miš·šə·nā·ṯām — sleep; slumber; restH8142 — Full Word Study →. 13If onlyמִ֤יmî — who? what person?H4310 — Full Word Study → You would hide meתַּצְפִּנֵ֗נִיtaṣ·pi·nê·nî — to hide, conceal, treasure up, or keep secretH6845 — Full Word Study → in Sheolבִּשְׁא֬וֹלbiš·’ō·wl — The grave; the abode of the dead; the underworldH7585 — Full Word Study → and conceal meתַּ֭סְתִּירֵנִיtas·tî·rê·nî — To hide, conceal, or keep secretH5641 — Full Word Study → untilעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → Your angerאַפֶּ֑ךָ’ap·pe·ḵā — Anger, wrath, face, or noseH639 — Full Word Study → has passedשׁ֣וּבšūḇ — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study →! If only You would appointתָּ֤שִׁ֥יתtā·šîṯ — to set, place, or appointH7896 — Full Word Study → a timeחֹ֣קḥōq — A statute or decree; an appointed rule or lawH2706 — Full Word Study → for me and then remember meוְתִזְכְּרֵֽנִי׃wə·ṯiz·kə·rê·nî — to remember, recall, or mentionH2142 — Full Word Study →! 14Whenאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → a manגֶּ֗בֶרge·ḇer — Man, mighty man, strong manH1397 — Full Word Study → diesיָמ֥וּתyā·mūṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →, will he live again? Allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the daysיְמֵ֣יyə·mê — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of my hard serviceצְבָאִ֣יṣə·ḇā·’î — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study → I will waitאֲיַחֵ֑ל’ă·ya·ḥêl — To wait; to hope; to expect with patienceH3176 — Full Word Study →, untilעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → my renewalחֲלִיפָתִֽי׃ḥă·lî·p̄ā·ṯî — A change, exchange, or rotation; a shift or turn.H2487 — Full Word Study → comesבּ֝֗וֹאbō·w — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study →. 15You will callתִּ֭קְרָאtiq·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study →, and Iוְאָנֹכִ֣יwə·’ā·nō·ḵî — I, myself (first-person singular pronoun)H595 — Full Word Study → will answerאֶֽעֱנֶ֑ךָּ’e·‘ĕ·ne·kā — To answer, respond, or testifyH6030 — Full Word Study →; You will desireתִכְסֹֽף׃ṯiḵ·sōp̄ — to long for, yearn, desire intenselyH3700 — Full Word Study → the workלְֽמַעֲשֵׂ֖הlə·ma·‘ă·śêh — Work, deed, or actionH4639 — Full Word Study → of Your handsיָדֶ֣יךָyā·ḏe·ḵā — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study →. 16Forכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → thenעַ֭תָּה‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study → You would countתִּסְפּ֑וֹרtis·pō·wr — To count, record, or declareH5608 — Full Word Study → my stepsצְעָדַ֣יṣə·‘ā·ḏay — a step, pace, or measured strideH6806 — Full Word Study →, but would notלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → keep trackתִ֝שְׁמ֗וֹרṯiš·mō·wr — To guard, keep, observe, preserveH8104 — Full Word Study → ofעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → my sinחַטָּאתִֽי׃ḥaṭ·ṭā·ṯî — sin; sin offering; sinfulnessH2403 — Full Word Study →. 17My transgressionפִּשְׁעִ֑יpiš·‘î — Willful rebellion or transgression against God's lawH6588 — Full Word Study → would be sealedחָתֻ֣םḥā·ṯum — to seal, close, or mark with a sealH2856 — Full Word Study → in a bagבִּצְר֣וֹרbiṣ·rō·wr — Bundle, bag, or small parcel; a bound or wrapped packageH6872 — Full Word Study →, and You would coverוַ֝תִּטְפֹּ֗לwat·tiṭ·pōl — to smear, plaster, or devise falsehoodH2950 — Full Word Study → overעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → my iniquityעֲוֺנִֽי׃‘ă·wō·nî — Iniquity, guilt, or moral wrongdoingH5771 — Full Word Study →. 18Butוְ֭אוּלָםwə·’ū·lām — but, however, surely, indeedH199 — Full Word Study → as a mountainהַר־har- — Mountain, hill, or elevated land massH2022 — Full Word Study → erodesנוֹפֵ֣לnō·w·p̄êl — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → and crumblesיִבּ֑וֹלyib·bō·wl — to wilt, fall away, become foolish or vileH5034 — Full Word Study → and a rockוְ֝צ֗וּרwə·ṣūr — Rock; stone; strength; fortressH6697 — Full Word Study → is dislodgedיֶעְתַּ֥קye‘·taq — to remove, depart, or wear awayH6275 — Full Word Study → from its placeמִמְּקֹמֽוֹ׃mim·mə·qō·mōw — A place, location, or spaceH4725 — Full Word Study →, 19as waterמַ֗יִםma·yim — Water; liquid; fluidsH4325 — Full Word Study → wears awayשָׁ֥חֲקוּšā·ḥă·qū — to beat, crush, or grind down by repeated strikingH7833 — Full Word Study → the stonesאֲבָנִ֤ים׀’ă·ḇā·nîm — Stone; rock; precious stoneH68 — Full Word Study → and torrentsסְפִיחֶ֥יהָsə·p̄î·ḥe·hā — Self-sown crop; spontaneous growthH5599 — Full Word Study → wash awayתִּשְׁטֹֽף־tiš·ṭōp̄- — to overflow, flood, or sweep awayH7857 — Full Word Study → the soilעֲפַר־‘ă·p̄ar- — dust; fine particles of earth or ground matterH6083 — Full Word Study →, so You destroyהֶאֱבַֽדְתָּ׃he·’ĕ·ḇaḏ·tā — To perish, be destroyed, or lostH6 — Full Word Study → a man’sאֱנ֣וֹשׁ’ĕ·nō·wōš — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → hopeוְתִקְוַ֖תwə·ṯiq·waṯ — Hope; expectation; cord of attachmentH8615 — Full Word Study →. 20You foreverלָ֭נֶצַחlā·ne·ṣaḥ — perpetual strength; eternal enduranceH5331 — Full Word Study → overpower himתִּתְקְפֵ֣הוּtiṯ·qə·p̄ê·hū — to prevail, overcome, be strong againstH8630 — Full Word Study →, and he passes onוַֽיַּהֲלֹ֑ךְway·ya·hă·lōḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study →; You changeמְשַׁנֶּ֥הmə·šan·neh — To repeat, change, or alter; to do againH8138 — Full Word Study → his countenanceפָ֝נָ֗יוp̄ā·nāw — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → and send him awayוַֽתְּשַׁלְּחֵֽהוּ׃wat·tə·šal·lə·ḥê·hū — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study →. 21If his sonsבָ֭נָיוḇā·nāw — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → receive honorיִכְבְּד֣וּyiḵ·bə·ḏū — to honor, glorify, or make heavy/weightyH3513 — Full Word Study →, he does notוְלֹ֣אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → know itיֵדָ֑עyê·ḏā‘ — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study →; if they are brought lowוְ֝יִצְעֲר֗וּwə·yiṣ·‘ă·rū — to be small, diminished, or brought lowH6819 — Full Word Study →, he is unawareוְֽלֹא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study →. 22He feels onlyאַךְ־’aḵ- — Surely, certainly, only, neverthelessH389 — Full Word Study → the painיִכְאָ֑בyiḵ·’āḇ — to cause pain; to grieve or saddenH3510 — Full Word Study → of his own bodyבְּ֭שָׂרוֹbə·śā·rōw — Flesh; body; meat; human natureH1320 — Full Word Study → and mournsתֶּאֱבָֽל׃פte·’ĕ·ḇāl — To mourn, lament, or grieveH56 — Full Word Study → only forעָלָ֣יו‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → himselfוְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹwə·nap̄·šōw — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study →.”
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Chapter Commentary — Job 14
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

In this chapter, Job moves from defending his innocence to contemplating the brevity and futility of human life in the face of God's judgment. Grappling with profound questions about mortality, divine justice, and the possibility of resurrection, Job expresses both despair about death's finality and a desperate hope for divine mercy. This passage reveals the raw honesty of faith struggling with suffering—a model of lament that does not shy away from hard theological questions, yet ultimately turns toward God rather than away from Him.

Verses 1–5: The Brevity and Frailty of Human Life

Job opens with a meditation on human mortality that echoes throughout Scripture. "Man that is born of a woman is of few days, and full of trouble" (v. 1). This is not cynicism but realism about the human condition since the fall. Job compares our lives to flowers that bloom and wilt, and to shadows that vanish. The point is not that life has no meaning, but that it is fleeting and precarious.

Then Job poses a piercing question to God: "Dost thou open thine eyes upon such an one, and bringest me into judgment with thee?" (v. 3). This reflects Job's bewilderment—why would an eternal God subject a fragile, short-lived creature to such rigorous judgment? Verse 4 adds another layer: "Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one." Here Job acknowledges human sinfulness. We are born with a fallen nature (see Psalm 51:5), so how can we stand guiltless before a holy God?

Yet Job recognizes God's sovereignty in verses 5–6: God has determined the bounds of our days. Job's plea is moving—not for longer life, but simply for respite, that he might "rest, till he shall accomplish, as an hireling, his day." Like a laborer who works his shift, let a man complete his appointed time without added torment.

Application: This section teaches us to hold our earthly existence with humility. Our days are indeed numbered; our strength is limited. This should drive us toward God in repentance and faith, not despair.

Verses 7–12: The Finality of Death

Job draws a striking contrast. A tree, though cut down, may sprout again from its roots (v. 7–9). But man dies differently: "Man dieth, and wasteth away: yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where is he?" (v. 10). Unlike a tree's renewal, human death appears absolute. The metaphor of waters draining from the sea illustrates irreversible loss—"So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens be no more, they shall not awake" (v. 12).

Job is not denying resurrection here (as we see in verses 13–14); he is expressing the apparent permanence of death from a merely human perspective. In his distress, the finality feels crushing.

Application: This honest acknowledgment of death's reality is biblically healthy. It calls us to take eternity seriously and treasure our relationship with Christ, our only hope beyond the grave.

Verses 13–17: A Glimmer of Hope and a Question of Justice

Remarkably, Job then expresses a longing for the grave as temporary refuge: "O that thou wouldest hide me in the grave...until thy wrath be past" (v. 13). He yearns for eventual vindication and remembrance. Then comes the pivotal question: "If a man die, shall he live again?" (v. 14). This is one of Scripture's earliest expressions of hope for resurrection.

Job commits to faith: "All the days of my appointed time will I wait, till my change come." He believes God will call him, and he will answer (v. 15). Yet verses 16–17 return to his anguish—God counts his steps and seals up his transgressions. Job feels both watched over and condemned.

Application: Even in doubt, Job reaches toward God. We, who have Christ's resurrection as our certain hope, should embrace this same determined trust.

Verses 18–22: The Power of God and Human Helplessness

Job concludes by emphasizing God's unstoppable power. Mountains crumble, rocks move, water wears stone (vv. 18–19)—nothing resists divine force. God "prevailest for ever against him" (v. 20), while man passes away. Even a man's children's fortunes matter nothing to him once he is dead (vv. 21–22). His flesh suffers, his soul mourns—but he cannot intervene.

This is Job's lowest point: feeling crushed by God's power and death's isolation.

Application for Today

Job 14 teaches that honest lament before God is not unfaith. Job's questions—about mortality, justice, and resurrection—are *our* questions too. The gospel answers them: Christ has died,

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