Note: Words are shown in their original Greek order, which differs from English translations. This reflects the emphasis and structure of Scripture as originally written. Click any word to see its full lexicon entry.
1 After this I saw another angel descending from heaven with great authority, and the earth was illuminated by his glory.
Μετὰ ταῦτα εἶδον ἄλλον ἄγγελον καταβαίνοντα ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἔχοντα ἐξουσίαν μεγάλην καὶ ἡ γῆ ἐφωτίσθη ἐκ τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing After G3326 Μετὰ μετά metá PREP these things G3778 ταῦτα οὗτος hoûtos D-APN I saw G1492 εἶδον εἴδω eídō V-2AAI-1S another G243 ἄλλον ἄλλος állos A-ASM angel G32 ἄγγελον ἄγγελος ángelos N-ASM descending G2597 καταβαίνοντα καταβαίνω katabaínō V-PAP-ASM out of G1537 ἐκ ek PREP the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSM heaven G3772 οὐρανοῦ οὐρανός ouranós N-GSM having G2192 ἔχοντα ἔχω échō V-PAP-ASM authority G1849 ἐξουσίαν ἐξουσία exousía N-ASF great G3173 μεγάλην μέγας mégas A-ASF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF earth G1093 γῆ gē N-NSF was illuminated G5461 ἐφωτίσθη φωτίζω phōtízō V-API-3S from G1537 ἐκ ek PREP the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF glory G1391 δόξης δόξα dóxa N-GSF of him G846 αὐτοῦ αὐτός autós P-GSM
2 And he cried out in a mighty voice: “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great! She has become a lair for demons and a haunt for every unclean spirit, every unclean bird, and every detestable beast.
καὶ ἔκραξεν ἐν ἰσχυρᾷ φωνῇ λέγων ἔπεσεν ἔπεσεν Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη καὶ ἐγένετο κατοικητήριον δαιμονίων καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς θηρίου ἀκαθάρτου καὶ μεμισημένου
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ he cried out G2896 ἔκραξεν κράζω krázō V-AAI-3S in G1722 ἐν en PREP a mighty G2478 ἰσχυρᾷ ἰσχυρός ischyrós A-DSF voice G5456 φωνῇ φωνή phōnḗ N-DSF saying: G3004 λέγων λέγω légō V-PAP-NSM Fallen G4098 ἔπεσεν πίπτω píptō V-2AAI-3S Fallen is G4098 ἔπεσεν πίπτω píptō V-2AAI-3S Babylon G897 Βαβυλὼν Βαβυλών Babylṓn N-NSF-L the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF great G3173 μεγάλη μέγας mégas A-NSF And G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ she has become G1096 ἐγένετο γίνομαι gínomai V-2ADI-3S a habitation G2732 κατοικητήριον katoikētḗrion N-NSN of demons G1140 δαιμονίων δαιμόνιον daimónion N-GPN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ a prison G5438 φυλακὴ φυλακή phylakḗ N-NSF of every G3956 παντὸς πᾶς pâs A-GSN spirit G4151 πνεύματος πνεῦμα pneûma N-GSN unclean G169 ἀκαθάρτου ἀκάθαρτος akáthartos A-GSN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ a prison G5438 φυλακὴ φυλακή phylakḗ N-NSF of every G3956 παντὸς πᾶς pâs A-GSN bird G3732 ὀρνέου ὄρνεον órneon N-GSN unclean G169 ἀκαθάρτου ἀκάθαρτος akáthartos A-GSN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ a prison G5438 φυλακὴ φυλακή phylakḗ N-NSF of every G3956 παντὸς πᾶς pâs A-GSN creature G2342 θηρίου θηρίον thēríon N-GSN unclean G169 ἀκαθάρτου ἀκάθαρτος akáthartos A-GSN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ hated G3404 μεμισημένου μισέω miséō V-RPP-GSN
3 All the nations have drunk the wine of the passion of her immorality. The kings of the earth were immoral with her, and the merchants of the earth have grown wealthy from the extravagance of her luxury.”
ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ οἴνου τοῦ θυμοῦ τῆς πορνείας αὐτῆς πέπωκαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη καὶ οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς μετ᾽ αὐτῆς ἐπόρνευσαν καὶ οἱ ἔμποροι τῆς γῆς ἐκ τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ στρήνους αὐτῆς ἐπλούτησαν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing For G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ of G1537 ἐκ ek PREP the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSM wine G3631 οἴνου οἶνος oînos N-GSM of the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSM wrath G2372 θυμοῦ θυμός thymós N-GSM of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF sexual immorality G4202 πορνείας πορνεία porneía N-GSF of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF they have drunk G4095 πέπωκαν πίνω pínō V-RAI-3P all G3956 πάντα πᾶς pâs A-NPN the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-NPN nations G1484 ἔθνη ἔθνος éthnos N-NPN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM kings G935 βασιλεῖς βασιλεύς basileús N-NPM of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF earth G1093 γῆς γῆ gē N-GSF with G3326 μετ᾽ μετά metá PREP her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF committed sexual immorality G4203 ἐπόρνευσαν πορνεύω porneúō V-AAI-3P and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM merchants G1713 ἔμποροι ἔμπορος émporos N-NPM of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF earth G1093 γῆς γῆ gē N-GSF through G1537 ἐκ ek PREP the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF power G1411 δυνάμεως δύναμις dýnamis N-GSF of the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSN sensuality G4764 στρήνους στρῆνος strēnos N-GSN of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF be increased with goods G4147 ἐπλούτησαν πλουτέω ploutéō V-AAI-3P
4 Then I heard another voice from heaven say: “Come out of her, My people, so that you will not share in her sins or contract any of her plagues.
Καὶ ἤκουσα ἄλλην φωνὴν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ λέγουσαν ἐξέλθατε ὁ λαός μου ἐξ αὐτῆς ἵνα μὴ συγκοινωνήσητε ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις αὐτῆς καὶ ἐκ τῶν πληγῶν αὐτῆς ἵνα μὴ λάβητε
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 Καὶ καί kaí CONJ I heard G191 ἤκουσα ἀκούω akoúō V-AAI-1S another G243 ἄλλην ἄλλος állos A-ASF voice G5456 φωνὴν φωνή phōnḗ N-ASF from G1537 ἐκ ek PREP the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSM heaven G3772 οὐρανοῦ οὐρανός ouranós N-GSM saying: G3004 λέγουσαν λέγω légō V-PAP-ASF do come G1831 ἐξέλθατε ἐξέρχομαι exérchomai V-2AAM-2P you who [are] G3588 ὁ ho T-VSM people G2992 λαός laós N-VSM of mine G1473 μου ἐγώ egṓ P-1GS from G1537 ἐξ ἐκ ek PREP her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF so that G2443 ἵνα hína CONJ not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N you may have fellowship G4790 συγκοινωνήσητε συγκοινωνέω synkoinōnéō V-AAS-2P in the G3588 ταῖς ὁ ho T-DPF sins G266 ἁμαρτίαις ἁμαρτία hamartía N-DPF of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of G1537 ἐκ ek PREP the G3588 τῶν ὁ ho T-GPF plagues G4127 πληγῶν πληγή plēgḗ N-GPF of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF so that G2443 ἵνα hína CONJ not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N you may receive G2983 λάβητε λαμβάνω lambánō V-2AAS-2P
5 For her sins are piled up to heaven, and God has remembered her iniquities.
ὅτι ἐκολλήθησαν αὐτῆς αἱ ἁμαρτίαι ἄχρι τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἐμνημόνευσεν ὁ θεὸς τὰ ἀδικήματα αὐτῆς
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing For G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ they were heaped G2853 ἐκολλήθησαν κολλάω kolláō V-API-3P in her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF the G3588 αἱ ὁ ho T-NPF sins G266 ἁμαρτίαι ἁμαρτία hamartía N-NPF as high as G891 ἄχρι áchri PREP the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSM heaven G3772 οὐρανοῦ οὐρανός ouranós N-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ has remembered G3421 ἐμνημόνευσεν μνημονεύω mnēmoneúō V-AAI-3S the G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM God G2316 θεὸς θεός theós N-NSM the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-APN iniquities G92 ἀδικήματα ἀδίκημα adíkēma N-APN of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF
6 Give back to her as she has done to others; pay her back double for what she has done; mix her a double portion in her own cup.
ἀπόδοτε αὐτῇ ὡς καὶ αὐτὴ ἀπέδωκεν καὶ διπλώσατε τὰ διπλᾶ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῆς ἐν τῷ ποτηρίῳ ᾧ ἐκέρασεν κεράσατε αὐτῇ διπλοῦν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing do give back G591 ἀπόδοτε ἀποδίδωμι apodídōmi V-2AAM-2P to her G846 αὐτῇ αὐτός autós P-DSF as G5613 ὡς hōs CONJ also G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ she G846 αὐτὴ αὐτός autós P-NSF has rendered G591 ἀπέδωκεν ἀποδίδωμι apodídōmi V-2AAI-3S and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ do pay back double G1363 διπλώσατε διπλόω diplóō V-AAM-2P the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-APN twofold G1362 διπλᾶ διπλοῦς diploûs A-APN according to G2596 κατὰ κατά katá PREP the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-APN works G2041 ἔργα ἔργον érgon N-APN of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF In G1722 ἐν en PREP the G3588 τῷ ὁ ho T-DSN cup G4221 ποτηρίῳ ποτήριον potḗrion N-DSN which G3739 ᾧ ὅς hós R-DSN she has mixed G2767 ἐκέρασεν κεράννυμι keránnymi V-AAI-3S do mix G2767 κεράσατε κεράννυμι keránnymi V-AAM-2P to her G846 αὐτῇ αὐτός autós P-DSF double G1362 διπλοῦν διπλοῦς diploûs A-ASN
7 As much as she has glorified herself and lived in luxury, give her the same measure of torment and grief. In her heart she says, ‘I sit as queen; I am not a widow and will never see grief.’
ὅσα ἐδόξασεν αὐτὴν καὶ ἐστρηνίασεν τοσοῦτον δότε αὐτῇ βασανισμὸν καὶ πένθος ὅτι ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτῆς λέγει ὅτι κάθημαι βασίλισσα καὶ χήρα οὐκ εἰμὶ καὶ πένθος οὐ μὴ ἴδω
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing So much as G3745 ὅσα ὅσος hósos K-APN she has glorified G1392 ἐδόξασεν δοξάζω doxázō V-AAI-3S herself G1438 αὐτὴν ἑαυτοῦ heautoû F-3ASF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ lived in luxury G4763 ἐστρηνίασεν στρηνιάω strēniáō V-AAI-3S so much G5118 τοσοῦτον τοσοῦτος tosoûtos D-ASM do give G1325 δότε δίδωμι dídōmi V-2AAM-2P to her G846 αὐτῇ αὐτός autós P-DSF torment G929 βασανισμὸν βασανισμός basanismós N-ASM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ misery G3997 πένθος pénthos N-ASN because G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ in G1722 ἐν en PREP the G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF heart G2588 καρδίᾳ καρδία kardía N-DSF of herself G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF she says G3004 λέγει λέγω légō V-PAI-3S that G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ I sit G2521 κάθημαι káthēmai V-PNI-1S [as] a queen G938 βασίλισσα basílissa N-NSF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ a widow G5503 χήρα chḗra A-NSF never G3756 οὐκ οὐ ou PRT-N I am G1510 εἰμὶ εἰμί eimí V-PAI-1S and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ mourning G3997 πένθος pénthos N-ASN certainly G3756 οὐ ou PRT-N not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N be aware G1492 ἴδω εἴδω eídō V-2AAS-1S
8 Therefore her plagues will come in one day— death and grief and famine— and she will be consumed by fire, for mighty is the Lord God who judges her.”
διὰ τοῦτο ἐν μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ ἥξουσιν αἱ πληγαὶ αὐτῆς θάνατος καὶ πένθος καὶ λιμός καὶ ἐν πυρὶ κατακαυθήσεται ὅτι ἰσχυρὸς κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ κρίνας αὐτήν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Because of G1223 διὰ διά diá PREP this G3778 τοῦτο οὗτος hoûtos D-ASN in G1722 ἐν en PREP one G1520 μιᾷ εἷς heîs A-DSF day G2250 ἡμέρᾳ ἡμέρα hēméra N-DSF will come G2240 ἥξουσιν ἥκω hḗkō V-FAI-3P the G3588 αἱ ὁ ho T-NPF plagues G4127 πληγαὶ πληγή plēgḗ N-NPF of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF death G2288 θάνατος thánatos N-NSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ misery G3997 πένθος pénthos N-NSN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ famine G3042 λιμός limós N-NSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ with G1722 ἐν en PREP fire G4442 πυρὶ πῦρ pŷr N-DSN she will be burned up G2618 κατακαυθήσεται κατακαίω katakaíō V-FPI-3S because G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ mighty [is the] G2478 ἰσχυρὸς ἰσχυρός ischyrós A-NSM Lord G2962 κύριος kýrios N-NSM the G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM God G2316 θεὸς θεός theós N-NSM the [One] G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM having judged G2919 κρίνας κρίνω krínō V-AAP-NSM her G846 αὐτήν αὐτός autós P-ASF
9 Then the kings of the earth who committed sexual immorality and lived in luxury with her will weep and wail at the sight of the smoke rising from the fire that consumes her.
Καὶ κλαύσουσιν καὶ κόψονται ἐπ᾽ αὐτὴν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς οἱ μετ᾽ αὐτῆς πορνεύσαντες καὶ στρηνιάσαντες ὅταν βλέπωσιν τὸν καπνὸν τῆς πυρώσεως αὐτῆς
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 Καὶ καί kaí CONJ they will weep G2799 κλαύσουσιν κλαίω klaíō V-FAI-3P and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ they will wail G2875 κόψονται κόπτω kóptō V-FDI-3P for G1909 ἐπ᾽ ἐπί epí PREP her G846 αὐτὴν αὐτός autós P-ASF the G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM kings G935 βασιλεῖς βασιλεύς basileús N-NPM of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF earth G1093 γῆς γῆ gē N-GSF the [ones who] G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM with G3326 μετ᾽ μετά metá PREP her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF having committed sexual immorality G4203 πορνεύσαντες πορνεύω porneúō V-AAP-NPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ having lived luxuriously G4763 στρηνιάσαντες στρηνιάω strēniáō V-AAP-NPM when G3752 ὅταν hótan CONJ they may see G991 βλέπωσιν βλέπω blépō V-PAS-3P the G3588 τὸν ὁ ho T-ASM smoke G2586 καπνὸν καπνός kapnós N-ASM of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF burning G4451 πυρώσεως πύρωσις pýrōsis N-GSF of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF
10 In fear of her torment, they will stand at a distance and cry out: “Woe, woe to the great city, the mighty city of Babylon! For in a single hour your judgment has come.”
ἀπὸ μακρόθεν ἑστηκότες διὰ τὸν φόβον τοῦ βασανισμοῦ αὐτῆς λέγοντες οὐαὶ οὐαί ἡ πόλις ἡ μεγάλη Βαβυλὼν ἡ πόλις ἡ ἰσχυρά ὅτι μιᾷ ὥρᾳ ἦλθεν ἡ κρίσις σου
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing from G575 ἀπὸ ἀπό apó PREP afar G3113 μακρόθεν makróthen ADV standing G2476 ἑστηκότες ἵστημι hístēmi V-RAP-NPM because of G1223 διὰ διά diá PREP the G3588 τὸν ὁ ho T-ASM fear G5401 φόβον φόβος phóbos N-ASM of the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSM torment G929 βασανισμοῦ βασανισμός basanismós N-GSM of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF saying: G3004 λέγοντες λέγω légō V-PAP-NPM Woe G3759 οὐαὶ οὐαί ouaí INJ woe G3759 οὐαί ouaí INJ you who [are] the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-VSF city G4172 πόλις pólis N-VSF the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-VSF great G3173 μεγάλη μέγας mégas A-VSF Babylon G897 Βαβυλὼν Βαβυλών Babylṓn N-VSF-L the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-VSF city G4172 πόλις pólis N-VSF the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-VSF strong! G2478 ἰσχυρά ἰσχυρός ischyrós A-VSF For G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ one G1520 μιᾷ εἷς heîs A-DSF hour G5610 ὥρᾳ ὥρα hṓra N-DSF has come G2064 ἦλθεν ἔρχομαι érchomai V-2AAI-3S the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF judgment G2920 κρίσις krísis N-NSF of you G4771 σου σύ sý P-2GS
11 And the merchants of the earth will weep and mourn over her, because there is no one left to buy their cargo—
Καὶ οἱ ἔμποροι τῆς γῆς κλαίουσιν καὶ πενθοῦσιν ἐπ᾽ αὐτήν ὅτι τὸν γόμον αὐτῶν οὐδεὶς ἀγοράζει οὐκέτι
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 Καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM merchants G1713 ἔμποροι ἔμπορος émporos N-NPM of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF earth G1093 γῆς γῆ gē N-GSF weep G2799 κλαίουσιν κλαίω klaíō V-PAI-3P and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ they mourn G3996 πενθοῦσιν πενθέω penthéō V-PAI-3P for G1909 ἐπ᾽ ἐπί epí PREP her G846 αὐτήν αὐτός autós P-ASF because G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ the G3588 τὸν ὁ ho T-ASM cargo G1117 γόμον γόμος gómos N-ASM of them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM no [one] G3762 οὐδεὶς οὐδείς oudeís A-NSM buys G59 ἀγοράζει ἀγοράζω agorázō V-PAI-3S no longer G3765 οὐκέτι oukéti ADV
12 cargo of gold, silver, precious stones, and pearls; of fine linen, purple, silk, and scarlet; of all kinds of citron wood and every article of ivory, precious wood, bronze, iron, and marble;
γόμον χρυσοῦ καὶ ἀργύρου καὶ λίθου τιμίου καὶ μαργαριτῶν καὶ βυσσίνου καὶ πορφύρας καὶ σιρικοῦ καὶ κοκκίνου καὶ πᾶν ξύλον θύϊνον καὶ πᾶν σκεῦος ἐλεφάντινον καὶ πᾶν σκεῦος ἐκ ξύλου τιμιωτάτου καὶ χαλκοῦ καὶ σιδήρου καὶ μαρμάρου
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing cargo G1117 γόμον γόμος gómos N-ASM of gold G5557 χρυσοῦ χρυσός chrysós N-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of silver G696 ἀργύρου ἄργυρος árgyros N-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of stone G3037 λίθου λίθος líthos N-GSM precious G5093 τιμίου τίμιος tímios A-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of pearls G3135 μαργαριτῶν μαργαρίτης margarítēs N-GPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of fine linen [things] G1039 βυσσίνου βύσσινος býssinos A-GSN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of purple cloth G4209 πορφύρας πορφύρα porphýra N-GSF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of silk G4596 σιρικοῦ σηρικός sērikós A-GSN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of scarlet G2847 κοκκίνου κόκκινος kókkinos A-GSN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ all G3956 πᾶν πᾶς pâs A-ASN wood G3586 ξύλον xýlon N-ASN citron G2367 θύϊνον θύϊνος thýïnos A-ASN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ every G3956 πᾶν πᾶς pâs A-ASN article G4632 σκεῦος skeûos N-ASN of ivory G1661 ἐλεφάντινον ἐλεφάντινος elephántinos A-ASN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ every G3956 πᾶν πᾶς pâs A-ASN article G4632 σκεῦος skeûos N-ASN of G1537 ἐκ ek PREP wood G3586 ξύλου ξύλον xýlon N-GSN most precious G5093 τιμιωτάτου τίμιος tímios A-GSN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of bronze G5475 χαλκοῦ χαλκός chalkós N-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of iron G4604 σιδήρου σίδηρος sídēros N-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of marble G3139 μαρμάρου μάρμαρος mármaros N-GSM
13 of cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, and frankincense; of wine, olive oil, fine flour, and wheat; of cattle, sheep, horses, and chariots; of slaves and souls of men.
καὶ κιννάμωμον καὶ ἄμωμον καὶ θυμιάματα καὶ μύρον καὶ λίβανον καὶ οἶνον καὶ ἔλαιον καὶ σεμίδαλιν καὶ σῖτον καὶ κτήνη καὶ πρόβατα καὶ ἵππων καὶ ῥεδῶν καὶ σωμάτων καὶ ψυχὰς ἀνθρώπων
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ cinnamon G2792 κιννάμωμον κινάμωμον kinámōmon N-ASN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ spice G299 ἄμωμον ἄμωμος ámōmos A-ASN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ incense G2368 θυμιάματα θυμίαμα thymíama N-APN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ myrrh G3464 μύρον mýron N-ASN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ frankincense G3030 λίβανον λίβανος líbanos N-ASM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ wine G3631 οἶνον οἶνος oînos N-ASM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ oil G1637 ἔλαιον élaion N-ASN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ finest flour G4585 σεμίδαλιν σεμίδαλις semídalis N-ASF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ wheat G4621 σῖτον σῖτος sîtos N-ASM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ cattle G2934 κτήνη κτῆνος ktēnos N-APN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ sheep G4263 πρόβατα πρόβατον próbaton N-APN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of horses G2462 ἵππων ἵππος híppos N-GPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of chariots G4480 ῥεδῶν ῥέδα rhéda N-GPF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of slaves G4983 σωμάτων σῶμα sōma N-GPN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ souls G5590 ψυχὰς ψυχή psychḗ N-APF of men G444 ἀνθρώπων ἄνθρωπος ánthrōpos N-GPM
14 And they will say: “The fruit of your soul’s desire has departed from you; all your luxury and splendor have vanished, never to be seen again.”
καὶ ἡ ὀπώρα σου τῆς ἐπιθυμίας τῆς ψυχῆς ἀπῆλθεν ἀπὸ σοῦ καὶ πάντα τὰ λιπαρὰ καὶ τὰ λαμπρὰ ἀπώλετο ἀπὸ σοῦ καὶ οὐκέτι οὐ μὴ αὐτὰ εὑρήσουσιν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF ripe fruit G3703 ὀπώρα opṓra N-NSF of you G4771 σου σύ sý P-2GS of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF desire G1939 ἐπιθυμίας ἐπιθυμία epithymía N-GSF of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF soul G5590 ψυχῆς ψυχή psychḗ N-GSF are departed G565 ἀπῆλθεν ἀπέρχομαι apérchomai V-2AAI-3S from G575 ἀπὸ ἀπό apó PREP you G4771 σοῦ σύ sý P-2GS and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ all G3956 πάντα πᾶς pâs A-NPN the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-NPN sumptuous things G3045 λιπαρὰ λιπαρός liparós A-NPN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-NPN splendid things G2986 λαμπρὰ λαμπρός lamprós A-NPN were destroyed G622 ἀπώλετο ἀπόλλυμι apóllymi V-2AMI-3S from G575 ἀπὸ ἀπό apó PREP you G4771 σοῦ σύ sý P-2GS and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ no longer G3765 οὐκέτι oukéti ADV certainly G3756 οὐ ou PRT-N not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N them G846 αὐτὰ αὐτός autós P-APN they will find G2147 εὑρήσουσιν εὑρίσκω heurískō V-FAI-3P
15 The merchants who sold these things and grew their wealth from her will stand at a distance, in fear of her torment. They will weep and mourn,
Οἱ ἔμποροι τούτων οἱ πλουτήσαντες ἀπ᾽ αὐτῆς ἀπὸ μακρόθεν στήσονται διὰ τὸν φόβον τοῦ βασανισμοῦ αὐτῆς κλαίοντες καὶ πενθοῦντες
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing The G3588 Οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM merchants G1713 ἔμποροι ἔμπορος émporos N-NPM of these things G3778 τούτων οὗτος hoûtos D-GPN which G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM having been enriched G4147 πλουτήσαντες πλουτέω ploutéō V-AAP-NPM from G575 ἀπ᾽ ἀπό apó PREP her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF from G575 ἀπὸ ἀπό apó PREP afar G3113 μακρόθεν makróthen ADV will stand G2476 στήσονται ἵστημι hístēmi V-FDI-3P because of G1223 διὰ διά diá PREP the G3588 τὸν ὁ ho T-ASM fear G5401 φόβον φόβος phóbos N-ASM of the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSM torment G929 βασανισμοῦ βασανισμός basanismós N-GSM of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF weeping G2799 κλαίοντες κλαίω klaíō V-PAP-NPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ mourning G3996 πενθοῦντες πενθέω penthéō V-PAP-NPM
16 saying: “Woe, woe to the great city, clothed in fine linen and purple and scarlet, adorned with gold and precious stones and pearls!
λέγοντες οὐαὶ οὐαί ἡ πόλις ἡ μεγάλη ἡ περιβεβλημένη βύσσινον καὶ πορφυροῦν καὶ κόκκινον καὶ κεχρυσωμένη ἐν χρυσίῳ καὶ λίθῳ τιμίῳ καὶ μαργαρίτῃ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing saying: G3004 λέγοντες λέγω légō V-PAP-NPM Woe G3759 οὐαὶ οὐαί ouaí INJ woe G3759 οὐαί ouaí INJ you who [are] the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-VSF city G4172 πόλις pólis N-VSF the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-VSF great G3173 μεγάλη μέγας mégas A-VSF which G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-VSF having been clothed with G4016 περιβεβλημένη περιβάλλω peribállō V-REP-VSF fine linen G1039 βύσσινον βύσσινος býssinos A-ASN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ purple G4210 πορφυροῦν πορφυροῦς porphyroûs A-ASN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ scarlet G2847 κόκκινον κόκκινος kókkinos A-ASN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ adorned G5558 κεχρυσωμένη χρυσόω chrysóō V-RPP-VSF with G1722 ἐν en PREP gold [things] G5553 χρυσίῳ χρυσίον chrysíon N-DSN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ with stone G3037 λίθῳ λίθος líthos N-DSM precious G5093 τιμίῳ τίμιος tímios A-DSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ with pearl! G3135 μαργαρίτῃ μαργαρίτης margarítēs N-DSM
17 For in a single hour such fabulous wealth has been destroyed!” Every shipmaster, passenger, and sailor, and all who make their living from the sea, will stand at a distance
ὅτι μιᾷ ὥρᾳ ἠρημώθη ὁ τοσοῦτος πλοῦτος Καὶ πᾶς κυβερνήτης καὶ πᾶς ὁ ἐπὶ τόπον πλέων καὶ ναῦται καὶ ὅσοι τὴν θάλασσαν ἐργάζονται ἀπὸ μακρόθεν ἔστησαν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Since G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ in one G1520 μιᾷ εἷς heîs A-DSF hour G5610 ὥρᾳ ὥρα hṓra N-DSF has been brought to desolation G2049 ἠρημώθη ἐρημόω erēmóō V-API-3S the G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM so great G5118 τοσοῦτος tosoûtos D-NSM riches G4149 πλοῦτος ploûtos N-NSM And G2532 Καὶ καί kaí CONJ every G3956 πᾶς pâs A-NSM shipmaster G2942 κυβερνήτης kybernḗtēs N-NSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ every G3956 πᾶς pâs A-NSM [one] who G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM on G1909 ἐπὶ ἐπί epí PREP a place G5117 τόπον τόπος tópos N-ASM sailing G4126 πλέων πλέω pléō V-PAP-NSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ sailors G3492 ναῦται ναύτης naútēs N-NPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ as many as G3745 ὅσοι ὅσος hósos K-NPM the G3588 τὴν ὁ ho T-ASF sea G2281 θάλασσαν θάλασσα thálassa N-ASF trade by G2038 ἐργάζονται ἐργάζομαι ergázomai V-PNI-3P at G575 ἀπὸ ἀπό apó PREP a distance G3113 μακρόθεν makróthen ADV stood G2476 ἔστησαν ἵστημι hístēmi V-2AAI-3P
18 and cry out at the sight of the smoke rising from the fire that consumes her. “What city was ever like this great city?” they will exclaim.
καὶ ἔκραζον βλέποντες τὸν καπνὸν τῆς πυρώσεως αὐτῆς λέγοντες τίς ὁμοία τῇ πόλει τῇ μεγάλῃ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ were crying out G2896 ἔκραζον κράζω krázō V-IAI-3P seeing G991 βλέποντες βλέπω blépō V-PAP-NPM the G3588 τὸν ὁ ho T-ASM smoke G2586 καπνὸν καπνός kapnós N-ASM of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF burning G4451 πυρώσεως πύρωσις pýrōsis N-GSF of her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF saying G3004 λέγοντες λέγω légō V-PAP-NPM What [is] G5101 τίς tís I-NSF like G3664 ὁμοία ὅμοιος hómoios A-NSF as the G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF city G4172 πόλει πόλις pólis N-DSF the G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF great? G3173 μεγάλῃ μέγας mégas A-DSF
19 Then they will throw dust on their heads as they weep and mourn and cry out: “Woe, woe to the great city, where all who had ships on the sea were enriched by her wealth! For in a single hour she has been destroyed.”
καὶ ἔβαλον χοῦν ἐπὶ τὰς κεφαλὰς αὐτῶν καὶ ἔκραζον κλαίοντες καὶ πενθοῦντες λέγοντες οὐαὶ οὐαί ἡ πόλις ἡ μεγάλη ἐν ᾗ ἐπλούτησαν πάντες οἱ ἔχοντες τὰ πλοῖα ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ ἐκ τῆς τιμιότητος αὐτῆς ὅτι μιᾷ ὥρᾳ ἠρημώθη
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ they cast G906 ἔβαλον βάλλω bállō V-2AAI-3P dust G5522 χοῦν χόος chóos N-ASM upon G1909 ἐπὶ ἐπί epí PREP the G3588 τὰς ὁ ho T-APF heads G2776 κεφαλὰς κεφαλή kephalḗ N-APF of them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ they were crying out G2896 ἔκραζον κράζω krázō V-IAI-3P weeping G2799 κλαίοντες κλαίω klaíō V-PAP-NPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ mourning G3996 πενθοῦντες πενθέω penthéō V-PAP-NPM saying: G3004 λέγοντες λέγω légō V-PAP-NPM Woe G3759 οὐαὶ οὐαί ouaí INJ woe G3759 οὐαί ouaí INJ the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF city G4172 πόλις pólis N-NSF the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF great G3173 μεγάλη μέγας mégas A-NSF in G1722 ἐν en PREP which G3739 ᾗ ὅς hós R-DSF were enriched G4147 ἐπλούτησαν πλουτέω ploutéō V-AAI-3P all G3956 πάντες πᾶς pâs A-NPM those G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM having G2192 ἔχοντες ἔχω échō V-PAP-NPM the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-APN ships G4143 πλοῖα πλοῖον ploîon N-APN in G1722 ἐν en PREP the G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF sea G2281 θαλάσσῃ θάλασσα thálassa N-DSF through G1537 ἐκ ek PREP the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF wealth G5094 τιμιότητος τιμιότης timiótēs N-GSF of her! G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF Since G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ in one G1520 μιᾷ εἷς heîs A-DSF hour G5610 ὥρᾳ ὥρα hṓra N-DSF she has been desolated G2049 ἠρημώθη ἐρημόω erēmóō V-API-3S
20 Rejoice over her, O heaven, O saints and apostles and prophets, because God has pronounced for you His judgment against her.
Εὐφραίνου ἐπ᾽ αὐτῇ οὐρανὲ καὶ οἱ ἅγιοι καὶ οἱ ἀπόστολοι καὶ οἱ προφῆται ὅτι ἔκρινεν ὁ θεὸς τὸ κρίμα ὑμῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing do rejoice G2165 Εὐφραίνου εὐφραίνω euphraínō V-PPM-2S over G1909 ἐπ᾽ ἐπί epí PREP her G846 αὐτῇ αὐτός autós P-DSF O heaven G3772 οὐρανὲ οὐρανός ouranós N-VSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ you G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-VPM saints G40 ἅγιοι ἅγιος hágios A-VPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ you G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-VPM apostles G652 ἀπόστολοι ἀπόστολος apóstolos N-VPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ you G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-VPM prophets G4396 προφῆται προφήτης prophḗtēs N-VPM because G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ did judge G2919 ἔκρινεν κρίνω krínō V-AAI-3S the G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM God G2316 θεὸς θεός theós N-NSM the G3588 τὸ ὁ ho T-ASN judgment G2917 κρίμα kríma N-ASN for you G4771 ὑμῶν σύ sý P-2GP against G1537 ἐξ ἐκ ek PREP her G846 αὐτῆς αὐτός autós P-GSF
21 Then a mighty angel picked up a stone the size of a great millstone and cast it into the sea, saying: “With such violence the great city of Babylon will be cast down, never to be seen again.
Καὶ ἦρεν εἷς ἄγγελος ἰσχυρὸς λίθον ὡς μύλινον μέγαν καὶ ἔβαλεν εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν λέγων οὕτως ὁρμήματι βληθήσεται Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη πόλις καὶ οὐ μὴ εὑρεθῇ ἔτι
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 Καὶ καί kaí CONJ took up G142 ἦρεν αἴρω aírō V-AAI-3S one G1520 εἷς heîs A-NSM angel G32 ἄγγελος ángelos N-NSM a mighty G2478 ἰσχυρὸς ἰσχυρός ischyrós A-NSM stone G3037 λίθον λίθος líthos N-ASM like G5613 ὡς hōs CONJ a millstone G6061 μύλινον A-ASM great G3173 μέγαν μέγας mégas A-ASM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ cast [it] G906 ἔβαλεν βάλλω bállō V-2AAI-3S into G1519 εἰς eis PREP the G3588 τὴν ὁ ho T-ASF sea G2281 θάλασσαν θάλασσα thálassa N-ASF saying: G3004 λέγων λέγω légō V-PAP-NSM Thus G3779 οὕτως οὕτω hoútō ADV with violence G3731 ὁρμήματι ὅρμημα hórmēma N-DSN will be cast down G906 βληθήσεται βάλλω bállō V-FPI-3S Babylon G897 Βαβυλὼν Βαβυλών Babylṓn N-NSF-L the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF great G3173 μεγάλη μέγας mégas A-NSF city G4172 πόλις pólis N-NSF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ certainly G3756 οὐ ou PRT-N not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N may be found G2147 εὑρεθῇ εὑρίσκω heurískō V-APS-3S any longer G2089 ἔτι éti ADV
22 And the sound of harpists and musicians, of flute players and trumpeters, will never ring out in you again. Nor will any craftsmen of any trade be found in you again, nor the sound of a millstone be heard in you again.
καὶ φωνὴ κιθαρῳδῶν καὶ μουσικῶν καὶ αὐλητῶν καὶ σαλπιστῶν οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι καὶ πᾶς τεχνίτης πάσης τέχνης οὐ μὴ εὑρεθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι καὶ φωνὴ μύλου οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ sound G5456 φωνὴ φωνή phōnḗ N-NSF of harpists G2790 κιθαρῳδῶν κιθαρῳδός kitharōidós N-GPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ musicians G3451 μουσικῶν μουσικός mousikós A-GPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ flute players G834 αὐλητῶν αὐλητής aulētḗs N-GPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ trumpeters G4538 σαλπιστῶν σαλπιστής salpistḗs N-GPM certainly G3756 οὐ ou PRT-N not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N may be heard G191 ἀκουσθῇ ἀκούω akoúō V-APS-3S in G1722 ἐν en PREP you G4771 σοὶ σύ sý P-2DS any longer G2089 ἔτι éti ADV And G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ any G3956 πᾶς pâs A-NSM craftsmen G5079 τεχνίτης technítēs N-NSM of any G3956 πάσης πᾶς pâs A-GSF craft G5078 τέχνης τέχνη téchnē N-GSF certainly G3756 οὐ ou PRT-N not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N may be found G2147 εὑρεθῇ εὑρίσκω heurískō V-APS-3S in G1722 ἐν en PREP you G4771 σοὶ σύ sý P-2DS any longer G2089 ἔτι éti ADV and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ [the] sound G5456 φωνὴ φωνή phōnḗ N-NSF of a millstone G3458 μύλου μύλος mýlos N-GSM certainly G3756 οὐ ou PRT-N not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N may be heard G191 ἀκουσθῇ ἀκούω akoúō V-APS-3S in G1722 ἐν en PREP you G4771 σοὶ σύ sý P-2DS any longer G2089 ἔτι éti ADV
23 The light of a lamp will never shine in you again, and the voices of a bride and bridegroom will never call out in you again. For your merchants were the great ones of the earth, because all the nations were deceived by your sorcery.”
καὶ φῶς λύχνου οὐ μὴ φάνῃ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι καὶ φωνὴ νυμφίου καὶ νύμφης οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι ὅτι οἱ ἔμποροί σου ἦσαν οἱ μεγιστᾶνες τῆς γῆς ὅτι ἐν τῇ φαρμακείᾳ σου ἐπλανήθησαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ [the] light G5457 φῶς phōs N-NSN of lamp G3088 λύχνου λύχνος lýchnos N-GSM certainly G3756 οὐ ou PRT-N not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N may shine G5316 φάνῃ φαίνω phaínō V-2AAS-3S in G1722 ἐν en PREP you G4771 σοὶ σύ sý P-2DS any longer G2089 ἔτι éti ADV and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ [the] voice G5456 φωνὴ φωνή phōnḗ N-NSF of a bridegroom G3566 νυμφίου νυμφίος nymphíos N-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ a bride G3565 νύμφης νύμφη nýmphē N-GSF certainly G3756 οὐ ou PRT-N not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N may be heard G191 ἀκουσθῇ ἀκούω akoúō V-APS-3S in G1722 ἐν en PREP you G4771 σοὶ σύ sý P-2DS any longer G2089 ἔτι éti ADV for G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ the G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM merchants G1713 ἔμποροί ἔμπορος émporos N-NPM of you G4771 σου σύ sý P-2GS were G1510 ἦσαν εἰμί eimí V-IAI-3P the G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM great ones G3175 μεγιστᾶνες megistânes N-NPM of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF earth G1093 γῆς γῆ gē N-GSF because G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ by G1722 ἐν en PREP the G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF sorcery G5331 φαρμακείᾳ φαρμακεία pharmakeía N-DSF of you G4771 σου σύ sý P-2GS were deceived G4105 ἐπλανήθησαν πλανάω planáō V-API-3P all G3956 πάντα πᾶς pâs A-NPN the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-NPN nations G1484 ἔθνη ἔθνος éthnos N-NPN
24 And there was found in her the blood of prophets and saints, and of all who had been slain on the earth.
καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ αἷμα προφητῶν καὶ ἁγίων εὑρέθη καὶ πάντων τῶν ἐσφαγμένων ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ in G1722 ἐν en PREP her G846 αὐτῇ αὐτός autós P-DSF [the] blood G129 αἷμα haîma N-NSN of prophets G4396 προφητῶν προφήτης prophḗtēs N-GPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of saints G40 ἁγίων ἅγιος hágios A-GPM was found G2147 εὑρέθη εὑρίσκω heurískō V-API-3S and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of all G3956 πάντων πᾶς pâs A-GPM those G3588 τῶν ὁ ho T-GPM slain G4969 ἐσφαγμένων σφάζω spházō V-RPP-GPM on G1909 ἐπὶ ἐπί epí PREP the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF country G1093 γῆς γῆ gē N-GSF
Revelation 19
Study Notes — Revelation 18
5 sectionsRevelation 18 presents the final and catastrophic fall of Babylon, the great city that has dominated the world system opposed to God. This chapter dramatizes the complete and sudden destruction of all that worldly power and commercial wealth represent—a sobering reminder that earthly kingdoms built on rebellion against God cannot endure. Through vivid imagery of weeping merchants, burning cities, and silenced celebrations, John shows us that God's justice is certain, His judgment is swift, and His people are called to separation from the systems of this world. The chapter culminates in a call to rejoice, for God has vindicated His suffering saints.
An angel of tremendous power descends from heaven, illuminating the earth with his glory as he announces the fall of Babylon. The repetition "is fallen, is fallen" (v. 2) emphasizes the certainty and completeness of this judgment. Babylon has become a dwelling place for demons and unclean spirits—a vivid picture of spiritual desolation. The "wine of her fornication" (v. 3) refers to the intoxicating influence of her idolatry and rebellion, which has seduced the nations and enriched her merchants through commerce and compromise with worldly systems. Yet verse 4 reveals God's heart of mercy: a heavenly voice calls God's people to come out of her and separate themselves, lest they share in her plagues. Her sins have accumulated before God's throne, and He has remembered her iniquities. The imagery shows that God is neither indifferent nor slow; He keeps a perfect account of wickedness.
The principle of divine retaliation appears here: as Babylon has glorified herself and lived in luxury and pleasure, so shall she receive torment and sorrow in equal measure. Her boastful claim—"I sit a queen...and shall see no sorrow" (v. 7)—reveals her arrogance and false sense of security. But in one day, suddenly and completely, her plagues arrive: death, mourning, famine, and fire consume her. The assurance that "strong is the Lord God who judgeth her" (v. 8) anchors this judgment in God's unquestionable sovereignty and power. There is both comfort and warning here: comfort for the oppressed, and warning for those who build confidence in worldly systems.
The kings, merchants, and seafarers who prospered through Babylon's system stand at a distance, mourning her destruction in one hour. Their repeated lament—"Alas, alas, that great city!"—contrasts sharply with their former complicity. The detailed inventory of merchandise (vv. 12–13) reveals the materialism and sensuality that sustained her: fine fabrics, jewels, spices, wine, and tragically, even "slaves, and souls of men." These merchants weep not from moral conviction but from economic loss. Their torment mirrors her own: they who enriched themselves through her now watch helplessly as all their treasures vanish.
Heaven is called to rejoice because God has avenged His apostles and prophets against her. A mighty angel symbolically casts Babylon into the sea like a millstone—suggesting permanent, irreversible destruction. Every sign of life, culture, and joy—music, craftsmanship, light, and celebration—ceases forever. The silence that follows emphasizes total obliteration. Verse 23 reveals her ultimate sin: by sorceries (spiritual deception) she deceived all nations, and in her was found the blood of all the martyrs and saints slain on earth. She stands guilty not merely of commerce or pride, but of persecution and murder of God's people.
Babylon represents any system—political, commercial, or cultural—built on rebellion against God and the exploitation of others. Christians are called to refuse entanglement with worldly systems that contradict Scripture, to guard our hearts against materialism and pride, and to trust that God's justice is certain. Our security rests not in earthly wealth or influence, but in Christ alone and our eternal citizenship in His kingdom.