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1 Peter 5

BSB·14 verses ·New Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1As a fellow elderσυμπρεσβύτεροςsympresbyteros — fellow elder; co-elderG4850 — Full Word Study →, a witnessμάρτυςmartys — One who testifies or bears witness; martyrG3144 — Full Word Study → ofτῶνtōn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → Christ’sΧριστοῦChristou — The Anointed OneG5547 — Full Word Study → sufferingsπαθημάτωνpathēmatōn — suffering, affliction, hardshipG3804 — Full Word Study →, andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → a partakerκοινωνόςkoinōnos — Partner; sharer in common participationG2844 — Full Word Study → of theτῆςtēs — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → gloryδόξηςdoxēs — Radiant honor, splendor, or divine brightnessG1391 — Full Word Study → to be revealedἀποκαλύπτεσθαιapokalyptesthai — to uncover, reveal, or disclose hidden thingsG601 — Full Word Study →, I appeal toπαρακαλῶparakalō — to urge, comfort, or exhortG3870 — Full Word Study → the elders amongἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → youὑμῖνhymin — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study →: 2Be shepherdsποιμάνατεpoimanate — to shepherd, tend, feed, or rule over a flockG4165 — Full Word Study → of God’sΘεοῦTheou — God, the Divine BeingG2316 — Full Word Study → flockποίμνιονpoimnion — A flock of sheep; a congregation of believersG4168 — Full Word Study → that is among youὑμῖνhymin — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study →, watching over them‹ἐπισκοποῦντες›episkopountes — to oversee, watch over, care for diligentlyG1983 — Full Word Study → notμὴmē — Not; negation; lestG3361 — Full Word Study → out of compulsionἀναγκαστῶςanankastōs — by force, under compulsion, necessarilyG317 — Full Word Study →, butἀλλὰalla — but, yet, rather, on the other handG235 — Full Word Study → because it is God’s will; notμηδὲmēde — neither, nor; not evenG3366 — Full Word Study → out of greedαἰσχροκερδῶςaischrokerdōs — shamefully greedy; for dishonest gainG147 — Full Word Study →, butἀλλὰalla — but, yet, rather, on the other handG235 — Full Word Study → out of eagernessπροθύμωςprothymōs — eagerly, willingly, with readinessG4290 — Full Word Study →; 3notμηδ’mēd’ — neither, nor; not evenG3366 — Full Word Study → lording it overκατακυριεύοντεςkatakyrieuontes — To exercise dominion over; to rule or masterG2634 — Full Word Study → those entrusted to youκλήρωνklērōn — lot, inheritance, portion, allotmentG2819 — Full Word Study →, butἀλλὰalla — but, yet, rather, on the other handG235 — Full Word Study → beingγινόμενοιginomenoi — to become, come into being, happenG1096 — Full Word Study → examplesτύποιtypoi — example, pattern, or model to followG5179 — Full Word Study → to theτοῦtou — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → flockποιμνίουpoimniou — A flock of sheep; a congregation of believersG4168 — Full Word Study →. 4And when theτοῦtou — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → Chief ShepherdἈρχιποίμενοςArchipoimenos — Chief shepherd; head of shepherdsG750 — Full Word Study → appearsφανερωθέντοςphanerōthentos — To reveal, make manifest, or display openlyG5319 — Full Word Study →, you will receiveκομιεῖσθεkomieisthe — to carry away, bring, or receive backG2865 — Full Word Study → theτὸνton — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → crownστέφανονstephanon — Crown; victor's wreath; honor or rewardG4735 — Full Word Study → of gloryδόξηςdoxēs — Radiant honor, splendor, or divine brightnessG1391 — Full Word Study → that will never fade awayἀμαράντινονamarantinon — unfading, imperishable, never-wiltingG262 — Full Word Study →. 5Young menνεώτεροιneōteroi — new, fresh, or young in time or qualityG3501 — Full Word Study →, in the same wayὉμοίωςHomoiōs — in the same way, likewise, similarlyG3668 — Full Word Study →, submit yourselvesὑποτάγητεhypotagēte — to subject, submit, or subordinate oneselfG5293 — Full Word Study → to your elders. Andδὲde — thenG1161 — Full Word Study → all of you, clothe yourselvesἐγκομβώσασθεenkombōsasthe — to clothe oneself with; to put onG1463 — Full Word Study → with humilityταπεινοφροσύνηνtapeinophrosynēn — humble-mindedness; lowliness of mindG5012 — Full Word Study → toward one anotherἀλλήλοιςallēlois — one another; mutual relationshipG240 — Full Word Study →, becauseὅτιhoti — that; because; since; introducing clauses of reason or contentG3754 — Full Word Study →, “GodΘεὸςTheos — God, the Divine BeingG2316 — Full Word Study → opposesἀντιτάσσεταιantitassetai — To resist, oppose, or set oneself againstG498 — Full Word Study → the proud, butδὲde — thenG1161 — Full Word Study → givesδίδωσινdidōsin — to give, grant, or bestowG1325 — Full Word Study → graceχάρινcharin — God's unmerited favor and kindnessG5485 — Full Word Study → to the humble.” 6Humble yourselvesΤαπεινώθητεTapeinōthēte — to humble, abase, or make lowG5013 — Full Word Study →, thereforeοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study →, underὑπὸhypo — under; by; from the agency ofG5259 — Full Word Study → God’sΘεοῦTheou — God, the Divine BeingG2316 — Full Word Study → mightyκραταιὰνkrataian — Strong, mighty, powerfulG2900 — Full Word Study → handχεῖραcheira — hand; power, authority, or controlG5495 — Full Word Study →, so thatἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → due time He may exaltὑψώσῃhypsōsē — to lift up, exalt, or elevateG5312 — Full Word Study → youὑμᾶςhymas — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study →. 7Castἐπιρίψαντεςepiripsantes — to cast or throw upon; to place a burden onG1977 — Full Word Study → allπᾶσανpasan — all, every, the whole ofG3956 — Full Word Study → yourὑμῶνhymōn — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → anxietyμέριμνανmerimnan — anxious care, worry, or concernG3308 — Full Word Study → onἐπ’ep’ — upon, on, over, againstG1909 — Full Word Study → Himαὐτόνauton — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study →, becauseὅτιhoti — that; because; since; introducing clauses of reason or contentG3754 — Full Word Study → Heαὐτῷautō — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → caresμέλειmelei — to care about, be concerned withG3199 — Full Word Study → forπερὶperi — about, concerning, around, on behalf ofG4012 — Full Word Study → youὑμῶνhymōn — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study →. 8Be sober-mindedΝήψατεNēpsate — To be sober-minded; to abstain from intoxication; to be watchful.G3525 — Full Word Study → and alert. Yourὑμῶνhymōn — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → adversaryἀντίδικοςantidikos — legal opponent; one who stands againstG476 — Full Word Study → theho — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → devilδιάβολοςdiabolos — The Devil; slanderer; adversaryG1228 — Full Word Study → prowls aroundπεριπατεῖperipatei — to walk, to conduct oneself, to liveG4043 — Full Word Study → likeὡςhōs — as, like, when, in the manner thatG5613 — Full Word Study → a roaringὠρυόμενοςōryomenos — to roar or cry out loudlyG5612 — Full Word Study → lionλέωνleōn — Lion; a fierce predatorG3023 — Full Word Study →, seekingζητῶνzētōn — to seek, search for, desire, requireG2212 — Full Word Study → someone to devourκαταπιεῖνkatapiein — to swallow up; to engulf or consume completelyG2666 — Full Word Study →. 9Resistἀντίστητεantistēte — to resist, oppose, or stand againstG436 — Full Word Study → him, standing firm in your faithπίστειpistei — Trust, belief, confidence in GodG4102 — Full Word Study → and in the knowledge that yourὑμῶνhymōn — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → brothersἀδελφότητιadelphotēti — The bond of kinship among believers; spiritual brotherhoodG81 — Full Word Study → throughoutἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → theτῷtō — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → worldκόσμῳkosmō — The world; the cosmos; the system of humanity opposed to GodG2889 — Full Word Study → are undergoingἐπιτελεῖσθαιepiteleisthai — To complete, accomplish, or finish a task or workG2005 — Full Word Study → theτὰta — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → same kindsαὐτὰauta — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → ofτῶνtōn — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → sufferingπαθημάτωνpathēmatōn — suffering, affliction, hardshipG3804 — Full Word Study →. 10Andδὲde — thenG1161 — Full Word Study → after you have suffered for a little whileὀλίγονoligon — Few in number; small in quantity or durationG3641 — Full Word Study →, theHo — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → GodΘεὸςTheos — God, the Divine BeingG2316 — Full Word Study → of allπάσηςpasēs — all, every, the whole ofG3956 — Full Word Study → graceχάριτοςcharitos — God's unmerited favor and kindnessG5485 — Full Word Study →, whoho — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → has calledκαλέσαςkalesas — to call, summon, or nameG2564 — Full Word Study → youὑμᾶςhymas — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → toεἰςeis — into, toward, untoG1519 — Full Word Study → Hisαὐτοῦautou — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → eternalαἰώνιονaiōnion — eternal, everlasting, foreverG166 — Full Word Study → gloryδόξανdoxan — Radiant honor, splendor, or divine brightnessG1391 — Full Word Study → inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → ChristΧριστῷChristō — The Anointed OneG5547 — Full Word Study →, will Himselfαὐτὸςautos — he, she, it, self; third-person pronounG846 — Full Word Study → restore you, secure you, strengthen you, and establish you. 11To Him be theτὸto — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → powerκράτοςkratos — Power, strength, or dominionG2904 — Full Word Study → foreverαἰῶναςaiōnas — An age, era, or eternal period of timeG165 — Full Word Study → and everαἰώνωνaiōnōn — An age, era, or eternal period of timeG165 — Full Word Study →. Amenἀμήνamēn — Truly, so be it, affirmation of truthG281 — Full Word Study →. 12ThroughΔιὰDia — through; by means of; because ofG1223 — Full Word Study → SilvanusΣιλουανοῦSilouanou — Silvanus, Paul's companionG4610 — Full Word Study →, whom I regard asὡςhōs — as, like, when, in the manner thatG5613 — Full Word Study → aτοῦtou — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → faithfulπιστοῦpistou — Faithful, trustworthy, reliableG4103 — Full Word Study → brotherἀδελφοῦadelphou — brother; male sibling or fellow believerG80 — Full Word Study →, I have writtenἔγραψαegrapsa — to write or compose in written formG1125 — Full Word Study → to youὑμῖνhymin — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → brieflyὀλίγωνoligōn — Few in number; small in quantity or durationG3641 — Full Word Study →, encouraging you andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → testifyingἐπιμαρτυρῶνepimartyrōn — to testify to; bear witness toG1957 — Full Word Study → that thisεἶναιeinai — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → is the true graceχάρινcharin — God's unmerited favor and kindnessG5485 — Full Word Study → of GodΘεοῦTheou — God, the Divine BeingG2316 — Full Word Study →. Stand firmστῆτεstēte — to stand, establish, or cause to standG2476 — Full Word Study → inεἰςeis — into, toward, untoG1519 — Full Word Study → it. 13The church inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → BabylonΒαβυλῶνιBabylōni — Ancient Mesopotamian capitalG897 — Full Word Study →, chosen together with you, sends you greetingsἈσπάζεταιAspazetai — to greet, embrace, or pay respects to someoneG782 — Full Word Study →, as does myμουmou — I, me; the first-person singular pronounG1473 — Full Word Study → sonυἱόςhuios — Son; male child or descendantG5207 — Full Word Study → MarkΜάρκοςMarkos — Mark, a discipleG3138 — Full Word Study →. 14GreetἈσπάσασθεAspasasthe — to greet, embrace, or pay respects to someoneG782 — Full Word Study → one anotherἀλλήλουςallēlous — one another; mutual relationshipG240 — Full Word Study → withἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → a kissφιλήματιphilēmati — A kiss; greeting or affection by mouth contactG5370 — Full Word Study → of loveἀγάπηςagapēs — Self-giving love; covenant affectionG26 — Full Word Study →. PeaceΕἰρήνηEirēnē — Peace; absence of conflict; inner tranquilityG1515 — Full Word Study → to allπᾶσινpasin — all, every, the whole ofG3956 — Full Word Study → of youὑμῖνhymin — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → who are inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → ChristΧριστῷChristō — The Anointed OneG5547 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — 1 Peter 5
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

1 Peter chapter 5 concludes this epistle with practical instruction for church leaders and all believers facing persecution and spiritual struggle. Peter addresses elders with apostolic exhortation, calling them to shepherd God's flock with humility and willing hearts. He then turns to younger believers, urging submission and mutual humility, before closing with a powerful call to spiritual vigilance and trust in God's sustaining grace during suffering. The chapter reminds us that faithful endurance leads to glory, and that God's grace is sufficient for every trial.

Verses 1–4: Exhortation to Elders

Peter begins by identifying himself as a fellow elder and eyewitness of Christ's sufferings, establishing his authority not through rank but through shared experience and future hope. In verses 2–3, he commands elders to "feed the flock of God" with two critical conditions: they must serve willingly, not under compulsion, and for righteous motives, not for financial gain. The phrase "filthy lucre" emphasizes that worldly profit must never drive pastoral ministry. Elders are called to lead by example, becoming models of Christlike character rather than authoritarian lords. Verse 4 offers the great incentive: when Christ (the Chief Shepherd) returns, faithful elders will receive an imperishable crown of glory. This promise reminds us that all faithful service, though often unseen and underappreciated, will be eternally rewarded and recognized by Jesus Himself.

Application: Pastors and church leaders should regularly examine their motives, asking whether they serve from love for Christ and His people or from desire for status and income. Humility and personal godliness are non-negotiable qualifications for leadership.

Verses 5–7: Humility and Trust

Peter now addresses younger believers, calling them to submit to elders' spiritual authority. But he immediately universalizes the command: "all of you be subject one to another, and be clothed with humility." This is the Christian virtue that binds the church together. Peter reinforces this by quoting Proverbs 3:34—God actively resists the proud but gives grace to the humble. In verses 6–7, believers are told to humble themselves under God's mighty hand, trusting that He will exalt them in His perfect timing. The exhortation to "cast all your care upon him" is not escapism but faith-filled surrender. The parenthetical assurance "for he careth for you" grounds this command in God's fatherly love. Our worries, anxieties, and burdens are not beneath His attention; He invites us to lay them at His feet.

Application: Anxiety and pride often grow from our refusal to surrender control to God. True peace comes when we embrace humility and genuinely entrust our cares to our loving Father.

Verses 8–12: Vigilance, Persecution, and God's Grace

Peter shifts to spiritual warfare. Believers must be "sober" (clear-minded) and "vigilant," aware that Satan, described as a roaring lion, constantly seeks victims. Yet the command is not to fear but to resist steadfastly in faith. Verse 9 provides comfort: other Christians worldwide are enduring the same afflictions, so persecution is not punishment but a shared mark of following Christ. Verses 10–11 contain a glorious promise: God, who has called us to eternal glory in Christ, will perfect, establish, strengthen, and settle us after brief suffering. These five verbs describe the comprehensive nature of God's work in maturing believers through trial. The doxology—"To him be glory and dominion for ever and ever"—reminds us that ultimate power belongs to God alone, not to our enemy.

Verses 12–14 conclude with personal greetings and a benediction of peace for all who are in Christ Jesus.

Application: Spiritual warfare is real, but Christ has already won the victory. Our role is steady faith and obedience, knowing that temporary suffering produces eternal glory and Christlike character.

Application for Today

1 Peter 5 calls modern believers to humble, faithful service within the body of Christ, whether in leadership or submission. We are reminded that pride and anxiety are spiritual liabilities in a hostile world, but God's grace is our strength. As we face cultural opposition and personal trials, we are invited to cast our cares upon Jesus, resist evil with steady faith, and live in joyful anticipation of His return and our eternal reward.

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