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Psalms 110

BSB·7 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1The LORDיְהוָ֨ה׀Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidנְאֻ֤םnə·’um — A solemn declaration; utterance of GodH5002 — Full Word Study → to my Lordלַֽאדֹנִ֗יla·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study →: “Sitשֵׁ֥בšêḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → at My right handלִֽימִינִ֑יlî·mî·nî — right hand, right side, southH3225 — Full Word Study → untilעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → I makeאָשִׁ֥ית’ā·šîṯ — to set, place, or appointH7896 — Full Word Study → Your enemiesאֹ֝יְבֶ֗יךָ’ō·yə·ḇe·ḵā — Enemy; adversary; one who opposesH341 — Full Word Study → a footstoolהֲדֹ֣םhă·ḏōm — footstool; platform for feetH1916 — Full Word Study → for Your feetלְרַגְלֶֽיךָ׃lə·raḡ·le·ḵā — Foot; by extension, journey, way, or standingH7272 — Full Word Study →.” 2The LORDיְ֭הוָהYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → extendsיִשְׁלַ֣חyiš·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → Your mightyעֻזְּךָ֗‘uz·zə·ḵā — Strength, power, or mightH5797 — Full Word Study → scepterמַטֵּֽה־maṭ·ṭêh- — Rod, staff, or tribeH4294 — Full Word Study → from Zionמִצִּיּ֑וֹןmiṣ·ṣî·yō·wn — The Lord's MountainH6726 — Full Word Study →: “Ruleרְ֝דֵ֗הrə·ḏêh — To rule, reign, or exercise dominion overH7287 — Full Word Study → in the midstבְּקֶ֣רֶבbə·qe·reḇ — midst, inner part, heart, inward beingH7130 — Full Word Study → of Your enemiesאֹיְבֶֽיךָ׃’ō·yə·ḇe·ḵā — Enemy; adversary; one who opposesH341 — Full Word Study →.” 3Your peopleעַמְּךָ֣‘am·mə·ḵā — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study → shall be willing on Your dayבְּי֪וֹםbə·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of battleחֵ֫ילֶ֥ךָḥê·le·ḵā — Army, force, or wealthH2428 — Full Word Study →. Arrayed in holyקֹ֭דֶשׁqō·ḏeš — Holiness, sacred, consecrated, set apartH6944 — Full Word Study → splendorבְּֽהַדְרֵי־bə·haḏ·rê- — Glory, majesty, splendor, honorH1926 — Full Word Study →, from the wombמֵרֶ֣חֶםmê·re·ḥem — womb; inner compassion; merciful tendernessH7358 — Full Word Study → of the dawnמִשְׁחָ֑רmiš·ḥār — dawn, early morning, daybreakH4891 — Full Word Study →, to You belongs the dewטַ֣לṭal — dew; moisture from the skyH2919 — Full Word Study → of Your youthיַלְדֻתֶֽיךָ׃yal·ḏu·ṯe·ḵā — Youth, childhood, youthfulnessH3208 — Full Word Study →. 4The LORDיְהוָ֨ה׀Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → has swornנִשְׁבַּ֤עniš·ba‘ — To swear an oath; to bind oneself by solemn promiseH7650 — Full Word Study → and will notוְלֹ֥אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → change His mindיִנָּחֵ֗םyin·nā·ḥêm — to comfort, console, or show compassion; to repent or change one's mindH5162 — Full Word Study →: “Youאַתָּֽה־’at·tāh- — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → are a priestכֹהֵ֥ןḵō·hên — priest; one who serves in God's sanctuaryH3548 — Full Word Study → foreverלְעוֹלָ֑םlə·‘ō·w·lām — forever, eternity, perpetual durationH5769 — Full Word Study → inעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the orderדִּ֝בְרָתִ֗יdiḇ·rā·ṯî — matter, cause, affair, regardH1700 — Full Word Study → of Melchizedekצֶֽדֶק׃ṣe·ḏeq — King of righteousnessH4442 — Full Word Study →.” 5The Lordאֲדֹנָ֥י’ă·ḏō·nāy — Master, LordH136 — Full Word Study → is atעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → Your right handיְמִֽינְךָ֑yə·mî·nə·ḵā — right hand, right side, southH3225 — Full Word Study →; He will crushמָחַ֖ץmā·ḥaṣ — To strike through, wound, or pierceH4272 — Full Word Study → kingsמְלָכִֽים׃mə·lā·ḵîm — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → in the dayבְּיוֹם־bə·yō·wm- — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of His wrathאַפּ֣וֹ’ap·pōw — Anger, wrath, face, or noseH639 — Full Word Study →. 6He will judgeיָדִ֣יןyā·ḏîn — to judge, govern, or execute judgmentH1777 — Full Word Study → the nationsבַּ֭גּוֹיִםbag·gō·w·yim — Nation; a people or ethnic groupH1471 — Full Word Study →, heaping upמָלֵ֣אmā·lê — to fill, fulfill, completeH4390 — Full Word Study → the deadגְוִיּ֑וֹתḡə·wî·yō·wṯ — Corpse, dead body, carcassH1472 — Full Word Study →; He will crushמָ֥חַץmā·ḥaṣ — To strike through, wound, or pierceH4272 — Full Word Study → the leadersרֹ֝֗אשׁrōš — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study → farעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → and wideרַבָּֽה׃rab·bāh — great, many, abundant, mightyH7227 — Full Word Study →. 7He will drinkיִשְׁתֶּ֑הyiš·teh — to drink; consume liquidH8354 — Full Word Study → from the brookמִ֭נַּחַלmin·na·ḥal — A stream or winter torrent; a narrow valleyH5158 — Full Word Study → by the roadבַּדֶּ֣רֶךְbad·de·reḵ — way, path, journey, conductH1870 — Full Word Study →; thereforeעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → He will lift upיָרִ֥יםyā·rîm — To raise, lift up, exalt; to be highH7311 — Full Word Study → His headרֹֽאשׁ׃rōš — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Psalms 110
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Psalm 110 stands as one of Scripture's most magnificent messianic prophecies, depicting the future reign and victory of Jesus Christ. David, writing under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, presents a vision of the promised Messiah seated at God's right hand, ruling over His enemies and establishing an eternal priesthood. This psalm masterfully weaves together themes of Christ's exaltation, His sovereign authority, and His ultimate triumph, making it foundational to New Testament teaching about Christ's ascension and session at the Father's right hand.

Verses 1–3: The Messiah's Exaltation and Rule

Verse 1 opens with a remarkable oracle: "The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool." This is David speaking of the greater David—the Messiah—whom God invites to sit in the place of highest honor and authority. Sitting at God's right hand signifies supreme power and dignity (compare Hebrews 1:3). The enemies will ultimately become a footstool, an image of complete subjugation and victory. This verse is quoted more frequently in the New Testament than any other Old Testament passage, affirming its central importance to Christ's identity and work.

In verses 2–3, the psalmist describes the active rule of this exalted King. "The LORD shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion" portrays Christ's kingdom expanding from Jerusalem outward. The "rod of strength" refers to His authority to govern and judge. "Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power" depicts a willing, joyful submission to Christ's rule—not coerced obedience, but heartfelt allegiance. The phrase "beauties of holiness" emphasizes the moral splendor and righteousness characterizing His kingdom. "Thou hast the dew of thy youth" suggests perpetual freshness and vitality; Christ's reign never grows weary or diminishes.

Devotional Application: Believers today live in the reality of Christ's ascension and reign. Though we do not yet see all things subjected to Him (Hebrews 2:8), we trust that His victory is secured. This invites us to crown Him Lord of our lives now, willing subjects of His righteous rule.

Verses 4–7: The Eternal Priest-King

Verse 4 introduces a stunning truth: "The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek." This is extraordinary—the Messiah is both King and Priest. The Old Testament priesthood descended from Aaron, but Christ's priesthood follows the order of Melchizedek, a mysterious figure who appears in Genesis 14 as both king and priest. The divine oath emphasizes the unbreakable, eternal nature of this appointment. Hebrews 5–7 unpacks this profound truth, showing how Christ's priesthood surpasses the Levitical system because it is based on an indestructible life and an eternal covenant.

Verses 5–7 shift focus to Christ's judgment and final victory. "The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath" depicts the Messiah executing judgment against all who oppose God's kingdom. "He shall judge among the heathen, he shall fill the places with the dead bodies" uses vivid language to affirm that Christ's final judgment will be comprehensive and decisive. Verse 7's image of drinking from the brook during the conflict symbolizes Christ's sustenance and perseverance; though the conflict is intense, He shall prevail and "lift up the head" in triumphant victory.

Devotional Application: Christ's priesthood means He intercedes for us continually. His coming judgment should inspire both comfort (He judges on behalf of His people) and reverence (His justice is absolute).

Application for Today

Psalm 110 anchors our faith in Christ's present exaltation and future consummation. Whether you face spiritual opposition, doubt, or uncertainty, remember: your King reigns from heaven's throne. He is both your merciful High Priest and your righteous Judge. Align your will with His kingdom, trust His intercession, and live with confident hope in His ultimate victory.

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