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Deuteronomy 34

BSB·12 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Then Mosesמֹשֶׁ֜הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → went upוַיַּ֨עַלway·ya·‘al — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → from the plainsמֵֽעַרְבֹ֤תmê·‘ar·ḇōṯ — The Rift ValleyH6160 — Full Word Study → of Moabמוֹאָב֙mō·w·’āḇ — From his fatherH4124 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → Mountהַ֣רhar — Mountain, hill, or elevated land massH2022 — Full Word Study → Neboנְב֔וֹnə·ḇōw — Nebo, a Babylonian god and geographical locationH5015 — Full Word Study →, to the topרֹ֚אשׁrōš — Head; chief; beginning; topH7218 — Full Word Study → of Pisgahהַפִּסְגָּ֔הhap·pis·gāh — The Cleft, or The SplitH6449 — Full Word Study →, whichאֲשֶׁ֖ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → facesעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → Jerichoיְרֵח֑וֹyə·rê·ḥōw — City of palmsH3405 — Full Word Study →. And the LORDיְהוָ֧הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → showed himוַיַּרְאֵ֨הוּway·yar·’ê·hū — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the wholeכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → landהָאָ֛רֶץhā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →from Gileadהַגִּלְעָ֖דhag·gil·‘āḏ — Rocky, hilly regionH1568 — Full Word Study → as farעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → as Danדָּֽן׃dān — He judgedH1835 — Full Word Study →, 2allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → of Naphtaliנַפְתָּלִ֔יnap̄·tā·lî — My wrestlingH5321 — Full Word Study →, the landאֶ֥רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Ephraimאֶפְרַ֖יִם’ep̄·ra·yim — Double fruitfulnessH669 — Full Word Study → and Manassehוּמְנַשֶּׁ֑הū·mə·naš·šeh — God has made me forgetH4519 — Full Word Study →, allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the landאֶ֣רֶץ’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Judahיְהוּדָ֔הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study → as far asעַ֖ד‘aḏ — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → the Westernהָאַחֲרֽוֹן׃hā·’a·ḥă·rō·wn — Last, final, or later in time or orderH314 — Full Word Study → Seaהַיָּ֥םhay·yām — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study →, 3the Negevהַנֶּ֗גֶבhan·ne·ḡeḇ — The South, Southern RegionH5045 — Full Word Study →, and the regionהַכִּכָּ֞רhak·kik·kār — circular loaf; disk-shaped object; plainH3603 — Full Word Study → from the Valleyבִּקְעַ֧תbiq·‘aṯ — valley, plain, lowland areaH1237 — Full Word Study → of Jerichoיְרֵח֛וֹyə·rê·ḥōw — City of palmsH3405 — Full Word Study → (the Cityעִ֥יר‘îr — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → of Palmsהַתְּמָרִ֖יםhat·tə·mā·rîm — Palm treeH8558 — Full Word Study →) all the wayעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → to Zoarצֹֽעַר׃ṣō·‘ar — Smallness, a cityH6820 — Full Word Study →. 4And the LORDיְהוָ֜הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to himאֵלָ֗יו’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, “Thisזֹ֤אתzōṯ — This, that; demonstrative pronounH2063 — Full Word Study → is the landהָאָ֙רֶץ֙hā·’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → I swore to giveנִ֠שְׁבַּעְתִּיniš·ba‘·tî — To swear an oath; to bind oneself by solemn promiseH7650 — Full Word Study → Abrahamלְאַבְרָהָ֨םlə·’aḇ·rā·hām — Father of many nationsH85 — Full Word Study →, Isaacלְיִצְחָ֤קlə·yiṣ·ḥāq — He laughsH3327 — Full Word Study →, and Jacobוּֽלְיַעֲקֹב֙ū·lə·ya·‘ă·qōḇ — He grasps the heelH3290 — Full Word Study → when I saidלֵאמֹ֔רlê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘I will giveאֶתְּנֶ֑נָּה’et·tə·nen·nāh — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → it to your descendantsלְזַרְעֲךָ֖lə·zar·‘ă·ḵā — Seed; offspring; descendant; progenyH2233 — Full Word Study →.’ I have let you seeהֶרְאִיתִ֣יךָher·’î·ṯî·ḵā — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → it with your own eyesבְעֵינֶ֔יךָḇə·‘ê·ne·ḵā — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study →, but you will notלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → cross into itתַעֲבֹֽר׃ṯa·‘ă·ḇōr — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study →.” 5So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֧הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → the servantעֶֽבֶד־‘e·ḇeḏ- — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → of the LORDיְהוָ֛הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → diedוַיָּ֨מָתway·yā·māṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study → thereשָׁ֜םšām — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study → in the landבְּאֶ֥רֶץbə·’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Moabמוֹאָ֖בmō·w·’āḇ — From his fatherH4124 — Full Word Study →, asעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → had saidפִּ֥יpî — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study →. 6And He buriedוַיִּקְבֹּ֨רway·yiq·bōr — to bury, to entomb the deadH6912 — Full Word Study → himאֹת֤וֹ’ō·ṯōw — direct object marker; signs accusative caseH853 — Full Word Study → in a valleyבַגַּיְ֙ḇag·gay — ValleyH1516 — Full Word Study → in the landבְּאֶ֣רֶץbə·’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Moabמוֹאָ֔בmō·w·’āḇ — From his fatherH4124 — Full Word Study → facingמ֖וּלmūl — Opposite, before, facing, towardH4136 — Full Word Study → Beth-peorפְּע֑וֹרpə·‘ō·wr — Beth-peor, a town east of the Jordan RiverH1047 — Full Word Study →, and noוְלֹֽא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → oneאִישׁ֙’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → toעַ֖ד‘aḏ — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → thisהַזֶּֽה׃haz·zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → dayהַיּ֥וֹםhay·yō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → knowsיָדַ֥עyā·ḏa‘ — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → the location of his graveקְבֻ֣רָת֔וֹqə·ḇu·rā·ṯōw — tomb, burial place, graveH6900 — Full Word Study →. 7Moses was a hundredמֵאָ֧הmê·’āh — hundred; a large complete numberH3967 — Full Word Study → and twentyוְעֶשְׂרִ֛יםwə·‘eś·rîm — The number twenty; a complete group or scoreH6242 — Full Word Study → years oldבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → when he diedבְּמֹת֑וֹbə·mō·ṯōw — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →, yet his eyesעֵינ֖וֹ‘ê·nōw — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → were notלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → weakכָהֲתָ֥הḵā·hă·ṯāh — to grow weak, dim, or faint; to restrain or rebukeH3543 — Full Word Study →, and his vitalityלֵחֹֽה׃lê·ḥōh — Vigor, strength, natural forceH3893 — Full Word Study → had notוְלֹא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → diminishedנָ֥סnās — to flee, escape, or run awayH5127 — Full Word Study →. 8The Israelitesבְנֵ֨יḇə·nê — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → grievedוַיִּבְכּוּ֩way·yiḇ·kū — to weep, cry, shed tearsH1058 — Full Word Study → for Mosesמֹשֶׁ֛הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → in the plainsבְּעַֽרְבֹ֥תbə·‘ar·ḇōṯ — The Rift ValleyH6160 — Full Word Study → of Moabמוֹאָ֖בmō·w·’āḇ — From his fatherH4124 — Full Word Study → thirtyשְׁלֹשִׁ֣יםšə·lō·šîm — thirty; group of thirtyH7970 — Full Word Study → daysי֑וֹםyō·wm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →, until the timeיְמֵ֥יyə·mê — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study → of weepingבְכִ֖יḇə·ḵî — Weeping, tears, or act of cryingH1065 — Full Word Study → and mourningאֵ֥בֶל’ê·ḇel — mourning, lamentation, griefH60 — Full Word Study → for Mosesמֹשֶֽׁה׃mō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → came to an endוַֽיִּתְּמ֔וּway·yit·tə·mū — to finish, complete, bring to an endH8552 — Full Word Study →. 9Now Joshuaוִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֣עַwî·hō·wō·šu·a‘ — The Lord is salvationH3091 — Full Word Study → sonבִּן־bin- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of Nunנ֗וּןnūn — Fish, perpetuityH5126 — Full Word Study → was filledמָלֵא֙mā·lê — to fill, be full, fullnessH4392 — Full Word Study → with the spiritר֣וּחַrū·aḥ — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → of wisdomחָכְמָ֔הḥāḵ·māh — Wisdom; skillful understanding and discernmentH2451 — Full Word Study → becauseכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → Mosesמֹשֶׁ֛הmō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study → had laidסָמַ֥ךְsā·maḵ — to support, sustain, upholdH5564 — Full Word Study → his handsיָדָ֖יוyā·ḏāw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → on himעָלָ֑יו‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study →. So the Israelitesבְּנֵֽי־bə·nê- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → obeyedוַיִּשְׁמְע֨וּway·yiš·mə·‘ū — to hear, listen, obeyH8085 — Full Word Study → himאֵלָ֤יו’ê·lāw — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → and didוַֽיַּעֲשׂ֔וּway·ya·‘ă·śū — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → asכַּאֲשֶׁ֛רka·’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → had commandedצִוָּ֥הṣiw·wāh — to command, order, or appoint with authorityH6680 — Full Word Study → Mosesמֹשֶֽׁה׃mō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study →. 10Since that timeע֛וֹד‘ō·wḏ — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study →, noוְלֹֽא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → prophetנָבִ֥יאnā·ḇî — Prophet; one who speaks God's wordH5030 — Full Word Study → has risenקָ֨םqām — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study → in Israelבְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לbə·yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study → like Mosesכְּמֹשֶׁ֑הkə·mō·šeh — Drawn outH4872 — Full Word Study →, whomאֲשֶׁר֙’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → knewיְדָע֣וֹyə·ḏā·‘ōw — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → faceפָּנִ֖יםpā·nîm — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → faceפָּנִֽים׃pā·nîm — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → 11no prophet who did all the signsהָ֨אֹת֜וֹתhā·’ō·ṯō·wṯ — A sign or miraculous wonder that authenticates God's powerH226 — Full Word Study → and wondersוְהַמּוֹפְתִ֗יםwə·ham·mō·wp̄·ṯîm — A miraculous sign or wonder performed by GodH4159 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁ֤ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → sent Moses to doלַעֲשׂ֖וֹתla·‘ă·śō·wṯ — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → in the landבְּאֶ֣רֶץbə·’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִצְרָ֑יִםmiṣ·rā·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study → to Pharaohלְפַרְעֹ֥הlə·p̄ar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study → and to allוּלְכָל־ū·lə·ḵāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → his officialsעֲבָדָ֖יו‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → and allוּלְכָל־ū·lə·ḵāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → his landאַרְצֽוֹ׃’ar·ṣōw — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →, 12and no prophet who performed allוּלְכֹל֙ū·lə·ḵōl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → the mightyהַחֲזָקָ֔הha·ḥă·zā·qāh — Strong, mighty, firm, courageousH2389 — Full Word Study → acts of powerהַיָּ֣דhay·yāḏ — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → andוּלְכֹ֖לū·lə·ḵōl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → awesome deedsהַמּוֹרָ֣אham·mō·w·rā — Fear, dread, or terror; that which is fearedH4172 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁר֙’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → Moses did in the sightלְעֵינֵ֖יlə·‘ê·nê — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study → of allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Deuteronomy 34
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Deuteronomy 34 records the final chapter of Moses' earthly life and ministry. At 120 years old, Moses ascends Mount Nebo, where the Lord grants him a sweeping vision of the Promised Land before his death. Though Moses faithfully led Israel for forty years and brought them to the threshold of their inheritance, he himself does not enter Canaan due to his earlier sin at Kadesh. This closing chapter honors Moses as God's faithful servant while establishing Joshua as his successor and affirming that no prophet in Israel would ever equal Moses' unique relationship with the Lord.

Verses 1–4: The Vision from Mount Nebo

Moses climbs Mount Nebo to its peak, Pisgah, and the Lord grants him a panoramic view of the entire Promised Land. The text describes in detail the territories from Gilead in the north to the Negev (south) in the south, spanning from the Jordan Valley to the Mediterranean Sea. This is not a natural sight but a supernatural gift from God, allowing Moses to see what his physical eyes could not reach unaided. In verse 4, the Lord reminds Moses that this land was sworn to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—fulfilling the Abrahamic covenant. God permits Moses to see the inheritance with his own eyes, yet denies him entry into it. This poignant moment reflects the consequences of Moses' disobedience at Meribah (Numbers 20:10–12), where he struck the rock in anger rather than speaking to it as commanded. God is merciful in showing Moses the fulfillment of His promise, yet just in maintaining the boundary He had set.

Verse 5: The Death of God's Servant

Moses dies in Moab, fulfilling the Lord's word. The text emphasizes that his death occurred "according to the word of the LORD"—not by accident or chance, but by God's sovereign plan. Death, even for the righteous, remains the consequence of sin entering the world (Romans 6:23), yet for believers it is met with the promise of God's presence and purpose.

Verses 6–8: Mourning and Honor

God Himself buries Moses in a valley near Bethpeor, in Moab—a detail that underscores divine honor and mystery. No one knows the location of his grave to this day, which may have been providential, preventing the burial site from becoming a place of false veneration. The children of Israel mourn Moses for thirty days, a period of grief that acknowledges his unparalleled leadership and the deep bond formed over four decades in the wilderness. Their weeping reflects genuine love and respect for their shepherd.

Verses 9–12: Joshua's Succession and Moses' Legacy

Joshua is introduced as Moses' successor, "full of the spirit of wisdom," empowered by Moses' laying on of hands and by God's own anointing. The people recognize his authority and obey him as they had obeyed Moses' commands. The chapter concludes with a magnificent epitaph for Moses: no prophet in Israel ever arose who knew the Lord "face to face" (verse 10)—a unique intimacy that distinguished Moses above all others. The text rehearses his miraculous signs and wonders in Egypt and the awesome power he displayed before Israel. This closing tribute celebrates Moses not as a legend to be worshipped, but as God's faithful servant, whose life demonstrated unparalleled devotion to the Lord's mission.

Application for Today

Moses' life teaches us that faithfulness to God's call matters more than personal reward. Though denied entry to Canaan, Moses never abandoned his mission. He also reminds us that even God's greatest servants experience limitations and consequences for sin. Finally, his commissioning of Joshua shows that God's work continues beyond any one person. We are called to serve faithfully in our generation and invest in others who will carry the Lord's work forward.

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