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1 Timothy 3

BSB·16 verses ·New Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1This is a trustworthy sayingλόγοςlogos — word, statement, message, divine utteranceG3056 — Full Word Study →: Ifεἴei — if; conditional conjunction introducing hypothetical or contingent circumstancesG1487 — Full Word Study → anyoneτιςtis — a certain one; some; anyone; an indefinite pronounG5100 — Full Word Study → aspires to beὀρέγεταιoregetai — to reach out for, desire, aspire toG3713 — Full Word Study → an overseerἐπισκοπῆςepiskopēs — office of oversight; pastoral supervisionG1984 — Full Word Study →, he desiresἐπιθυμεῖepithymei — To desire strongly; to crave or long forG1937 — Full Word Study → a nobleκαλοῦkalou — good, beneficial, morally excellentG2570 — Full Word Study → taskἔργουergou — Work, deed, or action; labor or taskG2041 — Full Word Study →. 2Anτὸνton — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → overseerἐπίσκοπονepiskopon — overseer, guardian, supervisorG1985 — Full Word Study →, thenοὖνoun — therefore, then, so, thusG3767 — Full Word Study →, mustδεῖdei — it is necessary, must, oughtG1163 — Full Word Study → beεἶναιeinai — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → above reproachἀνεπίλημπτονanepilēmpton — Irreproachable, beyond criticism or rebukeG423 — Full Word Study →, the husband of but oneμιᾶςmias — one, a single unit, unifiedG1520 — Full Word Study → wifeγυναικὸςgynaikos — woman; wife; female personG1135 — Full Word Study →, temperateνηφάλιονnēphalion — sober, clear-minded, self-controlledG3524 — Full Word Study →, self-controlledσώφροναsōphrona — Self-controlled, temperate, sensibleG4998 — Full Word Study →, respectableκόσμιονkosmion — respectable, orderly, modest in conductG2887 — Full Word Study →, hospitableφιλόξενονphiloxenon — Welcoming and hospitable to strangers and guestsG5382 — Full Word Study →, able to teachδιδακτικόνdidaktikon — qualified to teach; apt for instructionG1317 — Full Word Study →, 3notμὴmē — Not; negation; lestG3361 — Full Word Study → dependent on wineπάροινονparoinon — characterized by drunkenness; addicted to wineG3943 — Full Word Study →, notμὴmē — Not; negation; lestG3361 — Full Word Study → violentπλήκτηνplēktēn — one who strikes; a violent personG4131 — Full Word Study → butἀλλὰalla — but, yet, rather, on the other handG235 — Full Word Study → gentleἐπιεικῆepieikē — gentle, reasonable, forbearingG1933 — Full Word Study →, peaceableἄμαχονamachon — peaceable, not quarrelsomeG269 — Full Word Study →, and free of the love of money. 4An overseer must manage his ownἰδίουidiou — one's own; private; personalG2398 — Full Word Study → householdοἴκουoikou — A dwelling place; house or householdG3624 — Full Word Study → wellκαλῶςkalōs — well, rightly, properlyG2573 — Full Word Study → and keep his children underἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → controlὑποταγῇhypotagē — Submission, obedience, or subordinationG5292 — Full Word Study →, withμετὰmeta — with, after, among, followingG3326 — Full Word Study → completeπάσηςpasēs — all, every, the whole ofG3956 — Full Word Study → dignityσεμνότητοςsemnotētos — Dignity, seriousness, respectabilityG4587 — Full Word Study →. 5For ifεἰei — if; conditional conjunction introducing hypothetical or contingent circumstancesG1487 — Full Word Study → someoneτιςtis — a certain one; some; anyone; an indefinite pronounG5100 — Full Word Study → does not knowοἶδενoiden — to see, perceive, understand, knowG1492 — Full Word Study → howπῶςpōs — how? in what manner? by what means?G4459 — Full Word Study → to manageπροστῆναιprostēnai — to stand before, lead, manage, preside overG4291 — Full Word Study → his ownἰδίουidiou — one's own; private; personalG2398 — Full Word Study → householdοἴκουoikou — A dwelling place; house or householdG3624 — Full Word Study →, how can he care for the church of GodΘεοῦTheou — God, the Divine BeingG2316 — Full Word Study →? 6He must not be a recent convertνεόφυτονneophyton — newly planted believer; recent convertG3504 — Full Word Study →, or he may become conceitedτυφωθεὶςtyphōtheis — To be puffed up with pride; become conceitedG5187 — Full Word Study → and fall underεἰςeis — into, toward, untoG1519 — Full Word Study → the same condemnation as theτοῦtou — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → devilδιαβόλουdiabolou — The Devil; slanderer; adversaryG1228 — Full Word Study →. 7Furthermoreδὲde — thenG1161 — Full Word Study →, he mustδεῖdei — it is necessary, must, oughtG1163 — Full Word Study → haveἔχεινechein — To have, hold, or possessG2192 — Full Word Study → a goodκαλὴνkalēn — good, beneficial, morally excellentG2570 — Full Word Study → reputationμαρτυρίανmartyrian — Formal testimony or witness givenG3141 — Full Word Study → withἀπὸapo — from, away from, out ofG575 — Full Word Study → outsidersἔξωθενexōthen — from outside; external; outwardG1855 — Full Word Study →, so thatἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → he will not fallἐμπέσῃempesē — to fall into or encounter suddenlyG1706 — Full Word Study → intoεἰςeis — into, toward, untoG1519 — Full Word Study → disgraceὀνειδισμὸνoneidismon — Shame, disgrace, or insult; reproachG3680 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → into the snare of theτοῦtou — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → devilδιαβόλουdiabolou — The Devil; slanderer; adversaryG1228 — Full Word Study →. 8DeaconsΔιακόνουςDiakonous — servant; one who servesG1249 — Full Word Study → likewiseὡσαύτωςhōsautōs — in the same manner; likewise; similarlyG5615 — Full Word Study → must be dignified, notμὴmē — Not; negation; lestG3361 — Full Word Study → double-tonguedδιλόγουςdilogous — double-tongued, insincere, saying different things to different peopleG1351 — Full Word Study → or givenπροσέχονταςprosechontas — to pay attention to; watch out for; be on guardG4337 — Full Word Study → to muchπολλῷpollō — much, many, great in quantity or degreeG4183 — Full Word Study → wineοἴνῳoinō — Wine; fermented grape juiceG3631 — Full Word Study → or greedy for moneyαἰσχροκερδεῖςaischrokerdeis — Greedy for dishonest gain; lovers of moneyG146 — Full Word Study →. 9They must holdἔχονταςechontas — To have, hold, or possessG2192 — Full Word Study → to theτὸto — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → mysteryμυστήριονmystērion — A hidden or revealed secretG3466 — Full Word Study → of theτῆςtēs — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → faithπίστεωςpisteōs — Trust, belief, confidence in GodG4102 — Full Word Study → withἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → a clearκαθαρᾷkathara — clean, pure, uncontaminatedG2513 — Full Word Study → conscienceσυνειδήσειsyneidēsei — Conscience; inner moral awarenessG4893 — Full Word Study →. 10Additionallyκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study →, theyοὗτοιhoutoi — This one; he, she, it; that person or thingG3778 — Full Word Study → must first be testedδοκιμαζέσθωσανdokimazesthōsan — To test, examine, or approve after scrutinyG1381 — Full Word Study →. Thenεἶταeita — then, next, afterwards, subsequentlyG1534 — Full Word Study →, if they areὄντεςontes — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → above reproachἀνέγκλητοιanenklētoi — Blameless, beyond accusation, irreproachableG410 — Full Word Study →, let them serve as deaconsδιακονείτωσανdiakoneitōsan — to serve, minister, attend toG1247 — Full Word Study →. 11In the same wayὡσαύτωςhōsautōs — in the same manner; likewise; similarlyG5615 — Full Word Study →, the women must be dignified, notμὴmē — Not; negation; lestG3361 — Full Word Study → slanderersδιαβόλουςdiabolous — The Devil; slanderer; adversaryG1228 — Full Word Study →, but temperate and faithful inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → all thingsπᾶσινpasin — all, every, the whole ofG3956 — Full Word Study →. 12A deaconΔιάκονοιDiakonoi — servant; one who servesG1249 — Full Word Study → must beἔστωσανestōsan — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → the husband of but oneμιᾶςmias — one, a single unit, unifiedG1520 — Full Word Study → wifeγυναικὸςgynaikos — woman; wife; female personG1135 — Full Word Study →, a goodκαλῶςkalōs — well, rightly, properlyG2573 — Full Word Study → managerπροϊστάμενοιproistamenoi — to stand before, lead, manage, preside overG4291 — Full Word Study → of his children andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → of his ownἰδίωνidiōn — one's own; private; personalG2398 — Full Word Study → householdοἴκωνoikōn — A dwelling place; house or householdG3624 — Full Word Study →. 13Forγὰρgar — for, because, since (causal/explanatory conjunction)G1063 — Full Word Study → those whoοἱhoi — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → have servedδιακονήσαντεςdiakonēsantes — to serve, minister, attend toG1247 — Full Word Study → well as deacons acquireπεριποιοῦνταιperipoiountai — to gain or acquire; to obtain for oneselfG4046 — Full Word Study → for themselvesἑαυτοῖςheautois — himself, herself, itself, themselves; oneselfG1438 — Full Word Study → a highκαλὸνkalon — good, beneficial, morally excellentG2570 — Full Word Study → standingβαθμὸνbathmon — standing, rank, or degree of positionG898 — Full Word Study → andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → greatπολλὴνpollēn — much, many, great in quantity or degreeG4183 — Full Word Study → confidenceπαρρησίανparrēsian — Bold confidence in speech and actionG3954 — Full Word Study → inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → the faith that is inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → ChristΧριστῷChristō — The Anointed OneG5547 — Full Word Study → JesusἸησοῦIēsou — The Lord SavesG2424 — Full Word Study →. 14Although I hope to comeἐλθεῖνelthein — to come, go, arrive, or appearG2064 — Full Word Study → toπρὸςpros — toward, to, with, in relation toG4314 — Full Word Study → youσὲse — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → soonτάχει›tachei — speed, quickness, hasteG5034 — Full Word Study →, I am writingγράφωgraphō — to write or compose in written formG1125 — Full Word Study → youσοιsoi — You (singular or plural pronoun)G4771 — Full Word Study → these thingsΤαῦτάTauta — This one; he, she, it; that person or thingG3778 — Full Word Study → 15in caseἐὰνean — conditional particle; if, whether, in case thatG1437 — Full Word Study → I am delayedβραδύνωbradynō — To delay, tarry, or be slowG1019 — Full Word Study →, so thatἵναhina — in order that; so that; to the intent thatG2443 — Full Word Study → you will knowεἰδῇςeidēs — to see, perceive, understand, knowG1492 — Full Word Study → howπῶςpōs — how? in what manner? by what means?G4459 — Full Word Study → each one mustδεῖdei — it is necessary, must, oughtG1163 — Full Word Study → conduct himselfἀναστρέφεσθαιanastrephesthai — to conduct oneself, live, behaveG390 — Full Word Study → inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → God’sΘεοῦTheou — God, the Divine BeingG2316 — Full Word Study → householdοἴκῳoikō — A dwelling place; house or householdG3624 — Full Word Study →, whichἥτιςhētis — whoever, whichever, the one whoG3748 — Full Word Study → isἐστὶνestin — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → the church of the living GodΘεοῦTheou — God, the Divine BeingG2316 — Full Word Study →, the pillar andκαὶkai — and; also; even; bothG2532 — Full Word Study → foundationἑδραίωμαhedraiōma — Foundation or basis of supportG1477 — Full Word Study → of theτῆςtēs — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → truthἀληθείαςalētheias — Truth; reality; authenticityG225 — Full Word Study →. 16By common confessionὁμολογουμένωςhomologoumenōs — Admittedly, confessedly, undeniablyG3672 — Full Word Study →, theτὸto — Definite article: the, this, thatG3588 — Full Word Study → mysteryμυστήριονmystērion — A hidden or revealed secretG3466 — Full Word Study → of godlinessεὐσεβείαςeusebeias — Godliness; reverent devotion to GodG2150 — Full Word Study → isἐστὶνestin — to exist, to be, am/is/areG1510 — Full Word Study → greatμέγαmega — Great in size, power, or intensityG3173 — Full Word Study →: He appearedἐφανερώθηephanerōthē — To reveal, make manifest, or display openlyG5319 — Full Word Study → inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → the flesh, was vindicatedἐδικαιώθηedikaiōthē — to declare righteous; to justifyG1344 — Full Word Study → byἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → the Spirit, was seenὤφθηōphthē — To see, perceive, or observe with the eyes or mindG3708 — Full Word Study → by angelsἀγγέλοιςangelois — Messenger; divine or heavenly envoyG32 — Full Word Study →, was proclaimedἐκηρύχθηekērychthē — to proclaim publicly; to preachG2784 — Full Word Study → amongἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → the nations, was believed inἐπιστεύθηepisteuthē — to believe, trust, have faith inG4100 — Full Word Study → throughoutἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → the world, was taken upἀνελήμφθηanelēmphthē — to take up, receive, assume, lift upG353 — Full Word Study → inἐνen — in, on, among, at, by means ofG1722 — Full Word Study → gloryδόξῃdoxē — Radiant honor, splendor, or divine brightnessG1391 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — 1 Timothy 3
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

In 1 Timothy 3, Paul provides Timothy with specific, practical qualifications for church leaders—both bishops (elders/overseers) and deacons. Rather than offering vague ideals, Paul grounds church leadership in character, family stability, and doctrinal faithfulness. This passage emphasizes that godly leadership flows from a transformed life, not from titles or ambition alone. The chapter concludes with a magnificent affirmation of the gospel's centrality to the church's identity and mission.

Verses 1-5: Qualifications of a Bishop

Paul begins by affirming that desiring the office of a bishop is "a good work" (v. 1). This encourages legitimate aspiration to leadership while immediately establishing that such desire must be coupled with genuine qualifications. The word "bishop" (Greek: episkopos) refers to an overseer or elder—a pastor-teacher responsible for shepherding the flock.

Verses 2-4 list the essential character marks: blameless (irreproachable in conduct), husband of one wife (faithful in marriage), vigilant and sober (mentally sharp and self-controlled), of good behaviour (orderly and respectable), given to hospitality (warmly welcoming), and apt to teach (able to communicate God's Word). He must avoid wine excess, physical violence ("striker"), greed, and contentiousness. Positively, he should be patient and not covetous.

Verse 4-5 establish a crucial principle: a leader's home life is a proving ground for church leadership. "One that ruleth well his own house" demonstrates the character necessary to care for God's church. Paul's logic is compelling—if a man cannot lead his own family spiritually, he cannot shepherd God's people. This is not merely preference but a biblical requirement reflecting the reality that spiritual authority begins at home.

Verses 6-7: Maturity and Reputation

A bishop must not be a "novice" (v. 6)—a new convert. Premature elevation to leadership invites spiritual pride and exposes the leader to the same condemnation the devil faced through pride. This protects both the leader and the congregation from instability and false teaching.

Verse 7 adds an external dimension: leaders must maintain "a good report of them which are without." Unbelievers should recognize integrity and trustworthiness in church leaders. A bad reputation in the community becomes "a snare of the devil," undermining the church's witness and the leader's spiritual authority.

Verses 8-13: Qualifications of Deacons

Deacons are servants within the church, often caring for practical needs, finances, and widows (cf. Acts 6). They require similar moral character: grave (serious, dignified), not doubletongued (not deceitful), temperate with wine, not greedy. Crucially, they must hold "the mystery of the faith in a pure conscience" (v. 9)—meaning deacons need doctrinal soundness and personal integrity, not just administrative competence.

Verse 10 insists on testing: deacons should be "proved" before appointment and must be "blameless." Their wives (v. 11) must also be grave, not slanderers, sober, and faithful. Verse 13 promises that those serving faithfully gain "a good degree" and increased boldness in their faith—service itself becomes a spiritual blessing.

Verses 14-16: The Church's Foundation and Glory

Paul writes to equip Timothy for proper church governance until his return. The church is "the house of God" and "the pillar and ground of the truth" (v. 15)—meaning the church upholds and proclaims God's truth in the world. Verse 16 crescendos with the gospel itself: God incarnate, vindicated by the Spirit, witnessed by angels, proclaimed among nations, embraced by believers, and exalted in glory. Church leadership matters because the church bears witness to this magnificent mystery.

Application for Today

This passage calls congregations to take leadership selection seriously, examining not titles or charisma but character, family faithfulness, and doctrine. It reminds potential leaders that ambition must yield to qualification and that our homes are seminaries for spiritual influence. Most importantly, it anchors church governance in the gospel itself—we lead and serve not for personal advancement but to display Christ's reality and truth to a watching world.

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