Overview
Hadad was a member of the royal house of Edom who escaped as a child when King David conquered Edom, killing many Edomites including Hadad's father (1 Kings 11:14-16). He fled to Egypt where Pharaoh gave him shelter and favor, even providing him with a wife from the Egyptian royal family. Years later, when David and Joab died, Hadad returned to Edom to become an adversary against Solomon's kingdom (1 Kings 11:21-22).
Key Scriptures
"The LORD raised up an adversary against Solomon, Hadad the Edomite" (1 Kings 11:14, ESV). "So Hadad fled to Egypt, to Pharaoh king of Egypt, and was given a house and assigned an allowance of food and received favor in the sight of Pharaoh" (1 Kings 11:17, ESV). "When Hadad heard in Egypt that David slept with his fathers and that Joab the commander of the army was dead, Hadad said to Pharaoh, 'Let me depart, that I may go to my own country'" (1 Kings 11:21, ESV).
Application
Remember that God's sovereignty extends over all circumstances and opposition, often using adversity to redirect our hearts toward dependence on Him rather than earthly power.