Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible (1898)
QUEEN OF HEAVEN, the title of the goddess of the Moon among the Assyrians, from whom her worship spread into Asia Minor. To the Shemites she was generally known under the names of Astarte, Ashtaroth, etc. Cakes having the image of the moon stamped on them are supposed to have been presented in sacrifice as a part of her worship. Jer 7:18; Jer 44:17-19, Jer 44:25.