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Psalms 80

BSB·19 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Hear usהַאֲזִ֗ינָהha·’ă·zî·nāh — to listen, give ear, hear attentivelyH238 — Full Word Study →, O Shepherdרֹ֘עֵ֤הrō·‘êh — to shepherd; to tend, feed, or pasture a flockH7462 — Full Word Study → of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל׀yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →, who leadsנֹהֵ֣גnō·hêḡ — to lead, drive, guideH5090 — Full Word Study → Josephיוֹסֵ֑ףyō·w·sêp̄ — God will increaseH3130 — Full Word Study → like a flockכַּצֹּ֣אןkaṣ·ṣōn — flock of sheep or goatsH6629 — Full Word Study →; You who sit enthronedיֹשֵׁ֖בyō·šêḇ — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → between the cherubim, shine forthהוֹפִֽיעָה׃hō·w·p̄î·‘āh — to shine forth, become light, appear brilliantlyH3313 — Full Word Study → 2beforeלִפְנֵ֤יlip̄·nê — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → Ephraimאֶפְרַ֨יִם׀’ep̄·ra·yim — Double fruitfulnessH669 — Full Word Study →, Benjaminוּבִנְיָ֘מִ֤ןū·ḇin·yā·min — Son of the right handH1144 — Full Word Study →, and Manassehוּמְנַשֶּׁ֗הū·mə·naš·šeh — God has made me forgetH4519 — Full Word Study →. Rallyעוֹרְרָ֥ה‘ō·wr·rāh — To wake up, rouse, stir up, awakenH5782 — Full Word Study → Your mighty powerגְּבֽוּרָתֶ֑ךָgə·ḇū·rā·ṯe·ḵā — Mighty power, strength, or valorH1369 — Full Word Study → and comeוּלְכָ֖הū·lə·ḵāh — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study → to saveלִישֻׁעָ֣תָהlî·šu·‘ā·ṯāh — Deliverance, salvation, rescue from dangerH3444 — Full Word Study → us. 3Restore usהֲשִׁיבֵ֑נוּhă·šî·ḇê·nū — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study →, O Godאֱלֹהִ֥ים’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study →, and cause Your faceפָּ֝נֶ֗יךָpā·ne·ḵā — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → to shine upon usוְהָאֵ֥רwə·hā·’êr — to shine, give light, become brightH215 — Full Word Study →, that we may be savedוְנִוָּשֵֽׁעָה׃wə·niw·wā·šê·‘āh — To deliver, rescue, or save from dangerH3467 — Full Word Study →. 4O LORDיְהוָ֣הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → Godאֱלֹהִ֣ים’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → of Hostsצְבָא֑וֹתṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study →, how longעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → will Your anger smolderעָ֝שַׁ֗נְתָּ‘ā·šan·tā — to be angry, smoke with rageH6225 — Full Word Study → against the prayersבִּתְפִלַּ֥תbiṯ·p̄il·laṯ — Prayer; formal or spontaneous petition to GodH8605 — Full Word Study → of Your peopleעַמֶּֽךָ׃‘am·me·ḵā — a people; nation; communityH5971 — Full Word Study →? 5You fed themהֶ֭אֱכַלְתָּםhe·’ĕ·ḵal·tām — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → with the breadלֶ֣חֶםle·ḥem — Bread; food; sustenanceH3899 — Full Word Study → of tearsדִּמְעָ֑הdim·‘āh — tears, weepingH1832 — Full Word Study → and made them drinkוַ֝תַּשְׁקֵ֗מוֹwat·taš·qê·mōw — To water, give drink, irrigateH8248 — Full Word Study → the full measureשָׁלִֽישׁ׃šā·lîš — Officer of high rank; captain; commanderH7991 — Full Word Study → of their tears. 6You make usתְּשִׂימֵ֣נוּtə·śî·mê·nū — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → contendמָ֭דוֹןmā·ḏō·wn — Strife, quarreling, contentionH4066 — Full Word Study → with our neighborsלִשְׁכֵנֵ֑ינוּliš·ḵê·nê·nū — Neighbor; one who dwells nearbyH7934 — Full Word Study →; our enemiesוְ֝אֹיְבֵ֗ינוּwə·’ō·yə·ḇê·nū — Enemy; adversary; one who opposesH341 — Full Word Study → mockיִלְעֲגוּ־yil·‘ă·ḡū- — To mock, deride, or laugh in scornH3932 — Full Word Study → us. 7Restore usהֲשִׁיבֵ֑נוּhă·šî·ḇê·nū — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study →, O Godאֱלֹהִ֣ים’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → of Hostsצְבָא֣וֹתṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study →, and cause Your faceפָּ֝נֶ֗יךָpā·ne·ḵā — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → to shine upon usוְהָאֵ֥רwə·hā·’êr — to shine, give light, become brightH215 — Full Word Study →, that we may be savedוְנִוָּשֵֽׁעָה׃wə·niw·wā·šê·‘āh — To deliver, rescue, or save from dangerH3467 — Full Word Study →. 8You uprootedתַּסִּ֑יעַtas·sî·a‘ — to journey, set out, departH5265 — Full Word Study → a vineגֶּ֭פֶןge·p̄en — grapevine; vine plantH1612 — Full Word Study → from Egyptמִמִּצְרַ֣יִםmim·miṣ·ra·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study →; You drove outתְּגָרֵ֥שׁtə·ḡā·rêš — to drive out, expel, thrust awayH1644 — Full Word Study → the nationsגּ֝וֹיִ֗םgō·w·yim — Nation; a people or ethnic groupH1471 — Full Word Study → and transplanted itוַתִּטָּעֶֽהָ׃wat·tiṭ·ṭā·‘e·hā — to plant, establish, or fix firmlyH5193 — Full Word Study →. 9You cleared the groundפִּנִּ֥יתָpin·nî·ṯā — to turn, face, or direct attentionH6437 — Full Word Study → for itלְפָנֶ֑יהָlə·p̄ā·ne·hā — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →, and it tookוַתַּשְׁרֵ֥שׁwat·taš·rêš — To uproot; to establish or take rootH8327 — Full Word Study → rootשָׁ֝רָשֶׁ֗יהָrā·še·hā — Root; foundation; origin; bottomH8328 — Full Word Study → and filledוַתְּמַלֵּא־wat·tə·mal·lê- — to fill, fulfill, completeH4390 — Full Word Study → the landאָֽרֶץ׃’ā·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study →. 10The mountainsהָרִ֣יםhā·rîm — Mountain, hill, or elevated land massH2022 — Full Word Study → were coveredכָּסּ֣וּkās·sū — to cover, conceal, hideH3680 — Full Word Study → by its shadeצִלָּ֑הּṣil·lāh — shadow; protection; shelterH6738 — Full Word Study →, and the mightyאֵֽל׃’êl — God, Mighty OneH410 — Full Word Study → cedarsאַֽרְזֵי־’ar·zê- — cedar tree; cedar woodH730 — Full Word Study → with its branchesוַ֝עֲנָפֶ֗יהָwa·‘ă·nā·p̄e·hā — Branch or bough of a treeH6057 — Full Word Study →. 11It sent outתְּשַׁלַּ֣חtə·šal·laḥ — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → its branchesקְצִירֶ֣הָqə·ṣî·re·hā — Harvest; the reaping of crops or figuratively, a limb or branchH7105 — Full Word Study → toעַד־‘aḏ- — until, till, up to (temporal or spatial limit)H5704 — Full Word Study → the Seaיָ֑םyām — Sea, body of water; also directional (west, south)H3220 — Full Word Study →, and its shootsיֽוֹנְקוֹתֶֽיהָ׃yō·wn·qō·w·ṯe·hā — tender shoot or young branchH3127 — Full Word Study → towardוְאֶל־wə·’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → the Riverנָ֝הָ֗רnā·hār — River, StreamH5104 — Full Word Study →. 12Whyלָ֭מָּהlām·māh — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → have You broken downפָּרַ֣צְתָּpā·raṣ·tā — to break through, breach, or burst forthH6555 — Full Word Study → its wallsגְדֵרֶ֑יהָḡə·ḏê·re·hā — Wall, fence, or barrier structureH1447 — Full Word Study →, so that allכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → who pass byעֹ֥בְרֵי‘ō·ḇə·rê — to cross over; to pass through or beyondH5674 — Full Word Study → pick its fruitוְ֝אָר֗וּהָwə·’ā·rū·hā — to pluck, gather, or pickH717 — Full Word Study →? 13The boarחֲזִ֣ירḥă·zîr — Swine, pig, unclean animalH2386 — Full Word Study → from the forestמִיָּ֑עַרmī·yå̄·ʿar — Forest; woodland; honeycombH3293 — Full Word Study → ravages itיְכַרְסְמֶ֣נָּֽהyə·ḵar·sə·men·nāh — to tear off, strip, or gnaw awayH3765 — Full Word Study →, and the creaturesוְזִ֖יזwə·zîz — abundance, fullness, wild beastH2123 — Full Word Study → of the fieldשָׂדַ֣יśā·ḏay — A field; cultivated or open landH7704 — Full Word Study → feed upon itיִרְעֶֽנָּה׃yir·‘en·nāh — to shepherd; to tend, feed, or pasture a flockH7462 — Full Word Study →. 14Returnשֽׁ֫וּב־šūḇ- — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study →, O Godאֱלֹהִ֣ים’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → of Hostsצְבָאוֹת֮ṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study →, we prayנָ֥אnā — Please, I beseech, I prayH4994 — Full Word Study →! Look downהַבֵּ֣טhab·bêṭ — To look upon, regard, or behold with attentionH5027 — Full Word Study → from heavenמִשָּׁמַ֣יִםmiš·šā·ma·yim — The heavens; sky; dwelling place of GodH8064 — Full Word Study → and seeוּרְאֵ֑הū·rə·’êh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study →! Attend toוּ֝פְקֹ֗דū·p̄ə·qōḏ — to visit, oversee, appoint, care forH6485 — Full Word Study → thisזֹֽאת׃zōṯ — This, that; demonstrative pronounH2063 — Full Word Study → vineגֶּ֣פֶןge·p̄en — grapevine; vine plantH1612 — Full Word Study → 15the rootוְ֭כַנָּהwə·ḵan·nāh — Vineyard shoot or branchH3657 — Full Word Study → Your right handיְמִינֶ֑ךָyə·mî·ne·ḵā — right hand, right side, southH3225 — Full Word Study → has plantedנָטְעָ֣הnā·ṭə·‘āh — to plant, establish, or fix firmlyH5193 — Full Word Study →, the sonבֵּ֝֗ןbên — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → You have raised upאִמַּ֥צְתָּה’im·maṣ·tāh — To strengthen, make firm, or be courageousH553 — Full Word Study → for Yourself. 16Your vine has been cut down and burnedשְׂרֻפָ֣הśə·ru·p̄āh — to burn, kindle, consume by fireH8313 — Full Word Study →; they perishיֹאבֵֽדוּ׃yō·ḇê·ḏū — To perish, be destroyed, or lostH6 — Full Word Study → at the rebukeמִגַּעֲרַ֖תmig·ga·‘ă·raṯ — A sharp rebuke or reproof; stern correctionH1606 — Full Word Study → of Your countenanceפָּנֶ֣יךָpā·ne·ḵā — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →. 17Let Your handיָ֭דְךָyā·ḏə·ḵā — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → beתְּֽהִי־tə·hî- — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → uponעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the manאִ֣ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → at Your right handיְמִינֶ֑ךָyə·mî·ne·ḵā — right hand, right side, southH3225 — Full Word Study →, onעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the sonבֶּן־ben- — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → of manאָ֝דָ֗ם’ā·ḏām — Man, mankind, human beingH120 — Full Word Study → You have raised upאִמַּ֥צְתָּ’im·maṣ·tā — To strengthen, make firm, or be courageousH553 — Full Word Study → for Yourself. 18Then we will notוְלֹא־wə·lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → turn awayנָס֥וֹגnā·sō·wḡ — to turn back, withdraw, or turn awayH5472 — Full Word Study → from Youמִמֶּ֑ךָּmim·me·kā — from, out of, by means ofH4480 — Full Word Study →; revive usתְּ֝חַיֵּ֗נוּtə·ḥay·yê·nū — To live, to preserve alive, to give lifeH2421 — Full Word Study →, and we will callנִקְרָֽא׃niq·rā — To call, summon, or proclaimH7121 — Full Word Study → on Your nameוּבְשִׁמְךָ֥ū·ḇə·šim·ḵā — Name; reputation; renownH8034 — Full Word Study →. 19Restore usהֲשִׁיבֵ֑נוּhă·šî·ḇê·nū — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study →, O LORDיְה֘וָ֤הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → Godאֱלֹהִ֣ים’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → of Hostsצְבָא֣וֹתṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ — army, host, or organized military forceH6635 — Full Word Study →; cause Your faceפָּ֝נֶ֗יךָpā·ne·ḵā — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → to shine upon usהָאֵ֥רhā·’êr — to shine, give light, become brightH215 — Full Word Study →, that we may be savedוְנִוָּשֵֽׁעָה׃wə·niw·wā·šê·‘āh — To deliver, rescue, or save from dangerH3467 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Psalms 80
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Psalm 80 is a national lament in which Israel, represented by the northern tribes, cries out to God in a time of severe distress and divine judgment. The psalm opens with an urgent plea for God to hear and act (verse 1), then rehearses the nation's past glory as God's planted vineyard (verses 8-11), and contrasts that blessing with present devastation (verses 12-16). Throughout, the refrain "Turn us again, O God" (verses 3, 7, 19) expresses the heart of Israel's prayer: that God would restore His favor and deliver them from their enemies. This psalm teaches us that even in abandonment and suffering, God's people can approach Him with honest lament and confident intercession.

Verses 1-2: The Call for God's Attention and Deliverance

The psalmist addresses God as the "Shepherd of Israel" who "leadest Joseph like a flock." This royal imagery combines the tender care of a shepherd with the might of a king. The reference to Joseph (representing the northern kingdom) and the mention of Ephraim, Benjamin, and Manasseh indicate this psalm likely reflects a crisis in the divided monarchy. The appeal to God as one who "dwellest between the cherubims" points to His presence in the Holy of Holies, emphasizing His transcendent holiness and power. The psalmist begs God to "shine forth"—to reveal His glory and strength in visible, saving action. This is not a casual prayer but an urgent, almost desperate summons for God to break His silence.

Application: When we face overwhelming circumstances, we too can boldly cry out to God, reminding ourselves of His character and past faithfulness, and asking Him to make His presence and power known.

Verses 3-7: The Refrain of Restoration

The repeated cry "Turn us again, O God, and cause thy face to shine; and we shall be saved" (verses 3 and 7) forms the heartbeat of this section. "Turn us again" means to restore, to bring back to a right relationship. The image of God's "face shining" echoes the priestly blessing (Numbers 6:25) and speaks of God's favor, smile, and grace returning to His people. Verse 4 poignantly asks, "How long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people?"—expressing the anguish of feeling that even prayers are met with divine silence. Verses 5-6 paint a picture of present suffering: God feeds them with tears and makes them a mockery to their neighbors, while enemies laugh. Yet notice that even in describing judgment, the psalmist does not accuse God of injustice; rather, he acknowledges that God's anger is the source of their trouble and appeals to Him as the only source of help.

Application: In seasons of spiritual drought or delay, we can honestly name our pain while refusing to lose faith that God alone can restore us. Confession and crying out are not signs of weak faith but of genuine trust.

Verses 8-16: From Glory to Devastation

Here the psalmist recalls God's mighty work: bringing Israel out of Egypt like a vine transplanted and cultivated, removing obstacles, allowing it to take root and flourish until it covered the land (verses 8-11). This poetic memory grounds Israel's lament in historical reality—God has done this before. But then the scene darkens: "Why hast thou then broken down her hedges?" (verse 12). The vineyard, once protected and flourishing, now lies exposed to plunderers and wild beasts that devour it (verses 12-13). Verses 14-16 return to urgent petition: "Return, we beseech thee" and "visit this vine." The destruction is complete: "It is burned with fire, it is cut down" (verse 16).

Application: Remembering past grace during present hardship anchors us in hope. God who has blessed us before can bless us again.

Verses 17-19: The Final Appeal

The closing verses introduce a mysterious figure: "the man of thy right hand, upon the son of man whom thou madest strong for thyself" (verse 17). Many commentators see this as a messianic reference—a vision of God's perfect King through whom restoration will come. Verse 18 offers a solemn covenant: "So will not we go back from thee: quicken us, and we will call upon thy name." The psalm ends with the refrain repeated one final time (verse 19), expressing unshakeable determination to seek God's face.

Application: In lament, we commit ourselves afresh to the Lord and await His restoration, knowing that He will ultimately act through Christ, the perfect King.

Application for Today

Psalm 80 gives us permission to bring our deepest sorrows to God with honesty and urgency. Whether we face personal loss, spiritual dryness, or national trouble, we are invited to remember God's faithfulness, to cry out boldly, and to wait for His grace to shine upon us again. The refrain teaches us that salvation—restoration, healing, and blessing—comes only when God "turns us again" and His face shines upon us in Christ.

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