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Hosea 13

BSB·16 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1When Ephraimאֶפְרַ֙יִם֙’ep̄·ra·yim — Double fruitfulnessH669 — Full Word Study → spokeכְּדַבֵּ֤רkə·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study →, there was tremblingרְתֵ֔תrə·ṯêṯ — trembling, quaking, shudderingH7578 — Full Word Study →; heה֖וּאhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → was exaltedנָשָׂ֥אnā·śā — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study → in Israelבְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לbə·yiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →. But he incurred guiltוַיֶּאְשַׁ֥םway·ye’·šam — to be guilty; to commit offense or trespassH816 — Full Word Study → through Baalבַּבַּ֖עַלbab·ba·‘al — Baal, a pagan deity; false godH1168 — Full Word Study →, and he diedוַיָּמֹֽת׃way·yā·mōṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →. 2Nowוְעַתָּ֣ה׀wə·‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study → they sinלַחֲטֹ֗אla·ḥă·ṭō — To sin; to miss the mark; to commit wrongdoingH2398 — Full Word Study → more and moreיוֹסִ֣פוּyō·w·si·p̄ū — to add, increase, or do againH3254 — Full Word Study → and makeוַיַּעְשׂ֣וּway·ya‘·śū — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → for themselves cast imagesמַסֵּכָ֨הmas·sê·ḵāh — Cast metal image; molten idolH4541 — Full Word Study →, idolsעֲצַבִּ֔ים‘ă·ṣab·bîm — Idol; carved image or object of worshipH6091 — Full Word Study → skillfully madeכִּתְבוּנָם֙kiṯ·ḇū·nām — Prudent understanding; discernment and skillH8394 — Full Word Study → from their silverמִכַּסְפָּ֤םmik·kas·pām — Silver; money; price; valueH3701 — Full Word Study →, allכֻּלֹּ֑הkul·lōh — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → of them the workמַעֲשֵׂ֥הma·‘ă·śêh — Work, deed, or actionH4639 — Full Word Study → of craftsmenחָרָשִׁ֖יםḥā·rā·šîm — skilled craftsman or artisan; one who works with handsH2796 — Full Word Study →. Peopleהֵ֣םhêm — They, them (masculine plural pronoun)H1992 — Full Word Study → say of themאֹמְרִ֔ים’ō·mə·rîm — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “They offer human sacrificeזֹבְחֵ֣יzō·ḇə·ḥê — to slaughter an animal as a sacrifice or offeringH2076 — Full Word Study → and kiss the calvesעֲגָלִ֖ים‘ă·ḡā·lîm — A young bull or calfH5695 — Full Word Study →!” 3Thereforeלָכֵ֗ןlā·ḵên — so, thus, rightly, thereforeH3651 — Full Word Study → they will beיִֽהְיוּ֙yih·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → like the morningבֹּ֔קֶרbō·qer — Morning; daybreak; the early part of the dayH1242 — Full Word Study → mistכַּעֲנַן־ka·‘ă·nan- — cloud; visual manifestation of God's presenceH6051 — Full Word Study →, like the earlyמַשְׁכִּ֣יםmaš·kîm — To rise early, get up in the morningH7925 — Full Word Study → dewוְכַטַּ֖לwə·ḵaṭ·ṭal — dew; moisture from the skyH2919 — Full Word Study → that vanishesהֹלֵ֑ךְhō·lêḵ — to go, walk, travel, proceedH1980 — Full Word Study →, like chaffכְּמֹץ֙kə·mōṣ — Chaff, worthless husks of grainH4671 — Full Word Study → blownיְסֹעֵ֣רyə·sō·‘êr — to rage, storm, or whirl with turbulent forceH5590 — Full Word Study → from a threshing floorמִגֹּ֔רֶןmig·gō·ren — Threshing floor; agricultural work areaH1637 — Full Word Study →, like smokeוּכְעָשָׁ֖ןū·ḵə·‘ā·šān — Smoke; vapor rising from fireH6227 — Full Word Study → through an open windowמֵאֲרֻבָּֽה׃mê·’ă·rub·bāh — window, opening in a wallH699 — Full Word Study →. 4Yet I am the LORDיְהוָ֥הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → your Godאֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → ever since the landמֵאֶ֣רֶץmê·’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Egyptמִצְרָ֑יִםmiṣ·rā·yim — Egypt, the ancient nationH4714 — Full Word Study →; you knowתֵדָ֔עṯê·ḏā‘ — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → noלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → Godוֵאלֹהִ֤יםwê·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → but Meזֽוּלָתִי֙zū·lā·ṯî — except, only, but, saveH2108 — Full Word Study →, for there is no Saviorוּמוֹשִׁ֥יעַū·mō·wō·šî·a‘ — To deliver, rescue, or save from dangerH3467 — Full Word Study → besides Meבִּלְתִּֽי׃bil·tî — without, except, lest, or nothing butH1115 — Full Word Study →. 5Iאֲנִ֥י’ă·nî — I, me, myself (first person singular pronoun)H589 — Full Word Study → knew youיְדַעְתִּ֖יךָyə·ḏa‘·tî·ḵā — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → in the wildernessבַּמִּדְבָּ֑רbam·miḏ·bār — Desert; wilderness; pasture; speechH4057 — Full Word Study →, in the landבְּאֶ֖רֶץbə·’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of droughtתַּלְאֻבֽוֹת׃tal·’u·ḇō·wṯ — drought; severe lack of waterH8514 — Full Word Study →. 6When they had pastureכְּמַרְעִיתָם֙kə·mar·‘î·ṯām — Pasture, flock, or grazing groundH4830 — Full Word Study →, they became satisfiedוַיִּשְׂבָּ֔עוּway·yiś·bā·‘ū — to satisfy, fill, have enoughH7646 — Full Word Study →; when they were satisfiedשָׂבְע֖וּśā·ḇə·‘ū — to satisfy, fill, have enoughH7646 — Full Word Study →, their heartsלִבָּ֑םlib·bām — Heart; the center of emotion, will, and intellectH3820 — Full Word Study → became proudוַיָּ֣רָםway·yā·rām — To raise, lift up, exalt; to be highH7311 — Full Word Study →, and as a resultעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → they forgot Meשְׁכֵחֽוּנִי׃šə·ḵê·ḥū·nî — to forget, neglect, lose memory ofH7911 — Full Word Study →. 7So likeכְּמוֹ־kə·mōw- — Like; according to; asH3644 — Full Word Study → a lionשָׁ֑חַלšā·ḥal — A fierce lion; a powerful predatorH7826 — Full Word Study → I will pounceוָאֱהִ֥יwā·’ĕ·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → on them; like a leopardכְּנָמֵ֖רkə·nā·mêr — leopard; spotted big catH5246 — Full Word Study → I will lurkאָשֽׁוּר׃’ā·šūr — To see, observe, or watchH7789 — Full Word Study → byעַל־‘al- — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → the pathדֶּ֥רֶךְde·reḵ — way, path, journey, conductH1870 — Full Word Study →. 8Like a bearכְּדֹ֣בkə·ḏōḇ — Bear (animal)H1677 — Full Word Study → robbed of her cubsשַׁכּ֔וּלšak·kūl — Childless, bereaved of childrenH7909 — Full Word Study → I will attack themאֶפְגְּשֵׁם֙’ep̄·gə·šêm — To meet, encounter, or come togetherH6298 — Full Word Study →, and I will tearוְאֶקְרַ֖עwə·’eq·ra‘ — to tear, rend, or split apartH7167 — Full Word Study → open their chestsסְג֣וֹרsə·ḡō·wr — enclosure, caul, membraneH5458 — Full Word Study →. Thereשָׁם֙šām — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study → I will devour themוְאֹכְלֵ֥םwə·’ō·ḵə·lêm — to eat, consume, devourH398 — Full Word Study → like a lionכְּלָבִ֔יאkə·lā·ḇî — Lion; symbol of strength and ferocityH3833 — Full Word Study →, like a wildהַשָּׂדֶ֖הhaś·śā·ḏeh — A field; cultivated or open landH7704 — Full Word Study → beastחַיַּ֥תḥay·yaṯ — alive, living, lifeH2416 — Full Word Study → would tear them apart. 9You are destroyedשִֽׁחֶתְךָ֥ši·ḥeṯ·ḵā — to destroy, ruin, or corruptH7843 — Full Word Study →, O Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyiś·rā·’êl — God prevailsH3478 — Full Word Study →, because you areכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → against Me— against your helperבְעֶזְרֶֽךָ׃ḇə·‘ez·re·ḵā — Helper, aid, or one who assistsH5828 — Full Word Study →. 10Where isאֱהִ֤י’ĕ·hî — Where? (interrogative adverb of place)H165 — Full Word Study → your kingמַלְכְּךָ֙mal·kə·ḵā — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → nowאֵפ֔וֹא’ê·p̄ō·w — where, here, thenH645 — Full Word Study → to save youוְיוֹשִֽׁיעֲךָ֖wə·yō·wō·šî·‘ă·ḵā — To deliver, rescue, or save from dangerH3467 — Full Word Study → in allבְּכָל־bə·ḵāl — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → your citiesעָרֶ֑יךָ‘ā·re·ḵā — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study →, and the rulersוְשֹׁ֣פְטֶ֔יךָwə·šō·p̄ə·ṭe·ḵā — to judge, govern, or execute justiceH8199 — Full Word Study → to whomאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → you saidאָמַ֔רְתָּ’ā·mar·tā — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Giveתְּנָה־tə·nāh- — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → me a kingמֶ֥לֶךְme·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study → and princesוְשָׂרִֽים׃wə·śā·rîm — Ruler, leader, or one in authorityH8269 — Full Word Study →”? 11So in My angerבְּאַפִּ֔יbə·’ap·pî — Anger, wrath, face, or noseH639 — Full Word Study → I gaveאֶֽתֶּן־’et·ten- — to give, grant, or bestowH5414 — Full Word Study → you a kingמֶ֙לֶךְ֙me·leḵ — A male ruler or sovereign who governs a nation or kingdomH4428 — Full Word Study →, and in My wrathבְּעֶבְרָתִֽי׃סbə·‘eḇ·rā·ṯî — Fury, rage, intense angerH5678 — Full Word Study → I took him away. 12The iniquityעֲוֺ֣ן‘ă·wōn — Iniquity, guilt, or moral wrongdoingH5771 — Full Word Study → of Ephraimאֶפְרָ֔יִם’ep̄·rā·yim — Double fruitfulnessH669 — Full Word Study → is bound up; his sinחַטָּאתֽוֹ׃ḥaṭ·ṭā·ṯōw — sin; sin offering; sinfulnessH2403 — Full Word Study → is stored up. 13Laborיֽוֹלֵדָ֖הyō·w·lê·ḏāh — to give birth, beget, or bear a childH3205 — Full Word Study → painsחֶבְלֵ֥יḥeḇ·lê — Rope, cord, line; inheritance; pain, sorrowH2256 — Full Word Study → comeיָבֹ֣אוּyā·ḇō·’ū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → upon him, but he isהוּא־hū- — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → an unwiseחָכָ֔םḥā·ḵām — Wise, skilled, or cunning in understanding and discernmentH2450 — Full Word Study → sonבֵן֙ḇên — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study →. Whenכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → the time arrivesעֵ֥ת‘êṯ — Time, season, or appointed momentH6256 — Full Word Study →, heבָּנִֽים׃bā·nîm — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → failsלֹֽא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → to present himselfיַעֲמֹ֖דya·‘ă·mōḏ — to stand, take a stand, be establishedH5975 — Full Word Study → at the opening of the wombבְּמִשְׁבַּ֥רbə·miš·bar — birth, breaking forth, labor painsH4866 — Full Word Study →. 14I will ransom themאֶפְדֵּ֔ם’ep̄·dêm — to redeem, ransom, or buy backH6299 — Full Word Study → from the powerמִיַּ֤דmî·yaḏ — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → of Sheolשְׁאוֹל֙šə·’ō·wl — The grave; the abode of the dead; the underworldH7585 — Full Word Study →; I will redeem themאֶגְאָלֵ֑ם’eḡ·’ā·lêm — to redeem; to act as kinsman-redeemerH1350 — Full Word Study → from Deathמִמָּ֖וֶתmim·mā·weṯ — death, the state of being deadH4194 — Full Word Study →. Whereאֱהִ֨י’ĕ·hî — Where? (interrogative adverb of place)H165 — Full Word Study →, O Deathמָ֗וֶתmā·weṯ — death, the state of being deadH4194 — Full Word Study →, are your plaguesדְבָרֶיךָ֜ḏə·ḇå̄·rɛ·ḵå̄ — Pestilence, plague, or disease as divine judgmentH1698 — Full Word Study →? Whereאֱהִ֤י’ĕ·hî — Where? (interrogative adverb of place)H165 — Full Word Study →, O Sheolשְׁא֔וֹלšə·’ō·wl — The grave; the abode of the dead; the underworldH7585 — Full Word Study →, is your stingקָֽטָבְךָ֙qā·ṭā·ḇə·ḵā — Sudden destruction or pestilence; plagueH6987 — Full Word Study →? Compassionנֹ֖חַםnō·ḥam — Comfort, consolation, compassionH5164 — Full Word Study → is hiddenיִסָּתֵ֥רyis·sā·ṯêr — To hide, conceal, or keep secretH5641 — Full Word Study → from My eyesמֵעֵינָֽי׃mê·‘ê·nāy — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study →. 15Althoughכִּ֣יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → heה֔וּאhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → flourishesיַפְרִ֑יאyap̄·rî — Be fruitful, multiply, increase abundantlyH6500 — Full Word Study → amongבֵּ֥ןbēn — Son; descendant; member of a groupH1121 — Full Word Study → his brothersאַחִ֖ים’a·ḥîm — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study →, an east windקָדִים֩qā·ḏîm — east; eastward; east windH6921 — Full Word Study → will comeיָב֣וֹאyā·ḇō·w — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study →a windר֨וּחַrū·aḥ — Spirit, breath, wind, or inner dispositionH7307 — Full Word Study → from the LORDיְהוָ֜הYah·weh — The LORD; God's covenant nameH3068 — Full Word Study → rising upעֹלֶ֗ה‘ō·leh — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → from the desertמִמִּדְבָּ֣רmim·miḏ·bār — Desert; wilderness; pasture; speechH4057 — Full Word Study →. His fountainמְקוֹרוֹ֙mə·qō·w·rōw — A spring, fountain, or source of waterH4726 — Full Word Study → will failוְיֵב֤וֹשׁwə·yê·ḇō·wōš — to wither, dry up, or be ashamedH3001 — Full Word Study →, and his springמַעְיָנ֔וֹma‘·yā·nōw — Natural spring or fountain of waterH4599 — Full Word Study → will run dryוְיֶחֱרַ֣בwə·ye·ḥĕ·raḇ — to be desolate, wither, or be destroyedH2717 — Full Word Study →. The windה֣וּאhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → will plunderיִשְׁסֶ֔הyiš·seh — to plunder, rob, or spoilH8154 — Full Word Study → his treasuryאוֹצַ֖ר’ō·w·ṣar — Storehouse or treasury; a place where valuables are keptH214 — Full Word Study → of everyכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → preciousחֶמְדָּֽה׃ḥem·dāh — that which is desired; a precious or pleasant thingH2532 — Full Word Study → articleכְּלִ֥יkə·lî — vessel, instrument, or article of useH3627 — Full Word Study →. 16Samariaשֹֽׁמְר֔וֹןšō·mə·rō·wn — Northern kingdom's capitalH8111 — Full Word Study → will bear her guiltתֶּאְשַׁם֙te’·šam — to be guilty; to commit offense or trespassH816 — Full Word Study → becauseכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → she has rebelledמָרְתָ֖הmā·rə·ṯāh — to rebel, provoke, resist authorityH4784 — Full Word Study → against her Godבֵּֽאלֹהֶ֑יהָbê·lō·he·hā — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study →. They will fallיִפֹּ֔לוּyip·pō·lū — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → by the swordבַּחֶ֣רֶבba·ḥe·reḇ — sword; blade weaponH2719 — Full Word Study →; their little onesעֹלְלֵיהֶ֣ם‘ō·lə·lê·hem — Infant, young child, babeH5768 — Full Word Study → will be dashed to piecesיְרֻטָּ֔שׁוּyə·ruṭ·ṭā·šū — To dash in pieces; to shatter violentlyH7376 — Full Word Study →, and their pregnantוְהָרִיּוֹתָ֖יוwə·hā·rî·yō·w·ṯāw — pregnant, with child, conceiveH2030 — Full Word Study → women ripped openיְבֻקָּֽעוּ׃פyə·ḇuq·qā·‘ū — To break open, split, or break throughH1234 — Full Word Study →.
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Chapter Commentary — Hosea 13
Chapter Overview

Overview

Hosea 13 presents a stark portrait of spiritual decline and divine judgment balanced with a surprising word of hope. Israel's history is traced from a position of early honor and God's election (when Ephraim "spake trembling," he was respected) to a state of utter corruption through idolatry and forgetfulness of God. The chapter moves through vivid descriptions of God's judgment—comparing Him to a ferocious wild animal—yet even amid warnings of exile and devastation, a redemptive word breaks through (v. 14). This chapter epitomizes Hosea's central message: covenant unfaithfulness brings judgment, but God's mercy endures.

Verses 1-5: From Honor to Offense

Ephraim (the northern kingdom) once held a position of respect and spiritual significance in Israel. When Ephraim "spake trembling," people listened with reverence; the nation had been exalted (v. 1). Yet this honor was surrendered the moment they "offended in Baal"—turning to the false god brought spiritual death. The tragedy deepens in verses 2-3: rather than repenting, Israel "sin more and more," crafting silver idols and kissing calf statues in pagan worship. The consequence is vividly portrayed: Israel will vanish "as the morning cloud and as the early dew"—their substance, their security, their future will evaporate like morning mist in the sun.

Verse 4 offers a crucial reminder: God had revealed Himself since Egypt; He alone is Savior. Verse 5 recalls the wilderness journey—a time when Israel knew God's provision and care in utter dependence. Yet they forgot. Application: We too can exchange a living relationship with Jesus for hollow religious routines. Remembering what God has done for us—our spiritual "Egypt" and "wilderness"—anchors us against the drift toward idolatry.

Verses 6-9: Fullness Leading to Forgetfulness

Blessing became their stumbling block. As Israel's pastures filled them with abundance (v. 6), their hearts became proud and they "forgotten me." Prosperity, unaccompanied by gratitude and dependence, is spiritually lethal. God's response is swift and severe (vv. 7-8): He will become "as a lion," "as a leopard," and "as a bear that is bereaved of her whelps"—a mother protecting territory from threat. These images emphasize not cruelty, but righteous protection of covenant relationship and the holiness God demands.

Verse 9 strikes a profound note: "O Israel, thou hast destroyed thyself; but in me is thine help." Self-destruction is real and self-inflicted; yet simultaneously, help remains available in God alone. This mirrors the gospel: we are ruined by sin, but salvation is found only in Christ. Application: Acknowledge both personal responsibility for sin and absolute dependence on God's mercy.

Verses 10-14: Judgment and Redemption

Israel demanded earthly kings instead of trusting God as their King (v. 10). God granted their request in anger, then withdrew it in wrath (v. 11)—likely referring to the kingdom's instability and Assyrian conquest. Verses 12-13 describe sin as bound and hidden, yet pressing Israel like labor pains; judgment cannot be delayed indefinitely.

Then comes verse 14, the golden word: "I will ransom them from the power of the grave; I will redeem them from death." Even facing exile and death, redemption is promised. Paul quotes this verse in 1 Corinthians 15:55, applying it to Christ's resurrection victory. God's judgment is real, but His mercy endures.

Verses 15-16: Final Desolation

The east wind of judgment will dry Samaria's springs and bring military devastation. This fulfilled when Assyria conquered Israel in 722 BC. Yet the chapter's redemptive promise (v. 14) reminds us that judgment is never God's final word to His people.

Application for Today

Hosea 13 challenges us to guard our hearts against spiritual complacency born of comfort, to remember God's faithfulness, and to hold fast to Christ alone as our Savior and King. Whatever judgment sin deserves, Christ has borne it. Our calling is faithful covenant love in response to His grace.

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