Overview
An ephah was a dry measure containing approximately one bushel (about 22 liters or 0.8 cubic feet), commonly used to measure grain, flour, and other dry goods in biblical times. The ephah appears throughout Scripture in contexts of commerce, daily provision, and temple offerings, reflecting both human need and God's sufficiency.
Key Scriptures
"Then Boaz said, 'Bring the shawl you are wearing and hold it out.' When she did, he measured out six ephahs of barley and placed the bundle on her" (Ruth 3:15, NIV).
"An ephah of fine flour mingled with half a hin of oil: this is the meal offering" (Leviticus 6:20, ESV).
"And there came a woman with an alabaster flask of ointment...and she began to wet his feet with her tears" (Luke 7:37-38, relates to ancient measures of value and provision).
Application
When studying Old Testament narratives and laws, recognize references to ephahs to better understand the material circumstances of biblical characters and the specific requirements of God's commands.