Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)
Mighty; strength. (1.) One of the chief towns of the kingdom of Bashan (Josh. 12:4, 5). Here Og was defeated by the Israelites, and the strength of the Amorites broken (Num. 21:33-35). It subsequently belonged to Manasseh, for a short time apparently, and afterwards became the abode of banditti and outlaws (Josh. 13:31). It has been identified with the modern Edr’a, which stands on a rocky promontory on the south-west edge of the Lejah (the
Argob of the Hebrews, and Trachonitis of the Greeks). The ruins of Edr’a are the most extensive in the Hauran. They are 3 miles in circumference. A number of the ancient houses still remain; the walls, roofs, and doors being all of stone. The wild region of which Edrei was the capital is thus described in its modern aspect: “Elevated about 20 feet above the plain, it is a labyrinth of clefts and crevasses in the rock, formed by volcanic
action; and owing to its impenetrable condition, it has become a refuge for outlaws and turbulent characters, who make it a sort of Cave of Adullam...It is, in fact, an impregnable natural fortress, about 20 miles in length and 15 in breadth” (Porter’s Syria, etc.). Beneath this wonderful city there is also a subterranean city, hollowed out probably as a refuge for the population of the upper city in times of danger. (See BASHAN.) (2.) A town
of Naphtali (Josh. 19:37).
Smith's Bible Dictionary (1863)
(stronghold).
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible (1898) & Schaff's Bible Dictionary
ED'REI (strength, stronghold). A capital city of Bashan. Num 21:33; Deut 3:1-10. It was in the territory of Manasseh beyond (east of) Jordan. Num 32:33. It is not noticed in later Bible history, although it was an important city until the seventh century of the Christian era. Its ruins, called Edhra, cover a circuit of 3 miles. Without a spring, river, or stream, without access except over rocks and through nearly impassable defiles, without tree
or garden, it is a place of security and strength. Among the ruins are remains of churches, temples, and mosques. The place has now about 500 population. A town of Naphtali. Num 19:37. Porter identifies it with Tell Khuraiheh, near Kedesh; Conder with Yater.
Hitchcock's Bible Names (1869)
a very great mass, or cloud