Note: Words are shown in their original Greek order, which differs from English translations. This reflects the emphasis and structure of Scripture as originally written. Click any word to see its full lexicon entry.
1 I ask then, did God reject His people? Certainly not! I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham, from the tribe of Benjamin.
Λέγω οὖν μὴ ἀπώσατο ὁ θεὸς τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ μὴ γένοιτο καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ Ἰσραηλίτης εἰμί ἐκ σπέρματος Ἀβραάμ φυλῆς Βενιαμίν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing I ask G3004 Λέγω λέγω légō V-Pres-Act-Ind-Sg-1P then G3767 οὖν oûn Conj not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ Part did reject G683 ἀπώσατο ἀπωθέομαι apōthéomai V-Aor-Mid-Ind-Sg-3P the G3588 ὁ ho Art-Nom-Sg-M God G2316 θεὸς θεός theós N-Nom-Sg-M the G3588 τὸν ὁ ho Art-Acc-Sg-M people G2992 λαὸν λαός laós N-Acc-Sg-M of Him? G846 αὐτοῦ αὐτός autós Pers-Gen-Sg-M Never G3361 μὴ μή mḗ Nega would it be! G1096 γένοιτο γίνομαι gínomai V-2nd-Mid-Opt-Sg-3P Also G2532 καὶ καί kaí Conj for G1063 γὰρ γάρ gár Conj I myself G1473 ἐγὼ ἐγώ egṓ Pers-Nom-Sg-1P an Israelite G2475 Ἰσραηλίτης Israēlítēs N-Nom-Sg-M am G1510 εἰμί eimí V-Pres-Act-Ind-Sg-1P of [the] G1537 ἐκ ek Prep seed G4690 σπέρματος σπέρμα spérma N-Gen-Sg-N of Abraham G11 Ἀβραάμ Abraám N-Gen-Sg-M of [the] tribe G5443 φυλῆς φυλή phylḗ N-Gen-Sg-F of Benjamin G958 Βενιαμίν Beniamín N-Gen-Sg-M
2 God did not reject His people, whom He foreknew. Do you not know what the Scripture says about Elijah, how he appealed to God against Israel:
οὐκ ἀπώσατο ὁ θεὸς τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ ὃν προέγνω ἢ οὐκ οἴδατε ἐν Ἠλίᾳ τί λέγει ἡ γραφή ὡς ἐντυγχάνει τῷ θεῷ κατὰ τοῦ Ἰσραήλ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Not G3756 οὐκ οὐ ou Nega did reject G683 ἀπώσατο ἀπωθέομαι apōthéomai V-Aor-Mid-Ind-Sg-3P the G3588 ὁ ho Art-Nom-Sg-M God G2316 θεὸς θεός theós N-Nom-Sg-M the G3588 τὸν ὁ ho Art-Acc-Sg-M people G2992 λαὸν λαός laós N-Acc-Sg-M of Him G846 αὐτοῦ αὐτός autós Pers-Gen-Sg-M whom G3739 ὃν ὅς hós Rela-Acc-Sg-M foreknow (ordain) G4267 προέγνω προγινώσκω proginṓskō V-2nd-Act-Ind-Sg-3P Or G2228 ἢ ἤ ḗ Conj not G3756 οὐκ οὐ ou Nega know you G1492 οἴδατε εἴδω eídō V-Perf-Act-Ind-Pl-2P in G1722 ἐν en Prep Elijah G2243 Ἠλίᾳ Ἡλίας Hēlías N-Dat-Sg-M what G5101 τί τίς tís Inte-Acc-Sg-N says G3004 λέγει λέγω légō V-Pres-Act-Ind-Sg-3P the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho Art-Nom-Sg-F Scripture G1124 γραφή graphḗ N-Nom-Sg-F how G5613 ὡς hōs Conj he pleads G1793 ἐντυγχάνει ἐντυγχάνω entynchánō V-Pres-Act-Ind-Sg-3P the G3588 τῷ ὁ ho Art-Dat-Sg-M with God G2316 θεῷ θεός theós N-Dat-Sg-M against G2596 κατὰ κατά katá PREP the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSM Israel G2474 Ἰσραήλ Israḗl N-GSM-L
3 “Lord, they have killed Your prophets and torn down Your altars. I am the only one left, and they are seeking my life as well”?
κύριε τοὺς προφήτας σου ἀπέκτειναν τὰ θυσιαστήριά σου κατέσκαψαν ὑπελείφθην μόνος καὶ ζητοῦσιν τὴν ψυχήν μου
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Lord G2962 κύριε κύριος kýrios N-VSM the G3588 τοὺς ὁ ho T-APM prophets G4396 προφήτας προφήτης prophḗtēs N-APM of You G4771 σου σύ sý P-2GS they have killed G615 ἀπέκτειναν ἀποκτείνω apokteínō V-AAI-3P the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-APN altars G2379 θυσιαστήριά θυσιαστήριον thysiastḗrion N-APN of You G4771 σου σύ sý P-2GS they have torn down G2679 κατέσκαψαν κατασκάπτω kataskáptō V-AAI-3P were left G5275 ὑπελείφθην ὑπολείπω hypoleípō V-API-1S alone G3441 μόνος mónos A-NSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ they are seeking G2212 ζητοῦσιν ζητέω zētéō V-PAI-3P the G3588 τὴν ὁ ho T-ASF life G5590 ψυχήν ψυχή psychḗ N-ASF of me G1473 μου ἐγώ egṓ P-1GS
4 And what was the divine reply to him? “I have reserved for Myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.”
ἀλλὰ τί λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ χρηματισμός κατέλιπον ἐμαυτῷ ἑπτακισχιλίους ἄνδρας οἵτινες οὐκ ἔκαμψαν γόνυ τῇ Βάαλ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing But G235 ἀλλὰ ἀλλά allá CONJ what [was] G5101 τί τίς tís I-ASN spoken G3004 λέγει λέγω légō V-PAI-3S to him G846 αὐτῷ αὐτός autós P-DSM the G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM divine answer? G5538 χρηματισμός chrēmatismós N-NSM I have left G2641 κατέλιπον καταλείπω kataleípō V-2AAI-1S to Myself G1683 ἐμαυτῷ ἐμαυτοῦ emautoû F-1DSM seven thousand G2035 ἑπτακισχιλίους ἑπτακισχίλιοι heptakischílioi A-APM men G435 ἄνδρας ἀνήρ anḗr N-APM who G3748 οἵτινες ὅστις hóstis R-NPM not G3756 οὐκ οὐ ou PRT-N bowed G2578 ἔκαμψαν κάμπτω kámptō V-AAI-3P [the] knee G1119 γόνυ góny N-ASN the G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF to Baal G896 Βάαλ Báal N-GSM-T
5 In the same way, at the present time there is a remnant chosen by grace.
οὕτως οὖν καὶ ἐν τῷ νῦν καιρῷ λεῖμμα κατ᾽ ἐκλογὴν χάριτος γέγονεν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Thus G3779 οὕτως οὕτω hoútō ADV then G3767 οὖν oûn CONJ also G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ in G1722 ἐν en PREP the G3588 τῷ ὁ ho T-DSM present G3568 νῦν nŷn ADV time G2540 καιρῷ καιρός kairós N-DSM a remnant G3005 λεῖμμα leîmma N-NSN according to G2596 κατ᾽ κατά katá PREP [the] election G1589 ἐκλογὴν ἐκλογή eklogḗ N-ASF of grace G5485 χάριτος χάρις cháris N-GSF there has been G1096 γέγονεν γίνομαι gínomai V-2RAI-3S
6 And if it is by grace, then it is no longer by works. Otherwise, grace would no longer be grace.
εἰ δὲ χάριτι οὐκέτι ἐξ ἔργων ἐπεὶ ἡ χάρις οὐκέτι γίνεται χάρις
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing If G1487 εἰ ei CONJ now G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ by grace G5485 χάριτι χάρις cháris N-DSF no longer G3765 οὐκέτι oukéti ADV from G1537 ἐξ ἐκ ek PREP works G2041 ἔργων ἔργον érgon N-GPN otherwise G1893 ἐπεὶ ἐπεί epeí CONJ the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF grace G5485 χάρις cháris N-NSF no longer G3765 οὐκέτι oukéti ADV would be G1096 γίνεται γίνομαι gínomai V-PNI-3S grace G5485 χάρις cháris N-NSF
7 What then? What Israel was seeking, it failed to obtain, but the elect did. The others were hardened,
Τί οὖν ὃ ἐπιζητεῖ Ἰσραήλ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐπέτυχεν ἡ δὲ ἐκλογὴ ἐπέτυχεν οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ ἐπωρώθησαν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing What G5101 Τί τίς tís I-ASN then? G3767 οὖν oûn CONJ What G3739 ὃ ὅς hós R-ASN is seeking G1934 ἐπιζητεῖ ἐπιζητέω epizētéō V-PAI-3S Israel G2474 Ἰσραήλ Israḗl N-NSM-L this G3778 τοῦτο οὗτος hoûtos D-ASN not G3756 οὐκ οὐ ou PRT-N it has obtained G2013 ἐπέτυχεν ἐπιτυγχάνω epitynchánō V-2AAI-3S the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF but G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ the elect G1589 ἐκλογὴ ἐκλογή eklogḗ N-NSF obtained [it] G2013 ἐπέτυχεν ἐπιτυγχάνω epitynchánō V-2AAI-3S The G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM now G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ rest G3062 λοιποὶ λοιποί loipoí A-NPM were hardened G4456 ἐπωρώθησαν πωρόω pōróō V-API-3P
8 as it is written: “God gave them a spirit of stupor, eyes that could not see, and ears that could not hear, to this very day.”
καθὼς γέγραπται ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ὁ θεὸς πνεῦμα κατανύξεως ὀφθαλμοὺς τοῦ μὴ βλέπειν καὶ ὦτα τοῦ μὴ ἀκούειν ἕως τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing even as G2531 καθὼς καθώς kathṓs CONJ it has been written: G1125 γέγραπται γράφω gráphō V-RPI-3S Gave G1325 ἔδωκεν δίδωμι dídōmi V-AAI-3S to them G846 αὐτοῖς αὐτός autós P-DPM the G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM God G2316 θεὸς θεός theós N-NSM a spirit G4151 πνεῦμα pneûma N-ASN of stupor G2659 κατανύξεως κατάνυξις katányxis N-GSF eyes G3788 ὀφθαλμοὺς ὀφθαλμός ophthalmós N-APM the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSN not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N to see G991 βλέπειν βλέπω blépō V-PAN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ ears G3775 ὦτα οὖς oûs N-APN the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSN not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N to hear G191 ἀκούειν ἀκούω akoúō V-PAN unto G2193 ἕως héōs PREP the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF today G4594 σήμερον sḗmeron ADV day G2250 ἡμέρας ἡμέρα hēméra N-GSF
9 And David says: “May their table become a snare and a trap, a stumbling block and a retribution to them.
καὶ Δαυὶδ λέγει γενηθήτω ἡ τράπεζα αὐτῶν εἰς παγίδα καὶ εἰς θήραν καὶ εἰς σκάνδαλον καὶ εἰς ἀνταπόδομα αὐτοῖς
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ David G1138 Δαυὶδ Δαβίδ Dabíd N-NSM-P says: G3004 λέγει λέγω légō V-PAI-3S should be G1096 γενηθήτω γίνομαι gínomai V-AOM-3S the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF table G5132 τράπεζα trápeza N-NSF of them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM for G1519 εἰς eis PREP a snare G3803 παγίδα παγίς pagís N-ASF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ for G1519 εἰς eis PREP a trap G2339 θήραν θήρα thḗra N-ASF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ for G1519 εἰς eis PREP a stumbling block G4625 σκάνδαλον skándalon N-ASN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ for G1519 εἰς eis PREP a retribution G468 ἀνταπόδομα antapódoma N-ASN to them G846 αὐτοῖς αὐτός autós P-DPM
10 May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see, and their backs be bent forever.”
σκοτισθήτωσαν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ αὐτῶν τοῦ μὴ βλέπειν καὶ τὸν νῶτον αὐτῶν διὰ παντὸς σύγκαμψον
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing should be darkened G4654 σκοτισθήτωσαν σκοτίζω skotízō V-APM-3P the G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM eyes G3788 ὀφθαλμοὶ ὀφθαλμός ophthalmós N-NPM of them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSN not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N to see G991 βλέπειν βλέπω blépō V-PAN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 τὸν ὁ ho T-ASM backs G3577 νῶτον νῶτος nōtos N-ASM of them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM for G1223 διὰ διά diá PREP all [times] G3956 παντὸς πᾶς pâs A-GSM bow down G4781 σύγκαμψον συγκάμπτω synkámptō V-AAM-2S
11 I ask then, did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Certainly not! However, because of their trespass, salvation has come to the Gentiles to make Israel jealous.
Λέγω οὖν μὴ ἔπταισαν ἵνα πέσωσιν μὴ γένοιτο ἀλλὰ τῷ αὐτῶν παραπτώματι ἡ σωτηρία τοῖς ἔθνεσιν εἰς τὸ παραζηλῶσαι αὐτούς
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing I say G3004 Λέγω λέγω légō V-PAI-1S then G3767 οὖν oûn CONJ surely not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT they did stumble G4417 ἔπταισαν πταίω ptaíō V-AAI-3P so that G2443 ἵνα hína CONJ they may fall? G4098 πέσωσιν πίπτω píptō V-2AAS-3P Never G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N would it be! G1096 γένοιτο γίνομαι gínomai V-2ADO-3S But G235 ἀλλὰ ἀλλά allá CONJ in the G3588 τῷ ὁ ho T-DSN of them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM trespass G3900 παραπτώματι παράπτωμα paráptōma N-DSN the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF [is] salvation G4991 σωτηρία sōtēría N-NSF to the G3588 τοῖς ὁ ho T-DPN Gentiles G1484 ἔθνεσιν ἔθνος éthnos N-DPN so as G1519 εἰς eis PREP the G3588 τὸ ὁ ho T-ASN to provoke to jealousy G3863 παραζηλῶσαι παραζηλόω parazēlóō V-AAN them G846 αὐτούς αὐτός autós P-APM
12 But if their trespass means riches for the world, and their failure means riches for the Gentiles, how much greater riches will their fullness bring!
εἰ δὲ τὸ παράπτωμα αὐτῶν πλοῦτος κόσμου καὶ τὸ ἥττημα αὐτῶν πλοῦτος ἐθνῶν πόσῳ μᾶλλον τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτῶν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing If G1487 εἰ ei CONJ however G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ the G3588 τὸ ὁ ho T-NSN trespass G3900 παράπτωμα paráptōma N-NSN of them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM [is] riches G4149 πλοῦτος ploûtos N-NSM of [the] world G2889 κόσμου κόσμος kósmos N-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 τὸ ὁ ho T-NSN failure G2275 ἥττημα hḗttēma N-NSN of them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM [is the] riches G4149 πλοῦτος ploûtos N-NSM of [the] Gentiles G1484 ἐθνῶν ἔθνος éthnos N-GPN how much G4214 πόσῳ πόσος pósos Q-DSN more G3123 μᾶλλον mâllon ADV the G3588 τὸ ὁ ho T-NSN fullness G4138 πλήρωμα plḗrōma N-NSN her G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM
13 I am speaking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch as I am the apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry
Ὑμῖν δὲ λέγω τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἐφ᾽ ὅσον μὲν οὖν εἰμι ἐγὼ ἐθνῶν ἀπόστολος τὴν διακονίαν μου δοξάζω
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing To you G4771 Ὑμῖν σύ sý P-2DP now G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ I am speaking G3004 λέγω légō V-PAI-1S the G3588 τοῖς ὁ ho T-DPN Gentiles G1484 ἔθνεσιν ἔθνος éthnos N-DPN Upon G1909 ἐφ᾽ ἐπί epí PREP as much as G3745 ὅσον ὅσος hósos K-ASN indeed G3303 μὲν μέν mén PRT therefore G3767 οὖν oûn CONJ am G1510 εἰμι εἰμί eimí V-PAI-1S I myself G1473 ἐγὼ ἐγώ egṓ P-1NS of [the] Gentiles G1484 ἐθνῶν ἔθνος éthnos N-GPN apostle G652 ἀπόστολος apóstolos N-NSM the G3588 τὴν ὁ ho T-ASF ministry G1248 διακονίαν διακονία diakonía N-ASF of mine G1473 μου ἐγώ egṓ P-1GS I magnify G1392 δοξάζω doxázō V-PAI-1S
14 in the hope that I may provoke my own people to jealousy and save some of them.
εἴ πως παραζηλώσω μου τὴν σάρκα καὶ σώσω τινὰς ἐξ αὐτῶν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing if G1487 εἴ εἰ ei PRT at all G4459 πως πῶς pōs ADV I will provoke to jealousy G3863 παραζηλώσω παραζηλόω parazēlóō V-FAI-1S of me G1473 μου ἐγώ egṓ P-1GS the G3588 τὴν ὁ ho T-ASF flesh G4561 σάρκα σάρξ sárx N-ASF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ will save G4982 σώσω σώζω sṓzō V-FAI-1S some G5100 τινὰς τὶς tìs X-APM of G1537 ἐξ ἐκ ek PREP them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM
15 For if their rejection is the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?
εἰ γὰρ ἡ ἀποβολὴ αὐτῶν καταλλαγὴ κόσμου τίς ἡ πρόσλημψις εἰ μὴ ζωὴ ἐκ νεκρῶν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing If G1487 εἰ ei CONJ for G1063 γὰρ γάρ gár CONJ the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF rejection G580 ἀποβολὴ ἀποβολή apobolḗ N-NSF of them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM [is the] reconciliation G2643 καταλλαγὴ καταλλαγή katallagḗ N-NSF of [the] world G2889 κόσμου κόσμος kósmos N-GSM what [will be] G5101 τίς tís I-NSF the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF acceptance G4356 πρόσλημψις πρόσληψις próslēpsis N-NSF only G1487 εἰ ei CONJ except G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N life G2222 ζωὴ ζωή zōḗ N-NSF out from G1537 ἐκ ek PREP [the] dead? G3498 νεκρῶν νεκρός nekrós A-GPM
16 If the first part of the dough is holy, so is the whole batch; if the root is holy, so are the branches.
εἰ δὲ ἡ ἀπαρχὴ ἁγία καὶ τὸ φύραμα καὶ εἰ ἡ ῥίζα ἁγία καὶ οἱ κλάδοι
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing If G1487 εἰ ei CONJ now G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF firstfruit G536 ἀπαρχὴ ἀπαρχή aparchḗ N-NSF [is] holy G40 ἁγία ἅγιος hágios A-NSF also G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 τὸ ὁ ho T-NSN lump G5445 φύραμα phýrama N-NSN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ if G1487 εἰ ei CONJ the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF root G4491 ῥίζα rhíza N-NSF [is] holy G40 ἁγία ἅγιος hágios A-NSF also G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM branches G2798 κλάδοι κλάδος kládos N-NPM
17 Now if some branches have been broken off, and you, a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others to share in the nourishment of the olive root,
Εἰ δέ τινες τῶν κλάδων ἐξεκλάσθησαν σὺ δὲ ἀγριέλαιος ὢν ἐνεκεντρίσθης ἐν αὐτοῖς καὶ συγκοινωνὸς τῆς ῥίζης τῆς πιότητος τῆς ἐλαίας ἐγένου
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing If G1487 Εἰ εἰ ei CONJ however G1161 δέ dé CONJ some G5100 τινες τὶς tìs X-NPM of the G3588 τῶν ὁ ho T-GPM branches G2798 κλάδων κλάδος kládos N-GPM were broken off G1575 ἐξεκλάσθησαν ἐκκλάω ekkláō V-API-3P you yourself G4771 σὺ σύ sý P-2NS now G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ a wild olive tree G65 ἀγριέλαιος agriélaios N-NSF being G1510 ὢν εἰμί eimí V-PAP-NSM you were grafted in G1461 ἐνεκεντρίσθης ἐγκεντρίζω enkentrízō V-API-2S among G1722 ἐν en PREP them G846 αὐτοῖς αὐτός autós P-DPM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ a fellow-partaker G4791 συγκοινωνὸς συγκοινωνός synkoinōnós N-NSM of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF root G4491 ῥίζης ῥίζα rhíza N-GSF of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF fatness G4096 πιότητος πιότης piótēs N-GSF of the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF olive tree G1636 ἐλαίας ἐλαία elaía N-GSF you have become G1096 ἐγένου γίνομαι gínomai V-2ADI-2S
18 do not boast over those branches. If you do, remember this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you.
μὴ κατακαυχῶ τῶν κλάδων εἰ δὲ κατακαυχᾶσαι οὐ σὺ τὴν ῥίζαν βαστάζεις ἀλλ᾽ ἡ ῥίζα σέ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N do boast G2620 κατακαυχῶ κατακαυχάομαι katakaucháomai V-PNM-2S over the G3588 τῶν ὁ ho T-GPM branches G2798 κλάδων κλάδος kládos N-GPM If G1487 εἰ ei CONJ now G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ you boast against [them] G2620 κατακαυχᾶσαι κατακαυχάομαι katakaucháomai V-PNI-2S not G3756 οὐ ou PRT-N you yourself G4771 σὺ σύ sý P-2NS the G3588 τὴν ὁ ho T-ASF root G4491 ῥίζαν ῥίζα rhíza N-ASF support G941 βαστάζεις βαστάζω bastázō V-PAI-2S but G235 ἀλλ᾽ ἀλλά allá CONJ the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF root G4491 ῥίζα rhíza N-NSF you G4771 σέ σύ sý P-2AS
19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.”
ἐρεῖς οὖν ἐξεκλάσθησαν κλάδοι ἵνα ἐγὼ ἐγκεντρισθῶ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing You will say G2036 ἐρεῖς ἔπω épō V-FAI-2S then G3767 οὖν oûn CONJ Were broken off G1575 ἐξεκλάσθησαν ἐκκλάω ekkláō V-API-3P branches G2798 κλάδοι κλάδος kládos N-NPM that G2443 ἵνα hína CONJ I myself G1473 ἐγὼ ἐγώ egṓ P-1NS may be grafted in G1461 ἐγκεντρισθῶ ἐγκεντρίζω enkentrízō V-APS-1S
20 That is correct: They were broken off because of unbelief, but you stand by faith. Do not be arrogant, but be afraid.
καλῶς τῇ ἀπιστίᾳ ἐξεκλάσθησαν σὺ δὲ τῇ πίστει ἕστηκας μὴ ὑψηλὰ φρόνει ἀλλὰ φοβοῦ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Rightly so G2573 καλῶς kalōs ADV by the G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF unbelief G570 ἀπιστίᾳ ἀπιστία apistía N-DSF they were broken off G1575 ἐξεκλάσθησαν ἐκκλάω ekkláō V-API-3P you yourself G4771 σὺ σύ sý P-2NS however G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ the G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF by faith G4102 πίστει πίστις pístis N-DSF have stood G2476 ἕστηκας ἵστημι hístēmi V-RAI-2S Not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N high G5308 ὑψηλὰ ὑψηλός hypsēlós A-APN do be minded G5426 φρόνει φρονέω phronéō V-PAM-2S but G235 ἀλλὰ ἀλλά allá CONJ do be afraid G5399 φοβοῦ φοβέω phobéō V-PNM-2S
21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, He will certainly not spare you either.
εἰ γὰρ ὁ θεὸς τῶν κατὰ φύσιν κλάδων οὐκ ἐφείσατο μή πως οὐδὲ σοῦ φείσεται
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing If G1487 εἰ ei CONJ for G1063 γὰρ γάρ gár CONJ the G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM God G2316 θεὸς θεός theós N-NSM the G3588 τῶν ὁ ho T-GPM according to G2596 κατὰ κατά katá PREP nature G5449 φύσιν φύσις phýsis N-ASF branches G2798 κλάδων κλάδος kládos N-GPM not G3756 οὐκ οὐ ou PRT-N spared G5339 ἐφείσατο φείδομαι pheídomai V-ADI-3S surely G3361 μή mḗ PRT-N perhaps G4459 πως πῶς pōs ADV neither G3761 οὐδὲ οὐδέ oudé CONJ-N you G4771 σοῦ σύ sý P-2GS forbear G5339 φείσεται φείδομαι pheídomai V-FDI-3S
22 Take notice, therefore, of the kindness and severity of God: severity to those who fell, but kindness to you, if you continue in His kindness. Otherwise you also will be cut off.
ἴδε οὖν χρηστότητα καὶ ἀποτομίαν θεοῦ ἐπὶ μὲν τοὺς πεσόντας ἀποτομία ἐπὶ δὲ σὲ χρηστότης θεοῦ ἐὰν ἐπιμένῃς τῇ χρηστότητι ἐπεὶ καὶ σὺ ἐκκοπήσῃ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Behold G2396 ἴδε íde INJ therefore G3767 οὖν oûn CONJ [the] kindness G5544 χρηστότητα χρηστότης chrēstótēs N-ASF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ severity G663 ἀποτομίαν ἀποτομία apotomía N-ASF of God G2316 θεοῦ θεός theós N-GSM upon G1909 ἐπὶ ἐπί epí PREP indeed G3303 μὲν μέν mén PRT those G3588 τοὺς ὁ ho T-APM having fallen G4098 πεσόντας πίπτω píptō V-2AAP-APM severity G663 ἀποτομία apotomía N-NSF toward G1909 ἐπὶ ἐπί epí PREP however G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ you G4771 σὲ σύ sý P-2AS kindness G5544 χρηστότης chrēstótēs N-NSF of God G2316 θεοῦ θεός theós N-GSM if G1437 ἐὰν ἐάν eán CONJ you shall continue in G1961 ἐπιμένῃς ἐπιμένω epiménō V-PAS-2S the G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF kindness G5544 χρηστότητι χρηστότης chrēstótēs N-DSF otherwise G1893 ἐπεὶ ἐπεί epeí CONJ also G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ you yourself G4771 σὺ σύ sý P-2NS will be cut off G1581 ἐκκοπήσῃ ἐκκόπτω ekkóptō V-2FPI-2S
23 And if they do not persist in unbelief, they will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.
κἀκεῖνοι δέ ἐὰν μὴ ἐπιμένωσιν τῇ ἀπιστίᾳ ἐγκεντρισθήσονται δυνατὸς γάρ ἐστιν ὁ θεὸς πάλιν ἐγκεντρίσαι αὐτούς
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And they G2548 κἀκεῖνοι κἀκεῖνος kakeînos D-NPM now G1161 δέ dé CONJ only G1437 ἐὰν ἐάν eán CONJ unless G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N they shall continue G1961 ἐπιμένωσιν ἐπιμένω epiménō V-PAS-3P the G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF in unbelief G570 ἀπιστίᾳ ἀπιστία apistía N-DSF [then] they will be grafted in G1461 ἐγκεντρισθήσονται ἐγκεντρίζω enkentrízō V-FPI-3P able G1415 δυνατὸς δυνατός dynatós A-NSM for G1063 γάρ gár CONJ is G1510 ἐστιν εἰμί eimí V-PAI-3S the G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM God G2316 θεὸς θεός theós N-NSM again G3825 πάλιν pálin ADV to graft in G1461 ἐγκεντρίσαι ἐγκεντρίζω enkentrízō V-AAN them G846 αὐτούς αὐτός autós P-APM
24 For if you were cut from a wild olive tree, and contrary to nature were grafted into one that is cultivated, how much more readily will these, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree!
εἰ γὰρ σὺ ἐκ τῆς κατὰ φύσιν ἐξεκόπης ἀγριελαίου καὶ παρὰ φύσιν ἐνεκεντρίσθης εἰς καλλιέλαιον πόσῳ μᾶλλον οὗτοι οἱ κατὰ φύσιν ἐγκεντρισθήσονται τῇ ἰδίᾳ ἐλαίᾳ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing If G1487 εἰ ei CONJ for G1063 γὰρ γάρ gár CONJ you yourself G4771 σὺ σύ sý P-2NS out of G1537 ἐκ ek PREP the G3588 τῆς ὁ ho T-GSF according to G2596 κατὰ κατά katá PREP nature G5449 φύσιν φύσις phýsis N-ASF were cut off G1581 ἐξεκόπης ἐκκόπτω ekkóptō V-2API-2S a wild olive tree G65 ἀγριελαίου ἀγριέλαιος agriélaios N-GSF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ contrary to G3844 παρὰ παρά pará PREP nature G5449 φύσιν φύσις phýsis N-ASF were grafted G1461 ἐνεκεντρίσθης ἐγκεντρίζω enkentrízō V-API-2S into G1519 εἰς eis PREP a cultivated olive tree G2565 καλλιέλαιον καλλιέλαιος kalliélaios N-ASF how much G4214 πόσῳ πόσος pósos Q-DSN more G3123 μᾶλλον mâllon ADV these G3778 οὗτοι οὗτος hoûtos D-NPM who G3588 οἱ ὁ ho T-NPM according to G2596 κατὰ κατά katá PREP nature [are] G5449 φύσιν φύσις phýsis N-ASF will be grafted into G1461 ἐγκεντρισθήσονται ἐγκεντρίζω enkentrízō V-FPI-3P their G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF own G2398 ἰδίᾳ ἴδιος ídios A-DSF olive (berry G1636 ἐλαίᾳ ἐλαία elaía N-DSF
25 I do not want you to be ignorant of this mystery, brothers, so that you will not be conceited: A hardening in part has come to Israel, until the full number of the Gentiles has come in.
Οὐ γὰρ θέλω ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν ἀδελφοί τὸ μυστήριον τοῦτο ἵνα μὴ ἦτε παρ᾽ ἑαυτοῖς φρόνιμοι ὅτι πώρωσις ἀπὸ μέρους τῷ Ἰσραὴλ γέγονεν ἄχρι οὗ τὸ πλήρωμα τῶν ἐθνῶν εἰσέλθῃ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Not G3756 Οὐ οὐ ou PRT-N for G1063 γὰρ γάρ gár CONJ I want G2309 θέλω thélō V-PAI-1S you G4771 ὑμᾶς σύ sý P-2AP to be ignorant G50 ἀγνοεῖν ἀγνοέω agnoéō V-PAN brothers G80 ἀδελφοί ἀδελφός adelphós N-VPM of the G3588 τὸ ὁ ho T-ASN mystery G3466 μυστήριον mystḗrion N-ASN this G3778 τοῦτο οὗτος hoûtos D-ASN that G2443 ἵνα hína CONJ not G3361 μὴ μή mḗ PRT-N you may be G1510 ἦτε εἰμί eimí V-PAS-2P beside G3844 παρ᾽ παρά pará PREP yourselves G1438 ἑαυτοῖς ἑαυτοῦ heautoû F-2DPM wise G5429 φρόνιμοι φρόνιμος phrónimos A-NPM that G3754 ὅτι hóti ADV a hardening G4457 πώρωσις pṓrōsis N-NSF in G575 ἀπὸ ἀπό apó PREP part G3313 μέρους μέρος méros N-GSN the G3588 τῷ ὁ ho T-DSM to Israel G2474 Ἰσραὴλ Ἰσραήλ Israḗl N-DSM-L has happened G1096 γέγονεν γίνομαι gínomai V-2RAI-3S until G891 ἄχρι áchri PREP that G3739 οὗ ὅς hós R-GSM the G3588 τὸ ὁ ho T-NSN fullness G4138 πλήρωμα plḗrōma N-NSN of the G3588 τῶν ὁ ho T-GPN Gentiles G1484 ἐθνῶν ἔθνος éthnos N-GPN may come in G1525 εἰσέλθῃ εἰσέρχομαι eisérchomai V-2AAS-3S
26 And so all Israel will be saved, as it is written: “The Deliverer will come from Zion; He will remove godlessness from Jacob.
καὶ οὕτως πᾶς Ἰσραὴλ σωθήσεται καθὼς γέγραπται ἥξει ἐκ Σιὼν ὁ ῥυόμενος ἀποστρέψει ἀσεβείας ἀπὸ Ἰακώβ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ so G3779 οὕτως οὕτω hoútō ADV all G3956 πᾶς pâs A-NSM Israel G2474 Ἰσραὴλ Ἰσραήλ Israḗl N-NSM-L will be saved G4982 σωθήσεται σώζω sṓzō V-FPI-3S even as G2531 καθὼς καθώς kathṓs CONJ it has been written: G1125 γέγραπται γράφω gráphō V-RPI-3S Will come G2240 ἥξει ἥκω hḗkō V-FAI-3S out of G1537 ἐκ ek PREP Zion G4622 Σιὼν Σιών Siṓn N-GSF-L the [One] G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM Delivering G4506 ῥυόμενος ῥύομαι rhýomai V-PNP-NSM He will remove G654 ἀποστρέψει ἀποστρέφω apostréphō V-FAI-3S ungodliness G763 ἀσεβείας ἀσέβεια asébeia N-APF from G575 ἀπὸ ἀπό apó PREP Jacob G2384 Ἰακώβ Iakṓb N-GSM-P
27 And this is My covenant with them when I take away their sins.”
καὶ αὕτη αὐτοῖς ἡ παρ᾽ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη ὅταν ἀφέλωμαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας αὐτῶν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing And G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ this [is] G3778 αὕτη οὗτος hoûtos D-NSF to them G846 αὐτοῖς αὐτός autós P-DPM the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF from G3844 παρ᾽ παρά pará PREP Me G1473 ἐμοῦ ἐγώ egṓ P-1GS covenant G1242 διαθήκη diathḗkē N-NSF when G3752 ὅταν hótan CONJ I may take away G851 ἀφέλωμαι ἀφαιρέω aphairéō V-2AMS-1S the G3588 τὰς ὁ ho T-APF sins G266 ἁμαρτίας ἁμαρτία hamartía N-APF of them G846 αὐτῶν αὐτός autós P-GPM
28 Regarding the gospel, they are enemies on your account; but regarding election, they are loved on account of the patriarchs.
κατὰ μὲν τὸ εὐαγγέλιον ἐχθροὶ δι᾽ ὑμᾶς κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἐκλογὴν ἀγαπητοὶ διὰ τοὺς πατέρας
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing As regards G2596 κατὰ κατά katá PREP indeed G3303 μὲν μέν mén PRT the G3588 τὸ ὁ ho T-ASN gospel G2098 εὐαγγέλιον euangélion N-ASN [they are] enemies G2190 ἐχθροὶ ἐχθρός echthrós A-NPM on account of G1223 δι᾽ διά diá PREP you G4771 ὑμᾶς σύ sý P-2AP As regards G2596 κατὰ κατά katá PREP however G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ the G3588 τὴν ὁ ho T-ASF election G1589 ἐκλογὴν ἐκλογή eklogḗ N-ASF beloved G27 ἀγαπητοὶ ἀγαπητός agapētós A-NPM on account of G1223 διὰ διά diá PREP the G3588 τοὺς ὁ ho T-APM patriarchs G3962 πατέρας πατήρ patḗr N-APM
29 For God’s gifts and His call are irrevocable.
ἀμεταμέλητα γὰρ τὰ χαρίσματα καὶ ἡ κλῆσις τοῦ θεοῦ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Irrevocable G278 ἀμεταμέλητα ἀμεταμέλητος ametamélētos A-NPN for G1063 γὰρ γάρ gár CONJ [are] the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-NPN gifts G5486 χαρίσματα χάρισμα chárisma N-NPN and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF calling G2821 κλῆσις klēsis N-NSF the G3588 τοῦ ὁ ho T-GSM of God G2316 θεοῦ θεός theós N-GSM
30 Just as you who formerly disobeyed God have now received mercy through their disobedience,
ὥσπερ γὰρ ὑμεῖς ποτε ἠπειθήσατε τῷ θεῷ νῦν δὲ ἠλεήθητε τῇ τούτων ἀπειθείᾳ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Just as G5618 ὥσπερ hṓsper CONJ for G1063 γὰρ γάρ gár CONJ you yourselves G4771 ὑμεῖς σύ sý P-2NP once G4218 ποτε ποτέ poté PRT were disobedient G544 ἠπειθήσατε ἀπειθέω apeithéō V-AAI-2P the G3588 τῷ ὁ ho T-DSM to God G2316 θεῷ θεός theós N-DSM now G3568 νῦν nŷn ADV however G1161 δὲ δέ dé CONJ were shown mercy G1653 ἠλεήθητε ἐλεέω eleéō V-API-2P to them G3588 τῇ ὁ ho T-DSF through their G3778 τούτων οὗτος hoûtos D-GPM disobedience G543 ἀπειθείᾳ ἀπείθεια apeítheia N-DSF
31 so they too have now disobeyed, in order that they too may now receive mercy through the mercy shown to you.
οὕτως καὶ οὗτοι νῦν ἠπείθησαν τῷ ὑμετέρῳ ἐλέει ἵνα καὶ αὐτοὶ νῦν ἐλεηθῶσιν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing so G3779 οὕτως οὕτω hoútō ADV also G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ these G3778 οὗτοι οὗτος hoûtos D-NPM now G3568 νῦν nŷn ADV were disobedient G544 ἠπείθησαν ἀπειθέω apeithéō V-AAI-3P the G3588 τῷ ὁ ho T-DSN to your G5212 ὑμετέρῳ ὑμέτερος hyméteros A-DSN mercy G1656 ἐλέει ἔλεος éleos N-DSN so that G2443 ἵνα hína CONJ also G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ they themselves G846 αὐτοὶ αὐτός autós P-NPM now G3568 νῦν nŷn ADV may have mercy shown [them] G1653 ἐλεηθῶσιν ἐλεέω eleéō V-APS-3P
32 For God has consigned everyone to disobedience so that He may have mercy on everyone.
συνέκλεισεν γὰρ ὁ θεὸς τοὺς πάντας εἰς ἀπείθειαν ἵνα τοὺς πάντας ἐλεήσῃ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Has bound up G4788 συνέκλεισεν συγκλείω synkleíō V-AAI-3S for G1063 γὰρ γάρ gár CONJ the G3588 ὁ ho T-NSM God G2316 θεὸς θεός theós N-NSM the G3588 τοὺς ὁ ho T-APM all G3956 πάντας πᾶς pâs A-APM in G1519 εἰς eis PREP disobedience G543 ἀπείθειαν ἀπείθεια apeítheia N-ASF that G2443 ἵνα hína CONJ the G3588 τοὺς ὁ ho T-APM all G3956 πάντας πᾶς pâs A-APM have compassion (pity on) G1653 ἐλεήσῃ ἐλεέω eleéō V-AAS-3S
33 O, the depth of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are His judgments, and untraceable His ways!
Ὦ βάθος πλούτου καὶ σοφίας καὶ γνώσεως θεοῦ ὡς ἀνεξεραύνητα τὰ κρίματα αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀνεξιχνίαστοι αἱ ὁδοὶ αὐτοῦ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing O G5599 Ὦ ὦ ō INJ [the] depth G899 βάθος báthos N-NSN of riches G4149 πλούτου πλοῦτος ploûtos N-GSM both G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ of wisdom G4678 σοφίας σοφία sophía N-GSF and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ knowledge G1108 γνώσεως γνῶσις gnōsis N-GSF of God! G2316 θεοῦ θεός theós N-GSM How G5613 ὡς hōs ADV unsearchable G419 ἀνεξεραύνητα ἀνεξερεύνητος anexereúnētos A-NPN the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-NPN judgments G2917 κρίματα κρίμα kríma N-NPN of Him G846 αὐτοῦ αὐτός autós P-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ untraceable G421 ἀνεξιχνίαστοι ἀνεξιχνίαστος anexichníastos A-NPF the G3588 αἱ ὁ ho T-NPF ways G3598 ὁδοὶ ὁδός hodós N-NPF of Him! G846 αὐτοῦ αὐτός autós P-GSM
34 “Who has known the mind of the Lord? Or who has been His counselor?”
τίς γὰρ ἔγνω νοῦν κυρίου ἢ τίς σύμβουλος αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Who G5101 τίς tís I-NSM for G1063 γὰρ γάρ gár CONJ has known G1097 ἔγνω γινώσκω ginṓskō V-2AAI-3S [the] mind G3563 νοῦν νοῦς noûs N-ASM of [the] Lord? G2962 κυρίου κύριος kýrios N-GSM or G2228 ἢ ἤ ḗ CONJ who G5101 τίς tís I-NSM counselor G4825 σύμβουλος sýmboulos N-NSM of Him G846 αὐτοῦ αὐτός autós P-GSM has been? G1096 ἐγένετο γίνομαι gínomai V-2ADI-3S
35 “Who has first given to God, that God should repay him?”
ἢ τίς προέδωκεν αὐτῷ καὶ ἀνταποδοθήσεται αὐτῷ
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing Or G2228 ἢ ἤ ḗ CONJ who G5101 τίς tís I-NSM has first given G4272 προέδωκεν προδίδωμι prodídōmi V-AAI-3S to Him G846 αὐτῷ αὐτός autós P-DSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ it will be recompensed G467 ἀνταποδοθήσεται ἀνταποδίδωμι antapodídōmi V-FPI-3S to him? G846 αὐτῷ αὐτός autós P-DSM
36 For from Him and through Him and to Him are all things. To Him be the glory forever! Amen.
ὅτι ἐξ αὐτοῦ καὶ δι᾽ αὐτοῦ καὶ εἰς αὐτὸν τὰ πάντα αὐτῷ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας ἀμήν
English Strong's Original · Root · Transliteration Parsing For G3754 ὅτι hóti CONJ from G1537 ἐξ ἐκ ek PREP Him G846 αὐτοῦ αὐτός autós P-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ through G1223 δι᾽ διά diá PREP Him G846 αὐτοῦ αὐτός autós P-GSM and G2532 καὶ καί kaí CONJ unto G1519 εἰς eis PREP Him G846 αὐτὸν αὐτός autós P-ASM the G3588 τὰ ὁ ho T-NPN [are] all things G3956 πάντα πᾶς pâs A-NPN To Him [be] G846 αὐτῷ αὐτός autós P-DSM the G3588 ἡ ὁ ho T-NSF glory G1391 δόξα dóxa N-NSF to G1519 εἰς eis PREP the G3588 τοὺς ὁ ho T-APM ages! G165 αἰῶνας αἰών aiṓn N-APM amen G281 ἀμήν amḗn HEB
Romans 12
Study Notes — Romans 11
7 sectionsRomans 11 addresses one of the most profound questions facing the early church: Has God rejected His chosen people, Israel? Paul answers with an emphatic "God forbid!" and unfolds a mystery of divine grace that encompasses both Jews and Gentiles in God's redemptive plan. Through vivid imagery of an olive tree, Paul teaches that Israel's temporary hardening has opened the door of salvation to the Gentiles, while assuring us that God has never abandoned His ancient covenant people. This chapter reveals God's wisdom in weaving together the salvation of both groups in a tapestry of mercy that transcends human understanding.
Paul opens by emphatically denying that God has cast away Israel (v. 1). His own existence as a believing Jew proves the point. Just as in Elijah's time, when the prophet despaired that only he remained faithful while Israel turned to Baal-worship (vv. 2–3), God had reserved seven thousand who refused to bow the knee (v. 4). Similarly, Paul explains, even in his own day there exists a remnant chosen by grace (v. 5). This remnant—those Jews who have believed in Christ—demonstrates that God's election and covenant faithfulness remain intact. The principle of the remnant runs throughout Old Testament history: God always preserves a faithful people for Himself.
Paul clarifies that this remnant is chosen by grace, not works (v. 6). Grace and works are mutually exclusive; you cannot earn what grace freely gives. The rest of Israel, however, has experienced hardening (v. 7)—Paul quoting Scripture to show that this spiritual blindness was foretold (vv. 8–10). This blindness is not arbitrary cruelty but the inevitable consequence of rejecting God's revelation. When people persistently refuse light, spiritual darkness deepens. Yet even here, Paul carefully attributes this outcome to Israel's unbelief, not to God's whim.
Israel's stumbling was not a permanent fall (v. 11). Rather, their rejection of the gospel opened salvation to the Gentiles—and Paul sees this as purposeful, designed to provoke Israel to jealousy. If their rejection brought such blessing to the world, Paul reasons, how much greater will be the blessing when they are finally restored (vv. 12, 15)! This is not mere speculation but reflects Paul's conviction that God has purposes for ethnic Israel that extend beyond the church age.
The image of a cultivated olive tree, with wild branches grafted in, illustrates the relationship between Jews and Gentiles in God's people (vv. 16–24). The holy root and firstfruit sanctify the entire tree and its branches. Gentile believers must never boast against the broken-off Jewish branches (vv. 17–18); they stand only by faith and God's goodness. If natural branches were cut off for unbelief, wild branches can certainly be cut off too (vv. 20–21). But here is the wonder: if God could graft wild branches into a cultivated tree, how much more will He graft the natural branches back in (v. 24)? The application is humbling: Gentile believers enjoy privilege through grace alone and must guard against spiritual pride.
Paul reveals a mystery (v. 25): Israel's hardening is partial and temporary, lasting only until the fullness of the Gentiles comes in. Then "all Israel shall be saved" (v. 26)—a promise grounded in God's everlasting covenant (vv. 26–27). God's gifts and calling are irrevocable (v. 29). The final verses show God's grand design: both Jews and Gentiles are concluded in unbelief so that both might receive mercy (vv. 30–32).
Paul concludes with a hymn of praise, acknowledging the unsearchable wisdom and knowledge of God (vv. 33–36). His judgments and ways transcend human comprehension.
Romans 11 calls us to humility and hope. We enjoy salvation by grace through faith, not by any inherent superiority. Our security rests on God's goodness and our perseverance in faith. Most importantly, we must pray for the salvation of Jewish people and reject all forms of supersessionism or contempt. God's plan encompasses both Jew and Gentile, and His faithfulness to His covenant people assures us of His faithfulness to us.