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BSB
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Genesis 44

BSB·34 verses ·Old Testament
✦ Tap any verse to open Scripture Explorer — original Hebrew/Greek, commentary, notes & highlights
1Then Joseph instructedוַיְצַ֞וway·ṣaw — to command, order, or appoint with authorityH6680 — Full Word Study → his stewardאֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study →: “Fill the men’sהָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙hā·’ă·nā·šîm — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → sacksאַמְתְּחֹ֤ת’am·tə·ḥōṯ — A large sack or bag for carrying grain or provisionsH572 — Full Word Study → withמַלֵּ֞אmal·lê — to fill, fulfill, completeH4390 — Full Word Study → as much foodאֹ֔כֶל’ō·ḵel — Food; that which is eatenH400 — Full Word Study → asכַּאֲשֶׁ֥רka·’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → they canיוּכְל֖וּןyū·ḵə·lūn — to be able, have power, endureH3201 — Full Word Study → carryשְׂאֵ֑תśə·’êṯ — To lift up, raise, or bear; to carry or supportH5375 — Full Word Study →, and putוְשִׂ֥יםwə·śîm — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → each one’sאִ֖ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → silverכֶּֽסֶף־ke·sep̄- — Silver; money; price; valueH3701 — Full Word Study → in the mouthבְּפִ֥יbə·p̄î — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study → of his sackאַמְתַּחְתּֽוֹ׃’am·taḥ·tōw — A large sack or bag for carrying grain or provisionsH572 — Full Word Study →. 2Putתָּשִׂים֙tā·śîm — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → my cupגְּבִיעִ֞יgə·ḇî·‘î — cup; goblet; drinking vesselH1375 — Full Word Study →, the silverהַכֶּ֗סֶףhak·ke·sep̄ — Silver; money; price; valueH3701 — Full Word Study → oneגְּבִ֣יעַgə·ḇî·a‘ — cup; goblet; drinking vesselH1375 — Full Word Study →, in the mouthבְּפִי֙bə·p̄î — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study → of the youngest one’sהַקָּטֹ֔ןhaq·qā·ṭōn — Small, little, least, or young in size, number, age, or importanceH6996 — Full Word Study → sackאַמְתַּ֣חַת’am·ta·ḥaṯ — A large sack or bag for carrying grain or provisionsH572 — Full Word Study →, along with the silverכֶּ֣סֶףke·sep̄ — Silver; money; price; valueH3701 — Full Word Study → for his grainשִׁבְר֑וֹšiḇ·rōw — grain, especially wheat or barley; foodH7668 — Full Word Study →.” So the steward did as Josephיוֹסֵ֖ףyō·w·sêp̄ — God will increaseH3130 — Full Word Study → had instructedדִּבֵּֽר׃dib·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study →. 3At daybreakהַבֹּ֖קֶרhab·bō·qer — Morning; daybreak; the early part of the dayH1242 — Full Word Study →, the menוְהָאֲנָשִׁ֣יםwə·hā·’ă·nā·šîm — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → were sent on their wayשֻׁלְּח֔וּšul·lə·ḥū — to send, let go, releaseH7971 — Full Word Study → with their donkeysוַחֲמֹרֵיהֶֽם׃wa·ḥă·mō·rê·hem — donkey; beast of burdenH2543 — Full Word Study →. 4Theyהֵ֠םhêm — They, them (masculine plural pronoun)H1992 — Full Word Study → had notלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → goneיָֽצְא֣וּyā·ṣə·’ū — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study → farהִרְחִיקוּ֒hir·ḥî·qū — to be far, remove, distance oneselfH7368 — Full Word Study → from the cityהָעִיר֮hā·‘îr — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study → when Josephוְיוֹסֵ֤ףwə·yō·w·sêp̄ — God will increaseH3130 — Full Word Study → toldאָמַר֙’ā·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → his stewardלַֽאֲשֶׁ֣רla·’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study →, “Pursueרְדֹ֖ףrə·ḏōp̄ — to pursue, chase, or persecuteH7291 — Full Word Study → the menהָֽאֲנָשִׁ֑יםhā·’ă·nā·šîm — human being, man, mortal personH582 — Full Word Study → at onceק֥וּםqūm — To rise, stand, or be establishedH6965 — Full Word Study →, and when you overtake themוְהִשַּׂגְתָּם֙wə·hiś·śaḡ·tām — to overtake, reach, attain, graspH5381 — Full Word Study →, askוְאָמַרְתָּ֣wə·’ā·mar·tā — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘Whyלָ֛מָּהlām·māh — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → have you repaidשִׁלַּמְתֶּ֥םšil·lam·tem — to complete, make peace, repayH7999 — Full Word Study → goodטוֹבָֽה׃ṭō·w·ḇāh — good, beneficial, pleasing, wellH2896 — Full Word Study → with evilרָעָ֖הrā·‘āh — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study →? 5Is this not the cup my masterאֲדֹנִי֙’ă·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study → drinks fromיִשְׁתֶּ֤הyiš·teh — to drink; consume liquidH8354 — Full Word Study → and uses for divinationנַחֵ֥שׁna·ḥêš — to divine; to practice divination or enchantmentH5172 — Full Word Study →? Whatאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → you have doneעֲשִׂיתֶֽם׃‘ă·śî·ṯem — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → is wickedהֲרֵעֹתֶ֖םhă·rê·‘ō·ṯem — to break, spoil, or do evilH7489 — Full Word Study →!’” 6When the steward overtook them, he relayedוַיְדַבֵּ֣רway·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → theseהָאֵֽלֶּה׃hā·’êl·leh — These; those; the onesH428 — Full Word Study → wordsהַדְּבָרִ֖יםhad·də·ḇā·rîm — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study → to themאֲלֵהֶ֔ם’ă·lê·hem — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →. 7Whyלָ֚מָּהlām·māh — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → does my lordאֲדֹנִ֔י’ă·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study → sayיְדַבֵּ֣רyə·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → theseהָאֵ֑לֶּהhā·’êl·leh — These; those; the onesH428 — Full Word Study → thingsכַּדְּבָרִ֖יםkad·də·ḇā·rîm — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study →?” they askedוַיֹּאמְר֣וּway·yō·mə·rū — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “Your servantsלַעֲבָדֶ֔יךָla·‘ă·ḇā·ḏe·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → could not possiblyחָלִ֙ילָה֙ḥā·lî·lāh — Far be it; God forbidH2486 — Full Word Study → doמֵעֲשׂ֖וֹתmê·‘ă·śō·wṯ — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → suchהַזֶּֽה׃haz·zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → a thingכַּדָּבָ֥רkad·dā·ḇār — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study →. 8We even brought backהֱשִׁיבֹ֥נוּhĕ·šî·ḇō·nū — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → to youאֵלֶ֖יךָ’ê·le·ḵā — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → from the landמֵאֶ֣רֶץmê·’e·reṣ — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → of Canaanכְּנָ֑עַןkə·nā·‘an — Canaan; the promised land; merchant activityH3667 — Full Word Study → the silverכֶּ֗סֶףke·sep̄ — Silver; money; price; valueH3701 — Full Word Study → we foundמָצָ֙אנוּ֙mā·ṣā·nū — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → in the mouthsבְּפִ֣יbə·p̄î — Mouth; lips; edge; openingH6310 — Full Word Study → of our sacksאַמְתְּחֹתֵ֔ינוּ’am·tə·ḥō·ṯê·nū — A large sack or bag for carrying grain or provisionsH572 — Full Word Study →. Whyוְאֵ֗יךְwə·’êḵ — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → would we stealנִגְנֹב֙niḡ·nōḇ — to steal; to take secretly or by stealthH1589 — Full Word Study → silverכֶּ֖סֶףke·sep̄ — Silver; money; price; valueH3701 — Full Word Study → orא֥וֹ’ōw — or, whether; also expressing desire or preferenceH176 — Full Word Study → goldזָהָֽב׃zā·hāḇ — Gold; precious metal; wealth and valueH2091 — Full Word Study → from your master’sאֲדֹנֶ֔יךָ’ă·ḏō·ne·ḵā — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study → houseמִבֵּ֣יתmib·bêṯ — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study →? 9If anyאֲשֶׁ֨ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → of your servantsמֵעֲבָדֶ֖יךָmê·‘ă·ḇā·ḏe·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → is foundיִמָּצֵ֥אyim·mā·ṣê — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → to have itאִתּ֛וֹ’it·tōw — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study →, he must dieוָמֵ֑תwā·mêṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →, and the restאֲנַ֕חְנוּ’ă·naḥ·nū — We, us, ourselves (first person plural pronoun)H587 — Full Word Study → will becomeנִֽהְיֶ֥הnih·yeh — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → slavesלַעֲבָדִֽים׃la·‘ă·ḇā·ḏîm — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → of my lordלַֽאדֹנִ֖יla·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study →.” 10As you sayכְדִבְרֵיכֶ֖םḵə·ḏiḇ·rê·ḵem — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study →,” replied the stewardוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “But only the oneה֑וּאhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → whoאֲשֶׁ֨ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → is foundיִמָּצֵ֤אyim·mā·ṣê — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → with the cup will beיִהְיֶה־yih·yeh- — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → my slaveעָ֔בֶד‘ā·ḇeḏ — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →, and the rest of youוְאַתֶּ֖םwə·’at·tem — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → shall beתִּהְי֥וּtih·yū — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → free of blameנְקִיִּֽם׃nə·qî·yim — Innocent, blameless, free from guiltH5355 — Full Word Study →.” 11So eachאִ֥ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → one quicklyוַֽיְמַהֲר֗וּway·ma·hă·rū — to hurry, hasten, make hasteH4116 — Full Word Study → loweredוַיּוֹרִ֛דוּway·yō·w·ri·ḏū — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → his sackאַמְתַּחְתּ֖וֹ’am·taḥ·tōw — A large sack or bag for carrying grain or provisionsH572 — Full Word Study → to the groundאָ֑רְצָה’ā·rə·ṣāh — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → and openedוַֽיִּפְתְּח֖וּway·yip̄·tə·ḥū — to open, loosen, or beginH6605 — Full Word Study → itאַמְתַּחְתּֽוֹ׃’am·taḥ·tōw — A large sack or bag for carrying grain or provisionsH572 — Full Word Study →. 12The steward searchedוַיְחַפֵּ֕שׂway·ḥap·pêś — to search diligently, to seek out, to disguise oneselfH2664 — Full Word Study →, beginningהֵחֵ֔לhê·ḥêl — to profane, defile, or beginH2490 — Full Word Study → with the oldestבַּגָּד֣וֹלbag·gā·ḏō·wl — Great, mighty, large in size or significanceH1419 — Full Word Study → and endingכִּלָּ֑הkil·lāh — to finish, complete, or bring to an endH3615 — Full Word Study → with the youngestוּבַקָּטֹ֖ןū·ḇaq·qā·ṭōn — Small, little, least, or young in size, number, age, or importanceH6996 — Full Word Study →and the cupהַגָּבִ֔יעַhag·gā·ḇî·a‘ — cup; goblet; drinking vesselH1375 — Full Word Study → was foundוַיִּמָּצֵא֙way·yim·mā·ṣê — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → in Benjamin’sבִּנְיָמִֽן׃bin·yā·min — Son of the right handH1144 — Full Word Study → sackבְּאַמְתַּ֖חַתbə·’am·ta·ḥaṯ — A large sack or bag for carrying grain or provisionsH572 — Full Word Study →. 13Then they all toreוַֽיִּקְרְע֖וּway·yiq·rə·‘ū — to tear, rend, or split apartH7167 — Full Word Study → their clothesשִׂמְלֹתָ֑םśim·lō·ṯām — Garment, cloak, or outer garmentH8071 — Full Word Study →, loadedוַֽיַּעֲמֹס֙way·ya·‘ă·mōs — to lift up, bear, carry a loadH6006 — Full Word Study → their donkeysחֲמֹר֔וֹḥă·mō·rōw — donkey; beast of burdenH2543 — Full Word Study →, and returnedוַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּway·yā·šu·ḇū — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → to the cityהָעִֽירָה׃hā·‘î·rāh — City; fortified settlement or townH5892 — Full Word Study →. 14When Judahיְהוּדָ֤הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study → and his brothersוְאֶחָיו֙wə·’e·ḥāw — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study → arrived atוַיָּבֹ֨אway·yā·ḇō — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → Joseph’sיוֹסֵ֔ףyō·w·sêp̄ — God will increaseH3130 — Full Word Study → houseבֵּ֣יתָהbê·ṯāh — A house; dwelling place; household; familyH1004 — Full Word Study →, heוְה֖וּאwə·hū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → was stillעוֹדֶ֣נּוּ‘ō·w·ḏen·nū — still, yet, again, continuing or additional occurrenceH5750 — Full Word Study → thereשָׁ֑םšām — There, in that placeH8033 — Full Word Study →, and they fellוַיִּפְּל֥וּway·yip·pə·lū — to fall; collapse; perishH5307 — Full Word Study → to the groundאָֽרְצָה׃’ā·rə·ṣāh — Land, earth, or countryH776 — Full Word Study → before himלְפָנָ֖יוlə·p̄ā·nāw — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study →. 15Whatמָֽה־māh- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → is thisהַזֶּ֖הhaz·zeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → deedהַמַּעֲשֶׂ֥הham·ma·‘ă·śeh — Work, deed, or actionH4639 — Full Word Study → you have doneעֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם‘ă·śî·ṯem — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study →?” Josephיוֹסֵ֔ףyō·w·sêp̄ — God will increaseH3130 — Full Word Study → declaredוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “Do you notהֲל֣וֹאhă·lō·w — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → knowיְדַעְתֶּ֔םyə·ḏa‘·tem — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → thatכִּֽי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → a manאִ֖ישׁ’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → like meכָּמֹֽנִי׃kā·mō·nî — Like; according to; asH3644 — Full Word Study → can surely divine the truthנַחֵ֧שׁna·ḥêš — to divine; to practice divination or enchantmentH5172 — Full Word Study →?” 16Whatמַה־mah- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → can we sayוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to my lordלַֽאדֹנִ֔יla·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study →?” Judahיְהוּדָ֗הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study → repliedנֹּאמַר֙nō·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →. “Howמַה־mah- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → can we pleadנְּדַבֵּ֖רnə·ḏab·bêr — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study →? Howוּמַה־ū·mah- — What? Why? How? (interrogative particle)H4100 — Full Word Study → can we justify ourselvesנִּצְטַדָּ֑קniṣ·ṭad·dāq — To be righteous, justify, vindicateH6663 — Full Word Study →? Godהָאֱלֹהִ֗יםhā·’ĕ·lō·hîm — God, the divine beingH430 — Full Word Study → has exposedמָצָא֙mā·ṣā — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → the iniquityעֲוֺ֣ן‘ă·wōn — Iniquity, guilt, or moral wrongdoingH5771 — Full Word Study → of your servantsעֲבָדֶ֔יךָ‘ă·ḇā·ḏe·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →. We are nowהִנֶּנּ֤וּhin·nen·nū — Look! Behold! — an attention-directing particleH2005 — Full Word Study → my lord’sלַֽאדֹנִ֔יla·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study → slavesעֲבָדִים֙‘ă·ḇā·ḏîm — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →bothגַּם־gam- — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → weאֲנַ֕חְנוּ’ă·naḥ·nū — We, us, ourselves (first person plural pronoun)H587 — Full Word Study → andגַּ֛םgam — also, even, moreover, both...andH1571 — Full Word Study → the oneאֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer- — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → who was foundנִמְצָ֥אnim·ṣā — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → withבְּיָדֽוֹ׃bə·yā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → the cupהַגָּבִ֖יעַhag·gā·ḇî·a‘ — cup; goblet; drinking vesselH1375 — Full Word Study →.” 17But Joseph repliedוַיֹּ֕אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Far be itחָלִ֣ילָהḥā·lî·lāh — Far be it; God forbidH2486 — Full Word Study → from me to doמֵעֲשׂ֖וֹתmê·‘ă·śō·wṯ — to do, make, or accomplish; to act or performH6213 — Full Word Study → thisזֹ֑אתzōṯ — This, that; demonstrative pronounH2063 — Full Word Study →. The manהָאִ֡ישׁhā·’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study → whoאֲשֶׁר֩’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → was foundנִמְצָ֨אnim·ṣā — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → withבְּיָד֗וֹbə·yā·ḏōw — hand; power, strength, controlH3027 — Full Word Study → the cupהַגָּבִ֜יעַhag·gā·ḇî·a‘ — cup; goblet; drinking vesselH1375 — Full Word Study → will beיִהְיֶה־yih·yeh- — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → my slaveעָ֔בֶד‘ā·ḇeḏ — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →. The rest of youוְאַתֶּ֕םwə·’at·tem — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → may returnעֲל֥וּ‘ă·lū — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → your fatherאֲבִיכֶֽם׃פ’ă·ḇî·ḵem — H1 — Full Word Study → in peaceלְשָׁל֖וֹםlə·šā·lō·wm — Peace, wholeness, well-being, prosperityH7965 — Full Word Study →.” 18Then Judahיְהוּדָ֗הyə·hū·ḏāh — The Lord is praisedH3063 — Full Word Study → approachedוַיִּגַּ֨שׁway·yig·gaš — to draw near, approach, come closeH5066 — Full Word Study → Joseph and saidוַיֹּאמֶר֮way·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, “Sirבִּ֣יbî — Please, I implore you, ohH994 — Full Word Study →, pleaseנָ֨אnā — Please, I beseech, I prayH4994 — Full Word Study → let your servantעַבְדְּךָ֤‘aḇ·də·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → speakיְדַבֶּר־yə·ḏab·ber- — to speak, say, or declareH1696 — Full Word Study → personally to my lordאֲדֹנִ֔י’ă·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study →. Do notוְאַל־wə·’al- — do not; negative imperative particleH408 — Full Word Study → be angryיִ֥חַרyi·ḥar — to burn with anger, become incensedH2734 — Full Word Study → with your servantבְּעַבְדֶּ֑ךָbə·‘aḇ·de·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →, forכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → you are equal toכָמ֖וֹךָḵā·mō·w·ḵā — Like; according to; asH3644 — Full Word Study → Pharaoh himselfכְּפַרְעֹֽה׃kə·p̄ar·‘ōh — Egyptian rulerH6547 — Full Word Study →. 19My lordאֲדֹנִ֣י’ă·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study → askedשָׁאַ֔לšā·’al — to ask, request, inquire, or demandH7592 — Full Word Study → his servantsעֲבָדָ֖יו‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →, ‘Do you haveהֲיֵשׁ־hă·yêš- — there is, exists, has beingH3426 — Full Word Study → a fatherאָ֖ב’āḇ — H1 — Full Word Study → orאוֹ־’ōw- — or, whether; also expressing desire or preferenceH176 — Full Word Study → a brotherאָֽח׃’āḥ — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study →?’ 20And we answeredוַנֹּ֙אמֶר֙wan·nō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘We haveיֶשׁ־yeš- — there is, exists, has beingH3426 — Full Word Study → an elderlyזָקֵ֔ןzā·qên — An old person; an elder with authority and wisdomH2205 — Full Word Study → fatherאָ֣ב’āḇ — H1 — Full Word Study → and a younger brotherקָטָ֑ןqā·ṭān — Small, little, least, or young in size, number, age, or importanceH6996 — Full Word Study →, the childוְיֶ֥לֶדwə·ye·leḏ — Child, boy, or young person; offspringH3206 — Full Word Study → of his old ageזְקֻנִ֖יםzə·qu·nîm — Old age, advanced years, extreme ageH2208 — Full Word Study →. The boy’s brotherוְאָחִ֨יוwə·’ā·ḥîw — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study → is deadמֵ֜תmêṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →. Heה֧וּאhū — He, she, it; the third person pronounH1931 — Full Word Study → is the onlyלְבַדּ֛וֹlə·ḇad·dōw — alone, apart, or bar/poleH905 — Full Word Study → one of his mother’sלְאִמּ֖וֹlə·’im·mōw — mother; female parentH517 — Full Word Study → sons leftוַיִּוָּתֵ֨רway·yiw·wā·ṯêr — to remain, be left over, excelH3498 — Full Word Study →, and his fatherוְאָבִ֥יוwə·’ā·ḇîw — H1 — Full Word Study → loves himאֲהֵבֽוֹ׃’ă·hê·ḇōw — To love; affection, attachment, or preferenceH157 — Full Word Study →.’ 21Then you toldוַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙wat·tō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → your servantsעֲבָדֶ֔יךָ‘ă·ḇā·ḏe·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →, ‘Bring him downהוֹרִדֻ֖הוּhō·w·ri·ḏu·hū — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → to meאֵלָ֑י’ê·lāy — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → so that I can seeוְאָשִׂ֥ימָהwə·’ā·śî·māh — to put, place, set, appointH7760 — Full Word Study → himעָלָֽיו׃‘ā·lāw — upon, over, against; concerningH5921 — Full Word Study → for myselfעֵינִ֖י‘ê·nî — Eye; sight; appearance; fountainH5869 — Full Word Study →.’ 22So we saidוַנֹּ֙אמֶר֙wan·nō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → my lordאֲדֹנִ֔י’ă·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study →, ‘The boyהַנַּ֖עַרhan·na·‘ar — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → cannotלֹא־lō- — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → leaveלַעֲזֹ֣בla·‘ă·zōḇ — to abandon, forsake, or leave behindH5800 — Full Word Study → his fatherאָבִ֑יו’ā·ḇîw — H1 — Full Word Study →. If he were to leaveוְעָזַ֥בwə·‘ā·zaḇ — to abandon, forsake, or leave behindH5800 — Full Word Study →, his fatherאָבִ֖יו’ā·ḇîw — H1 — Full Word Study → would dieוָמֵֽת׃wā·mêṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →.’ 23But you saidוַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙wat·tō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → your servantsעֲבָדֶ֔יךָ‘ă·ḇā·ḏe·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →, ‘Unlessלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → your youngerהַקָּטֹ֖ןhaq·qā·ṭōn — Small, little, least, or young in size, number, age, or importanceH6996 — Full Word Study → brotherאֲחִיכֶ֥ם’ă·ḥî·ḵem — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study → comes downיֵרֵ֛דyê·rêḏ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → with youאִתְּכֶ֑ם’it·tə·ḵem — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study →, you will notלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → seeלִרְא֥וֹתlir·’ō·wṯ — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → my faceפָּנָֽי׃pā·nāy — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → againתֹסִפ֖וּןṯō·si·p̄ūn — to add, increase, or do againH3254 — Full Word Study →.’ 24Now whenוַיְהִי֙way·hî — to be, become, exist, happenH1961 — Full Word Study → we returnedעָלִ֔ינוּ‘ā·lî·nū — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → toאֶֽל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → your servantעַבְדְּךָ֖‘aḇ·də·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → my fatherאָבִ֑י’ā·ḇî — H1 — Full Word Study →, we relayedוַנַּ֨גֶּד־wan·nag·geḏ- — to tell, declare, make knownH5046 — Full Word Study → your wordsדִּבְרֵ֥יdiḇ·rê — word, matter, thing, affairH1697 — Full Word Study → to himאֵ֖ת’êṯ — direct object marker; signs accusative caseH853 — Full Word Study →. 25Then our fatherאָבִ֑ינוּ’ā·ḇî·nū — H1 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֖אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘Go backשֻׁ֖בוּšu·ḇū — to turn back, return, restoreH7725 — Full Word Study → and buyשִׁבְרוּ־šiḇ·rū- — to buy or sell grain; to tradeH7666 — Full Word Study → us someמְעַט־mə·‘aṭ- — A small amount; little; fewH4592 — Full Word Study → foodאֹֽכֶל׃’ō·ḵel — Food; that which is eatenH400 — Full Word Study →.’ 26But we answeredוַנֹּ֕אמֶרwan·nō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘We cannotלֹ֥אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → go down thereלָרֶ֑דֶתlā·re·ḏeṯ — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → unlessאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → our youngerהַקָּטֹ֤ןhaq·qā·ṭōn — Small, little, least, or young in size, number, age, or importanceH6996 — Full Word Study → brotherאָחִ֨ינוּ’ā·ḥî·nū — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study → goesוְיָרַ֔דְנוּwə·yā·raḏ·nū — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → with usאִתָּ֙נוּ֙’it·tā·nū — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study →. So if our youngerהַקָּטֹ֖ןhaq·qā·ṭōn — Small, little, least, or young in size, number, age, or importanceH6996 — Full Word Study → brotherוְאָחִ֥ינוּwə·’ā·ḥî·nū — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study → is notאֵינֶ֥נּוּ’ê·nen·nū — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → with usאִתָּֽנוּ׃’it·tā·nū — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study →, we cannotלֹ֣אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → seeלִרְאוֹת֙lir·’ō·wṯ — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the manהָאִ֔ישׁhā·’îš — man, male person, husbandH376 — Full Word Study →.’ 27And your servantעַבְדְּךָ֥‘aḇ·də·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → my fatherאָבִ֖י’ā·ḇî — H1 — Full Word Study → saidוַיֹּ֛אמֶרway·yō·mer — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study → to usאֵלֵ֑ינוּ’ê·lê·nū — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, ‘Youאַתֶּ֣ם’at·tem — You; second-person pronoun (singular or plural)H859 — Full Word Study → knowיְדַעְתֶּ֔םyə·ḏa‘·tem — to know, understand, perceiveH3045 — Full Word Study → thatכִּ֥יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → my wifeאִשְׁתִּֽי׃’iš·tî — Woman; wife; femaleH802 — Full Word Study → boreיָֽלְדָה־yā·lə·ḏāh- — to give birth, beget, or bear a childH3205 — Full Word Study → me two sonsשְׁנַ֖יִםšə·na·yim — The number two; a pair or coupleH8147 — Full Word Study →. 28When one of themהָֽאֶחָד֙hā·’e·ḥāḏ — One; unity; single; firstH259 — Full Word Study → was goneוַיֵּצֵ֤אway·yê·ṣê — To go out, come forth, exitH3318 — Full Word Study →, I saidוָאֹמַ֕רwā·’ō·mar — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →: “Surelyאַ֖ךְ’aḵ — Surely, certainly, only, neverthelessH389 — Full Word Study → he has been torn to piecesטָרֹ֣ףṭā·rōp̄ — To tear, rend, or devour preyH2963 — Full Word Study →.” And I have notוְלֹ֥אwə·lō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → seen himרְאִיתִ֖יוrə·’î·ṯîw — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → sinceהֵֽנָּה׃hên·nāh — here, now, thus, in this placeH2008 — Full Word Study →. 29Now if you also takeוּלְקַחְתֶּ֧םū·lə·qaḥ·tem — to take, seize, or receiveH3947 — Full Word Study → this oneזֶ֛הzeh — this, that; the one, the otherH2088 — Full Word Study → fromמֵעִ֥םmê·‘im — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → meפָּנַ֖יpā·nay — face; presence; beforeH6440 — Full Word Study → and harmאָס֑וֹן’ā·sō·wn — harm, mischief, or disasterH611 — Full Word Study → comes to himוְקָרָ֣הוּwə·qā·rā·hū — to meet, befall, happen; to impose or lay (beams)H7136 — Full Word Study →, you will bring my gray hairשֵׂיבָתִ֛יśê·ḇā·ṯî — Gray hair; old age; hoariness of headH7872 — Full Word Study → downוְהֽוֹרַדְתֶּ֧םwə·hō·w·raḏ·tem — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → to Sheolשְׁאֹֽלָה׃šə·’ō·lāh — The grave; the abode of the dead; the underworldH7585 — Full Word Study → in sorrowבְּרָעָ֖הbə·rā·‘āh — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study →.’ 30Soוְעַתָּ֗הwə·‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study → if the boyוְהַנַּ֖עַרwə·han·na·‘ar — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → is notאֵינֶ֣נּוּ’ê·nen·nū — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → with usאִתָּ֑נוּ’it·tā·nū — with, together with, againstH854 — Full Word Study → when I returnכְּבֹאִי֙kə·ḇō·’î — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → your servantעַבְדְּךָ֣‘aḇ·də·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study →, and if my father, whose lifeוְנַפְשׁ֖וֹwə·nap̄·šōw — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study → is wrapped upקְשׁוּרָ֥הqə·šū·rāh — to bind together; to conspire or plotH7194 — Full Word Study → in the boy’s lifeבְנַפְשֽׁוֹ׃ḇə·nap̄·šōw — soul, life, person, selfH5315 — Full Word Study →, 31seesכִּרְאוֹת֛וֹkir·’ō·w·ṯōw — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → thatכִּי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → the boyהַנַּ֖עַרhan·na·‘ar — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → is not with us, he will dieוָמֵ֑תwā·mêṯ — to die; to put to death; to killH4191 — Full Word Study →. Then your servantsעֲבָדֶ֜יךָ‘ă·ḇā·ḏe·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → will have brought the gray hairשֵׂיבַ֨תśê·ḇaṯ — Gray hair; old age; hoariness of headH7872 — Full Word Study → of your servantעַבְדְּךָ֥‘aḇ·də·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → our fatherאָבִ֛ינוּ’ā·ḇî·nū — H1 — Full Word Study → downוְהוֹרִ֨ידוּwə·hō·w·rî·ḏū — To descend, go down, come downH3381 — Full Word Study → to Sheolשְׁאֹֽלָה׃šə·’ō·lāh — The grave; the abode of the dead; the underworldH7585 — Full Word Study → in sorrowבְּיָג֖וֹןbə·yā·ḡō·wn — Deep sorrow, grief, profound sadnessH3015 — Full Word Study →. 32Indeedכִּ֤יkî — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study →, your servantעַבְדְּךָ֙‘aḇ·də·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → guaranteedעָרַ֣ב‘ā·raḇ — To pledge, give surety, become responsible for anotherH6148 — Full Word Study → the boy’s safetyהַנַּ֔עַרhan·na·‘ar — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study → toמֵעִ֥םmê·‘im — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → my fatherאָבִ֖י’ā·ḇî — H1 — Full Word Study →, sayingלֵאמֹ֑רlê·mōr — to say, speak, declareH559 — Full Word Study →, ‘Ifאִם־’im- — If, whether; conditional conjunction with wide applicabilityH518 — Full Word Study → I do notלֹ֤אlō — not; negation; absenceH3808 — Full Word Study → return himאֲבִיאֶ֙נּוּ֙’ă·ḇî·’en·nū — to come, go, enter, arriveH935 — Full Word Study → to youאֵלֶ֔יךָ’ê·le·ḵā — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study →, I willכָּל־kāl- — All, every, whole, totalityH3605 — Full Word Study → bear the guiltוְחָטָ֥אתִיwə·ḥā·ṭā·ṯî — To sin; to miss the mark; to commit wrongdoingH2398 — Full Word Study → before you, my fatherלְאָבִ֖יlə·’ā·ḇî — H1 — Full Word Study →, all my lifeהַיָּמִֽים׃hay·yā·mîm — day; time; period; ageH3117 — Full Word Study →.’ 33Nowוְעַתָּ֗הwə·‘at·tāh — Now; at the present timeH6258 — Full Word Study → pleaseנָ֤אnā — Please, I beseech, I prayH4994 — Full Word Study → let your servantעַבְדְּךָ֙‘aḇ·də·ḵā — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → stay hereיֵֽשֶׁב־yê·šeḇ- — to dwell, inhabit, settle, remainH3427 — Full Word Study → as my lord’sלַֽאדֹנִ֑יla·ḏō·nî — Lord, master, owner, rulerH113 — Full Word Study → slaveעֶ֖בֶד‘e·ḇeḏ — Servant; slave; one in bondage or serviceH5650 — Full Word Study → in place ofתַּ֣חַתta·ḥaṯ — Under, beneath, instead of, in place ofH8478 — Full Word Study → the boyהַנַּ֔עַרhan·na·‘ar — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study →. Let him returnיַ֥עַלya·‘al — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → withעִם־‘im- — with, together with, amongH5973 — Full Word Study → his brothersאֶחָֽיו׃’e·ḥāw — Male sibling; brother; kinsmanH251 — Full Word Study →. 34Forכִּי־kî- — because, since, that (conjunction/reason marker)H3588 — Full Word Study → howאֵיךְ֙’êḵ — How? In what way? Where?H349 — Full Word Study → can I go backאֶֽעֱלֶ֣ה’e·‘ĕ·leh — to ascend, rise up, go upH5927 — Full Word Study → toאֶל־’el- — to, toward, against; directional and relational prepositionH413 — Full Word Study → my fatherאָבִ֔י’ā·ḇî — H1 — Full Word Study → withoutאֵינֶ֣נּוּ’ê·nen·nū — nothing, nonexistence, absenceH369 — Full Word Study → the boyוְהַנַּ֖עַרwə·han·na·‘ar — Young man, boy, or male servantH5288 — Full Word Study →? I could not bearפֶּ֚ןpen — lest, that not, for fear thatH6435 — Full Word Study → to seeאֶרְאֶ֣ה’er·’eh — to see, perceive, behold, experienceH7200 — Full Word Study → the miseryבָרָ֔עḇā·rā‘ — evil, bad, harm, disasterH7451 — Full Word Study → thatאֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šer — who, which, that; when, where, becauseH834 — Full Word Study → would overwhelmיִמְצָ֖אyim·ṣā — to find, discover, obtainH4672 — Full Word Study → him.”
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Chapter Commentary — Genesis 44
Chapter Overview

Chapter Overview

Genesis 44 presents a turning point in Joseph's dealings with his brothers, as he orchestrates a final test of their character and loyalty. By secretly placing his silver cup in Benjamin's sack, Joseph creates a crisis that forces his brothers to reveal whether they have truly repented of their earlier sins against him. The chapter culminates in Judah's remarkable plea on Benjamin's behalf, in which he offers himself as a slave in place of the youngest brother—a moment of genuine moral transformation that demonstrates the brothers are no longer the men who once sold Joseph into slavery.

Verses 1–5: The Cup Concealed

Joseph instructs his steward to fill the brothers' sacks with food, return their money, and secretly place Joseph's silver cup in Benjamin's sack (vv. 1–2). This was not mere theft prevention, but a deliberate test. When the brothers depart the next morning, Joseph sends his steward to pursue them with an accusation of theft (vv. 3–5). Joseph's reference to divination by the cup reflects Egyptian practice, though we should not assume Joseph endorses divination itself; rather, he uses culturally familiar language to heighten the dramatic tension of his test.

Application: God often tests our faith and character in hidden ways. We may face unexpected trials that reveal what is truly in our hearts.

Verses 6–12: The Search and Discovery

The brothers respond with indignant confidence (vv. 6–8), reminding the steward that they faithfully returned money found in their sacks before. They pledge that whoever stole the cup shall die, and the rest will become slaves (v. 9). The steward graciously reduces the penalty: only the guilty party will become a slave, the others go free (v. 10). As the sacks are opened from eldest to youngest, the cup is discovered in Benjamin's sack (vv. 11–12). The brothers immediately tear their garments in anguish and return to the city (v. 13).

Application: Sin often catches us by surprise, and shame follows quickly. Yet God's hidden purposes can work through our failures when we have tender consciences.

Verses 13–17: Confrontation and Consequence

The brothers return to Joseph's house and fall before him in submission (vv. 13–14). Joseph's rhetorical question (v. 15) invites their confession, but also emphasizes his authority. Judah's response (v. 16) is pivotal: he acknowledges that "God hath found out the iniquity of thy servants." This is not simply admission of the present theft—it reflects a dawning awareness of their past sin against Joseph. Joseph clarifies that only Benjamin will be enslaved; the others are free (v. 17).

Application: When confronted with wrongdoing, a humble acknowledgment that God sees all things leads to repentance. Judah's conscience has been awakened.

Verses 18–34: Judah's Plea—A Heart Transformed

Judah steps forward and makes an extraordinary appeal (vv. 18–33). He recounts how Joseph insisted on seeing their youngest brother, and how their elderly father, Jacob, was devastated at the thought of losing Benjamin. Judah poignantly notes that Jacob's "life is bound up in the lad's life" (v. 30). Most remarkably, Judah offers himself as a slave in Benjamin's stead (v. 33), declaring: "let thy servant abide instead of the lad a bondman to my lord." This is sacrificial love—the very opposite of the selfish cruelty he displayed when selling Joseph decades before.

Application: True repentance transforms character over time. Judah's willingness to sacrifice himself for his brother and father shows genuine spiritual renewal. Like Judah, we are called to deny ourselves for the sake of others and our families.

Application for Today

Genesis 44 reveals that God uses both testing and conviction to produce genuine repentance and transformed hearts. The brothers' return, combined with Judah's selfless intercession, prefigures Christ's substitutionary sacrifice on our behalf. We too are tested so that our faith may be proven genuine, and we too are invited to move from self-centeredness toward sacrificial love for others. May we respond to God's hidden work in our lives with Judah's ultimate humility and concern for those we love.

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